Marjorie Ellen Franklin (17 December 1887 – 1975) was a British psychiatrist and psychoanalyst. After she studied medicine, Franklin specialized in psychiatry under Adolf Meyer.Nölleke, B. (n.d.). ''Women Psychoanalysts in Great Britain.'' Psychoanalytikerinnen. Biografisches Lexicon. Retrieved 3 July 2022, from https://www.psychoanalytikerinnen.de/greatbritain_biographies.html#FranklinWills, D. (1975). Marjorie Franklin. 1877—1975. ''The British Journal of Criminology'', ''15''(2), 109–110. https://academic.oup.com/bjc/article-abstract/15/2/109/390998?redirectedFrom=fulltext&login=false Like other British psychoanalysts, she was a client of Sandor Ferenczi and was analysed by him for a period of two years. He advocated for her acceptance as a member of the

British Psychoanalytical Society The British Psychoanalytical Society was founded by the British neurologist Ernest Jones as the London Psychoanalytical Society on 30 October 1913. It is one of two organizations in Britain training psychoanalysts, the other being the British P ...

Ernest Jones Alfred Ernest Jones (1 January 1879 – 11 February 1958) was a Welsh neurologist and psychoanalyst. A lifelong friend and colleague of Sigmund Freud from their first meeting in 1908, he became his official biographer. Jones was the first En ...

, the president of the society, disliked Franklin but he was urged by Ferenczi to be collegial.Erős F., Szekacs-Weisz, J., & Robinson, K. (2013). ''Sandor Ferenczi - Ernest Jones: letters 1911-1933''. Karnac Books. In the end, Franklin became a full member in 1931, after having been an associate member for a few years. In the same year, Franklin co-founded the Institute for the Scientific Study and Treatment of Delinquency (now called the

Centre for Crime and Justice Studies The Centre for Crime and Justice Studies (CCJS) is a charity based in the United Kingdom focusing on crime and the criminal justice system.Gibson, Bryan (2009)''The Pocket A-Z of Criminal Justice'' Waterside Press. p. 198. It seeks to brin ...

). The aim of the institute was to promote the use of science in dealing with criminal behaviour. Throughout her life, Franklin worked at various health institutions and as a private psychoanalyst.

Planned environment therapy

Franklin's main interest was the relationship between a patient's environment and mental illness. She developed planned environmental therapy to treat this relationship. She theorised that focusing on the well-functioning parts of a patient’s personality could help them to behave better in a social environment. Planned environmental therapy is seen as a forerunner of the therapeutic community movement. To put her theory to work, she set up Q-camps, the first of which was founded in 1936 at Hawkspur. The Q-camps were

therapeutic communities Therapeutic community is a participative, group-based approach to long-term mental illness, personality disorders and drug addiction. The approach was usually residential, with the clients and therapists living together, but increasingly residential ...

for criminal and difficult men. Franklin was appointed as the committee's honorary secretary, and other committee members included

Donald Winnicott Donald Woods Winnicott (7 April 1896 – 25 January 1971) was an English paediatrician and psychoanalyst who was especially influential in the field of object relations theory and developmental psychology. He was a leading member of the Br ...

, David Wills and Arthur Barron.A Fearless Frankness (2010). ''The Therapeutic Care Journal.'' https://thetcj.org/child-care-history-policy/a-fearless-frankness From the beginning, the project struggled to get enough funding and eventually had to be shut down. Even though the Q-camp project was not successful, Franklin did not abandon her planned environmental therapy. In 1966, she founded the Planned Environmental Therapy Trust (PETT) to promote research, discussion and training about the PET approach. The PETT closed in 2018 and its holdings were given over to the Mulberry Bush Organisation.The Mulberry Bush. (n.d.). ''About us.'' Retrieved 3 July 2022, from https://mulberrybush.org.uk/mb3/archives/about-us/

References

{{Reflist 1887 births 1975 deaths British psychiatrists British psychoanalysts Analysands of Sándor Ferenczi