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Marius Mason (born Marie Mason, January 26, 1962) is an American
anarchist Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that is skeptical of all justifications for authority and seeks to abolish the institutions it claims maintain unnecessary coercion and hierarchy, typically including, though not neces ...
who in 2009 was sentenced to 22 years in prison after admitting 13 counts of
arson Arson is the crime of willfully and deliberately setting fire to or charring property. Although the act of arson typically involves buildings, the term can also refer to the intentional burning of other things, such as motor vehicles, wat ...
and property damage amounting to
US$ The United States dollar (symbol: $; code: USD; also abbreviated US$ or U.S. Dollar, to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies; referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, American dollar, or colloquially buck) is the official ...
4 million. Mason, a member of the
Earth Liberation Front The Earth Liberation Front (ELF), also known as "Elves" or "The Elves", is the collective name for autonomous individuals or covert cells who, according to the ELF Press Office, use "economic sabotage and guerrilla warfare to stop the exploitatio ...
, was prosecuted for a 1999 attack on a building at
Michigan State University Michigan State University (Michigan State, MSU) is a public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in East Lansing, Michigan. It was founded in 1855 as the Agricultural College of the State of Michigan, the fi ...
,
East Lansing East Lansing is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. Most of the city lies within Ingham County with a smaller portion extending north into Clinton County. At the 2020 Census the population was 47,741. Located directly east of the state capital ...
,
Michigan Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes region of the upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the 10th-largest state by population, the 11th-largest by area, and the ...
, that caused more than US$1 million in damage, undertaken as a protest against research into
genetically modified crops Genetically modified crops (GM crops) are plants used in agriculture, the DNA of which has been modified using genetic engineering methods. Plant genomes can be engineered by physical methods or by use of ''Agrobacterium'' for the delivery of ...
. A further US$3 million in damage included attacks on homes under construction, and on boats owned by a
mink Mink are dark-colored, semiaquatic, carnivorous mammals of the genera ''Neogale'' and '' Mustela'' and part of the family Mustelidae, which also includes weasels, otters, and ferrets. There are two extant species referred to as "mink": the A ...
farmer. Supporters claim that this case represents a form of political persecution, as part of the
Green Scare The Green Scare is legal action by the US government against the radical environmental movement. It alludes to the Red Scares, periods of fear over communist infiltration of US society. The term was popularized by environmental activists. It is ...
phenomenon, when an overlong sentence is given to an individual who committed crimes against property. Around July 2014, Marius came out as a transgender man.


Background

Mason has worked as a gardener, musician, writer,
Earth First! Earth First! is a radical environmental advocacy group that originated in the Southwestern United States. It was founded in 1980 by Dave Foreman, Mike Roselle, Howie Wolke, Bart Koehler, and Ron Kezar. Today there are Earth First! groups around ...
organizer, and a volunteer for a free herbal-healthcare collective. He is a parent of two children. Mason and his husband at the time, Frank Ambrose, ignited an office that held records related to research on genetically modified, moth-resistant potatoes, funded by the
United States Agency for International Development The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government that is primarily responsible for administering civilian foreign aid and development assistance. With a budget of over $27 bi ...
and biotech company
Monsanto The Monsanto Company () was an American agrochemical and agricultural biotechnology corporation founded in 1901 and headquartered in Creve Coeur, Missouri. Monsanto's best known product is Roundup, a glyphosate-based herbicide, developed in th ...
($2,500 out of the $20 million funding). The next day, Mason and Ambrose set fire to commercial logging equipment in
Mesick, Michigan Mesick ( ) is a village in Wexford County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 397 at the 2020 census. The majority of the village is located within Springville Township with a very small portion extending east into Antioch Townsh ...
. Both arsons were claimed by the
Earth Liberation Front The Earth Liberation Front (ELF), also known as "Elves" or "The Elves", is the collective name for autonomous individuals or covert cells who, according to the ELF Press Office, use "economic sabotage and guerrilla warfare to stop the exploitatio ...
as actions against
genetic engineering Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification or genetic manipulation, is the modification and manipulation of an organism's genes using technology. It is a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including t ...
,
deforestation Deforestation or forest clearance is the removal of a forest or stand of trees from land that is then converted to non-forest use. Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use. The most concentrated d ...
, and other environmentally destructive acts. On December 31, 1999, members of the Land Liberation Front claimed an arson attack on the
Michigan State University Michigan State University (Michigan State, MSU) is a public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in East Lansing, Michigan. It was founded in 1855 as the Agricultural College of the State of Michigan, the fi ...
farm building located in
East Lansing East Lansing is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. Most of the city lies within Ingham County with a smaller portion extending north into Clinton County. At the 2020 Census the population was 47,741. Located directly east of the state capital ...
, Michigan, US ELF claimed it set the fire specifically to stop the work of those studying genetically modified foods. In 2007, after evidence linking him to the attacks was found, Ambrose began co-operating with police. Over the following year, he recorded 178 conversations with Mason and other activists. Mason and three others were indicted in March 2008. Ambrose divorced Mason on the day the latter was arrested. In February 2009, Mason was sentenced to 22 years in prison for arson, then the record sentence for an American eco-terrorist act. In return for his co-operation with prosecutors, Ambrose was sentenced to less than six years for conspiracy to commit arson, despite court documents connecting him to attacks causing damage costing over $4 million.


Trial

According to Assistant U.S. Attorney Hagen Frank, the 20-year sentence sought by the prosecution would be "the most onerous sentence imposed in a case of this sort". At the trial, the prosecution argued that "A good cause does not justify the worst means. That's not how society works." During the three-hour hearing, Mason said, "I am genuinely sorry to those who were personally frightened by my actions.... I meant to inspire thought and compassion, not fear." After the sentence, defense lawyer John Minock stated that he would appeal, commenting, "I'm shocked. It's grossly out of proportion to other cases."


Personal life

Mason transitioned in 2016 while in federal prison, and was reported as the first
trans man A trans man is a man who was assigned female at birth. The label of transgender man is not always interchangeable with that of transsexual man, although the two labels are often used in this way. ''Transgender'' is an umbrella term that incl ...
to do so. He
came out Coming out of the closet, often shortened to coming out, is a metaphor used to describe LGBT people's self-disclosure of their sexual orientation, romantic orientation, or gender identity. Framed and debated as a privacy issue, coming out of ...
to friends and family two years prior.


See also

*
Green Anarchism Green anarchism (or eco-anarchism"green anarchism (also called eco-anarchism)" in ''An Anarchist FAQ'' by various authors.) is an anarchist school of thought that puts a particular emphasis on ecology and environmental issues. A green anarchist ...
*
Genetically modified food Genetically modified foods (GM foods), also known as genetically engineered foods (GE foods), or bioengineered foods are foods produced from organisms that have had changes introduced into their DNA using the methods of genetic engineering. Gene ...
*
Rod Coronado Rodney Adam Coronado (born July 3, 1966) is an American animal rights and environmental activist known for his militant direct actions in the late 1980s and 1990s. As part of the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, he sank two whaling ships and ...
*
Jeff Luers Jeffrey "Free" Luers is a political activist from Los Angeles, California, who served a ten-year prison sentence for an arson motivated by environmental concerns. On February 14, 2007, the Oregon Court of Appeals overturned Luers' sentence, instruc ...
*
Eric McDavid Eric McDavid (born October 7, 1977) is an American green anarchist who was convicted of conspiring to use fire or explosives to damage corporate and government property and sentenced to 20 years in prison. While U.S. Attorney McGregor W. Scott has ...


References


External links

*
Support Marius Mason
*Reed, Henry
Between Orwell and McCarthy: the crucifixion of Marie Mason
from the Fifth Estate, Spring 2009 *Goldenberg, Suzanne
Serving 22 years: the environmentalist who fell victim to US anti-terror laws
''The Guardian'', March 24, 2009.
Gitmo in the Heartland

Environmentalist Sentenced to 21 Years as a Terrorist
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mason, Marius 1962 births Living people American people convicted of arson American environmentalists Eco-terrorism Place of birth missing (living people) Earth Liberation Front Industrial Workers of the World members Transgender men