Marneuli ( ka, მარნეულის მუნიციპალიტეტი, az, Marneuli Bələdiyyəsi) is a municipality in
Georgia
Georgia most commonly refers to:
* Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia
* Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States
Georgia may also refer to:
Places
Historical states and entities
* Related to the ...
, in the region of
Kvemo Kartli
Kvemo Kartli ( ka, ქვემო ქართლი, az, Aşağı Kartli) or "Lower Kartli", is a historic province and current administrative region ( mkhare) in southeastern Georgia. The city of Rustavi is the regional capital.
Location
K ...
. Its administrative center and main town is
Marneuli
Marneuli ( ka, მარნეული , az, Sarvan) is a town in the Kvemo Kartli region of southern Georgia and administrative center of Marneuli Municipality that borders neighboring Azerbaijan and Armenia.
Toponymy
According to Georgian so ...
.
Location
Marneuli Municipality is situated in south-east part of country near to border with
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of t ...
and
Armenia
Armenia (), , group=pron officially the Republic of Armenia,, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of Western Asia.The UNbr>classification of world regions places Armenia in Western Asia; the CIA World Factbook , , and ' ...
. The size of the municipality is 935 km
2.
Most part of its territory is located in Marneuli lowland (between 350 and 600 meters above
sea level
Mean sea level (MSL, often shortened to sea level) is an average surface level of one or more among Earth's coastal bodies of water from which heights such as elevation may be measured. The global MSL is a type of vertical datuma standardise ...
). The highest point is Garadagh mountain (1416 m.).
Geography and Climate
Marneuli municipality is located in the eastern part of Kvemo Kartli. Its administrative center is the city of
Marneuli
Marneuli ( ka, მარნეული , az, Sarvan) is a town in the Kvemo Kartli region of southern Georgia and administrative center of Marneuli Municipality that borders neighboring Azerbaijan and Armenia.
Toponymy
According to Georgian so ...
. Marneuli borders
Bolnisi Municipality
Bolnisi ( ka, ბოლნისის მუნიციპალიტეტი, ''Bolnisis munitsip’alit’et’i'') is a municipality in Georgia's southern region of Kvemo Kartli, covering an area of . As of 2021 it had a population of 56,0 ...
to the west,
Tetritskaro Municipality to the north,
Gardabani Municipality to the northeast,
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of t ...
and
Armenia
Armenia (), , group=pron officially the Republic of Armenia,, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of Western Asia.The UNbr>classification of world regions places Armenia in Western Asia; the CIA World Factbook , , and ' ...
to the south. The central part of the municipality is surrounded by the accumulated plains of Marneuli. The Iaghluji highland forms the geographic northern boundary of the municipality, while the southern geographic boundary is shaped by the Babakari Ridge. The area of the municipality is characterized by a river network that flows from west to east into the Mtkvari bassin. The river Mtkvari flows along the eastern border of Marneuli. Other main rivers through the municipality are the Khrami and Algeti which join the Mtkvari river near the Azerbaijan border.
Flora and fauna in Marneuli are diverse. In the area beard grass, thorny steppe, sparse, floodplain and semi-desert vegetation are common. Widespread medlar, sea buckthorn, maple, Georgian oak, blackthorn, etc. In the forests are inhabited badgers, wild boars, white breasted marten and others. In Marneuli almost everywhere can be found reed cat, rabbits, wolves and others. Ornithofauna is also abundant in the region, where you will find pheasants, partridge, partridge, skylark and many other birds. In the Marneuli municipality there is moderately dry subtropical warm steppe climate, with hot summers and mild cold winters. The average annual temperature is 12 °C, 0-0.3 °C in January and 24 °C in July.
Administrative divisions
Marneuli Municipality is administratively divided into 17 communities (თემი, temi) with 77 villages (სოფელი, sopeli). There is one city (ქალაკი, kalaki).
In 54 villages predominate ethnic
Azeris
Azerbaijanis (; az, Azərbaycanlılar, ), Azeris ( az, Azərilər, ), or Azerbaijani Turks ( az, Azərbaycan Türkləri, ) are a Turkic people living mainly in northwestern Iran and the Republic of Azerbaijan. They are the second-most nume ...
, in 12 –
Armenians
Armenians ( hy, հայեր, '' hayer'' ) are an ethnic group native to the Armenian highlands of Western Asia. Armenians constitute the main population of Armenia and the ''de facto'' independent Artsakh. There is a wide-ranging diasp ...
, in 11 –
Georgians.
* city:
Marneuli
Marneuli ( ka, მარნეული , az, Sarvan) is a town in the Kvemo Kartli region of southern Georgia and administrative center of Marneuli Municipality that borders neighboring Azerbaijan and Armenia.
Toponymy
According to Georgian so ...
;
*
''daba'': none;
* villages: 77, such as
Sadakhlo
Sadakhlo ( Georgian: სადახლო, az, Sadaxlı) is a village in Georgia located in the southern part of country in the administrative territory of Marneuli Municipality (Kvemo Kartli Region) at the border with Armenia. The village is a ...
,
Kizilajlo
Kizilajlo or Kizil-Ajlo ( ka, ყიზილაჯლო, tr, ka, ყიზილ-აჯლო, tr; az, Qızılhacılı) is a village of nearly 7,300 residents (2014) in Georgia’s southern Marneuli Municipality (Kvemo Kartli region). The villa ...
,
Shaumiani
Shaumiani ( ka, შაუმიანი, hy, Շահումյան, translit=Shahumyan) is village in the Marneuli Municipality, Kvemo Kartli region of Georgia. Until 1925 it was named Shulaveri or Shulaver ( hy, Շուլավեր, translit=Shulaver ...
,
Akhkerpi,
Aghmamedlo,
Akhkula,
Khojorni and
Tekali.
The municipality has relatively large villages, which would have been labeled a ''daba'' in other municipalities. The two largest villages Sadakhlo and Kizilajlo have more than 7,000 residents. The former district capital
Shaumiani
Shaumiani ( ka, შაუმიანი, hy, Շահումյան, translit=Shahumyan) is village in the Marneuli Municipality, Kvemo Kartli region of Georgia. Until 1925 it was named Shulaveri or Shulaver ( hy, Շուլավեր, translit=Shulaver ...
was downgraded from ''daba'' to village in 2014.
Population
The population of Marneuli Municipality is 107,824 according to the 2021 estimate,
which is 3% increase from the last census of 2014 (104,300). The ethnic composition is 83.8%
Azerbaijani, 8.6%
Georgians and 7.0%
Armenian
Armenian may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to Armenia, a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia
* Armenians, the national people of Armenia, or people of Armenian descent
** Armenian Diaspora, Armenian communities across the ...
. Small minority groups include Russians (0.2%) and Greek (0.1%). The population density is 115.3 people per square kilometer.
Politics
Marneuli Municipal Assembly (
Georgian
Georgian may refer to:
Common meanings
* Anything related to, or originating from Georgia (country)
** Georgians, an indigenous Caucasian ethnic group
** Georgian language, a Kartvelian language spoken by Georgians
**Georgian scripts, three scrip ...
: მარნეულის საკრებულო) is the representative body in Marneuli Municipality, consisting of 33 members which are elected every four years. The last election was held in
October 2021. Kenan Omarov of
Georgian Dream
Georgian Dream – Democratic Georgia ( ka, ქართული ოცნება – დემოკრატიული საქართველო, ''Kartuli ocneba – Demok’rat’iuli Sakartvelo'') is a social democratic political ...
was elected as mayor.
Economy
After the collapse of
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
economy of Marneuli broke down in ways similar to other regions of country. Soviet economic policies employed people in industries that could not survive competition in a free market and encouraged industrialization in areas where it did not belong. The Marneuli area is littered with polluted and abandoned factories that are the remnants of Soviet economic policy. At present Marneuli is known as agricultural region. In 2006 Marneuli owned share 78% of
tobacco
Tobacco is the common name of several plants in the genus '' Nicotiana'' of the family Solanaceae, and the general term for any product prepared from the cured leaves of these plants. More than 70 species of tobacco are known, but the ...
, 11% of
vegetable
Vegetables are parts of plants that are consumed by humans or other animals as food. The original meaning is still commonly used and is applied to plants collectively to refer to all edible plant matter, including the flowers, fruits, stems, ...
s and 4% of
meat production around the
Georgia
Georgia most commonly refers to:
* Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia
* Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States
Georgia may also refer to:
Places
Historical states and entities
* Related to the ...
. The largest employer in the Marneuli area is the Marneuli Food Company which bottles and sells items like pickles and ketchup.
Culture
At present in Marneuli it is functioning 87 state and 1 non-state
secondary school, 4
college
A college (Latin: ''collegium'') is an educational institution or a constituent part of one. A college may be a degree-awarding tertiary educational institution, a part of a collegiate or federal university, an institution offerin ...
, 4 high education enterprises (
university
A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States ...
), 67
libraries
A library is a collection of Document, materials, books or media that are accessible for use and not just for display purposes. A library provides physical (hard copies) or electronic media, digital access (soft copies) materials, and may be a ...
, 2
theater
Theatre or theater is a collaborative form of performing art that uses live performers, usually actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, often a stage. The perform ...
s, 2
museum
A museum ( ; plural museums or, rarely, musea) is a building or institution that cares for and displays a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance. Many public museums make thes ...
s and 1
TV.
[http://www.kvemokartli.gov.ge Official site of ]Kvemo Kartli
Kvemo Kartli ( ka, ქვემო ქართლი, az, Aşağı Kartli) or "Lower Kartli", is a historic province and current administrative region ( mkhare) in southeastern Georgia. The city of Rustavi is the regional capital.
Location
K ...
mkhare
Cultural Monuments
*
The Monastery Complex - Khujabi
*
Tserakvi Monastery Complex
* Tsopi Fortress in
Sadakhlo
Sadakhlo ( Georgian: სადახლო, az, Sadaxlı) is a village in Georgia located in the southern part of country in the administrative territory of Marneuli Municipality (Kvemo Kartli Region) at the border with Armenia. The village is a ...
* Khojorna Church in
Khojorni
* Binadzori Complex
* Shulaveri Fortress
Gallery
QOLAGIRIS CIKHE Marneuli.jpg
St George Church, Marneuli 1.jpg
Marneuli-Tetritskaro-Tsalka, Khramhesi, Georgia - panoramio.jpg
File:Marneuli Cultural Centre.JPG
References
{{coord, 41, 27, 49, N, 44, 48, 39, E, region:GE_type:adm2nd_source:kolossus-itwiki, display=title
Municipalities of Kvemo Kartli