1722 portrait of Marie Charles Louis d'Albert, Duke of Chevreuse (later Luynes) by Hyacinthe Rigaud

Marie ''Charles'' Louis d'Albert de Luynes (24 April 1717 – 8 October 1771) was a French nobleman and member of the

House of Albert A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air condi ...

. He was the fifth Duke of Luynes as well as Duke of Chevreuse.

Early life

Luynes was born on 24 April 1717 in Paris at the Hôtel de Luynes on the rue Saint Dominique. He was the only child of

Charles Philippe d'Albert de Luynes Charles-Philippe d’Albert Duc de Luynes (30 July 1695 – 2 November 1758) held the title Duke of Luynes from 1712 to 1758. He wrote an important memoir of life at the court of Louis XV. Early life Charles-Philippe was a grandson of Charles H ...

and his wife Louise Léontine de Bourbon, he was styled the ''duc de Chevreuse'' while his father was alive. Charles Louis was the titular Duke of Montfort. Through his mother, a granddaughter of Louis Henri de Bourbon who was an illegitimate son of the Count of Soissons, Charles Louis was also the claimant to the

Principality of Neuchâtel A principality (or sometimes princedom) can either be a monarchical feudatory or a sovereign state, ruled or reigned over by a regnant-monarch with the title of prince and/or princess, or by a monarch with another title considered to fall under ...

in modern-day

Switzerland ). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...

. His parents were great friends of

Queen Queen or QUEEN may refer to: Monarchy * Queen regnant, a female monarch of a Kingdom ** List of queens regnant * Queen consort, the wife of a reigning king * Queen dowager, the widow of a king * Queen mother, a queen dowager who is the mother ...

Marie Leszczyńska Maria Karolina Zofia Felicja Leszczyńska (; ; 23 June 1703 – 24 June 1768), also known as Marie Leczinska, was Queen of France as the wife of King Louis XV from their marriage on 4 September 1725 until her death in 1768. The daughter of Stanis ...

, consort of

Louis XV of France Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reached ...

. At his father's death in 1758, he succeeded to the title of Duke of Luynes.

Career

He took part in the war in 1733 in the

War of the Polish Succession The War of the Polish Succession ( pl, Wojna o sukcesję polską; 1733–35) was a major European conflict sparked by a Polish civil war over the succession to Augustus II of Poland, which the other regional power, European powers widened in p ...

. He also took part in campaigns in 1735 and 1745, the latter in the

War of the Austrian Succession The War of the Austrian Succession () was a European conflict that took place between 1740 and 1748. Fought primarily in Central Europe, the Austrian Netherlands, Italy, the Atlantic and Mediterranean, related conflicts included King George's W ...

, and was injured in combat at

Sahay Sahai (also spelled as Sahay) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Krishna Ballabh Sahay, Chief Minister of Erstwhile Bihar *Shyam Nandan Sahay, Indian landlord, educationist and legislator *Subodh Kant Sahay, Indian politician an ...

at the head of the Dragoons. He participated in the attack of

Prague Prague ( ; cs, Praha ; german: Prag, ; la, Praga) is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, and the historical capital of Bohemia. On the Vltava river, Prague is home to about 1.3 million people. The city has a temperate ...

in 1742, and also assisted in various sieges and battles of the era. In 1754, he was created a Colonel General of the

Dragoons Dragoons were originally a class of mounted infantry, who used horses for mobility, but dismounted to fight on foot. From the early 17th century onward, dragoons were increasingly also employed as conventional cavalry and trained for combat ...

. From 1757 to 1771, he was the ''Gouverneur de Paris'' ( Military governor of Paris), an ancient and prestigious rank representing the king in the capital. He also was created a

Knight A knight is a person granted an honorary title of knighthood by a head of state (including the Pope) or representative for service to the monarch, the church or the country, especially in a military capacity. Knighthood finds origins in the Gr ...

of the

Order of the Holy Spirit The Order of the Holy Spirit (french: Ordre du Saint-Esprit; sometimes translated into English as the Order of the Holy Ghost), is a French order of chivalry founded by Henry III of France in 1578. Today, it is a dynastic order under the House of ...

at Versailles on 2 February 1759.

Personal life

The Duke married twice. His first marriage was to Thérèse Pélagie d'Albert on 22 January 1735; they had no issue. After the death of his first wife, he married, secondly, to Henriette Nicole d'Egmont-Pignatelli on 27 April 1738 with whom he had three children with: #

Charles Marie Léopold d'Albert de Luynes Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English and French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning was " ...

, Count of Dunois (1740–1758), who died unmarried. # Marie Paule Angélique d'Albert de Luynes (1744–1781) married her cousin Louis Joseph d'Albert d'Ailly, 7th Duke of Chaulnes. # ''Louis Joseph'' Charles Amable d'Albert de Luynes, Duke of Luynes (1748–1807), who married Guyonne Élisabeth de

Montmorency-Laval Montmorency-Laval is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Francois de Montmorency Laval, M.E.P. (1623–1708), the first Roman Catholic bishop of Quebec, appointed by Pope Alexander VII * Mathieu Jean Felicite de Montmorency-Laval, ...

(aunt of

Mathieu de Montmorency Mathieu Jean Felicité de Montmorency, duc de Montmorency-Laval (10 July 1767 – 24 March 1826) was a French statesman during the French Revolution and Bourbon Restoration. He was elected as the youngest member of the National Assembly in 178 ...

) and had issue. He died in Paris in his '' hôtel''. He was buried at the Chapelle de Saint Jean l'Évangeliste at the Église Saint-Sulpice, Paris.

Ancestry

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Luynes, Charles Louis Dalbert De 1717 births 1771 deaths Charles Louis Dukes of Chevreuse House of Albert French military personnel of the War of the Polish Succession Military governors of Paris French Army officers Burials at Saint-Sulpice, Paris 18th-century peers of France