Sir Marmaduke Thweng (or ''Tweng'', ''Thwinge'' etc.), later 1st Baron Thweng, was an English knight from Yorkshire who fought in the Wars of Scottish Independence.

Family

The son of Sir Marmaduke Thweng of Kilton and his wife Lucy de Brus. His mother was the great, great granddaughter of Adam de Brus,

Lord of Skelton The Lord of Skelton was a title in the Peerage of England. *Robert de Brus (??-1141/1142) *Adam I de Brus Adam; el, Ἀδάμ, Adám; la, Adam is the name given in Genesis 1-5 to the first human. Beyond its use as the name of the first man ...

brother to

Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale Robert I de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale (–1141) was an early-12th-century Anglo-Norman lord and the first of the Bruce dynasty to hold lands in Scotland. A monastic patron, he is remembered as the founder of Gisborough Priory in Yorkshire, Engl ...

, Thweng was also a vassal of

Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale Robert de Brus (11 July 1243 – 15 March 1304Richardson, Douglas, Everingham, Kimball G. "Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families", Genealogical Publishing Com, 2005: p732-3, ,link/ref>), 6th Lord of Annandale, ''jure ...

by virtue of the latter's fief in the

North Riding The North Riding of Yorkshire is a subdivision of Yorkshire, England, alongside York, the East Riding and West Riding. The riding's highest point is at Mickle Fell with 2,585 ft (788 metres). From the Restoration it was used as a ...

, ties that would have far reaching effects during his career.

Military career

In 1295 he fought for

King Edward I Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England and Lord of Ireland from 1272 to 1307. Concurrently, he ruled the duchies of Aquitaine and Gascony as a vassa ...

Gascony Gascony (; french: Gascogne ; oc, Gasconha ; eu, Gaskoinia) was a province of the southwestern Kingdom of France that succeeded the Duchy of Gascony (602–1453). From the 17th century until the French Revolution (1789–1799), it was part o ...

, along with John de Thweng. In 1297 Marmaduke achieved some fame at the Battle of Stirling Bridge by an heroic escape. Over 100 English knights had been trapped, together with several thousand infantry, on the far side of the river, and were being slaughtered by the Scots. Thweng managed to fight his way back across the bridge and he thus became the only knight of all those on the far side of the river to survive the battle. Following the rout, Thweng with

William FitzWarin Sir William FitzWarin (died c. 1299) was an English soldier active during the First War of Scottish Independence. He was the constable of Urquhart Castle (1296-1297) and after the English defeat at the Battle of Stirling Bridge on 11 September 1 ...

were appointed castellans of

Stirling Castle Stirling Castle, located in Stirling, is one of the largest and most important castles in Scotland, both historically and architecturally. The castle sits atop Castle Hill, an intrusive crag, which forms part of the Stirling Sill geological ...

by the English leader John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey. The castle was quickly starved into submission, and Thweng and FitzWarin were taken prisoner to Dumbarton Castle. He was summoned to Parliament in 1307, thus becoming Baron Thweng. At the

Battle of Bannockburn The Battle of Bannockburn ( gd, Blàr Allt nam Bànag or ) fought on June 23–24, 1314, was a victory of the army of King of Scots Robert the Bruce over the army of King Edward II of England in the First War of Scottish Independence. It was ...

in 1314, however, after the English defeat, Sir Marmaduke apparently made no attempt to escape. Instead he wandered over the battlefield until he located Robert the Bruce; only then was he prepared to surrender, and only to the victorious King. Robert recognised Sir Marmaduke and released him and Ralph de Monthermer, also captured, both without ransom, but not without first entertaining them at table.Ronald McNair Scott (1988). ''Robert the Bruce: King of Scots''. Canongate: p. 163

Marriage and issue

Thweng married Isabel de Ros, daughter of William de Ros of Ingmanthorpe, and had several children, including: *

William Thweng, 2nd Baron Thweng William is a male given name of Germanic origin.Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 276. It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conquest of Eng ...

(d. 1341) *

Robert Thweng, 3rd Baron Thweng The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, honou ...

(d. 1344) *

Thomas Thweng, 4th Baron Thweng Thomas may refer to: People * List of people with given name Thomas * Thomas (name) * Thomas (surname) * Saint Thomas (disambiguation) * Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, and Doctor of the Church * Thomas the A ...

(d. 1374) *Lucia Thweng, married Robert de Lumley (grandparents of Ralph Lumley, 1st Baron Lumley) *Margaret Thweng, married Sir Robert de Hilton *Katherine Thweng, married Sir Ralph d'Aubenie (5th great grandparents of Sir John de Markham I, Lord of Cotham and Sedgebroke, Sheriff of Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire and the Royal Forests (1519, 1526 & 1534)) His three sons each succeeded to the barony in turn; the first son married, but died childless, while the second and third sons were clergymen and died unmarried. With the death of the last son, the barony fell into abeyance among the heirs of his daughters. Burke, John
"A General and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerages of England, Ireland, and Scotland"
p. 518

References

External links

at the ''Lord and Lady'' website {{DEFAULTSORT:Thweng, Marmaduke Thweng, 1st Baron Year of birth missing Year of death missing 13th-century English people Medieval English knights People of the Wars of Scottish Independence Barons in the Peerage of England People from Thwing and Octon