, mother =
Elisabeth Farnese
Elisabeth Farnese (Italian: ''Elisabetta Farnese'', Spanish: ''Isabel Farnesio''; 25 October 169211 July 1766) was Queen of Spain by marriage to King Philip V. She exerted great influence over Spain's foreign policy and was the ''de facto'' rule ...
, birth_date =
, birth_place =
Alcázar of Seville
The Royal Alcázars of Seville ( es, Reales Alcázares de Sevilla), historically known as al-Qasr al-Muriq (, ''The Verdant Palace'') and commonly known as the Alcázar of Seville (), is a royal palace in Seville, Spain, built for the Christian ...
,
Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
, image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
, national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond")
, national_anthem = (English: "Royal March")
, i ...
, death_date =
, death_place =
Castle of Moncalieri
The Castle of Moncalieri is a palace in Moncalieri (Metropolitan City of Turin), Piedmont, in northern Italy. It is one of the Residences of the Royal House of Savoy listed by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites in 1997.
History
The first structure w ...
,
Turin
Turin ( , Piedmontese language, Piedmontese: ; it, Torino ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital ...
,
Kingdom of Sardinia
The Kingdom of Sardinia,The name of the state was originally Latin: , or when the kingdom was still considered to include Corsica. In Italian it is , in French , in Sardinian , and in Piedmontese . also referred to as the Kingdom of Savoy-S ...
, burial_date = September 1785
, burial_place =
Basilica of Superga
The Basilica of Superga () is a church in Superga, in the vicinity of Turin.
History
It was built from 1717 to 1731 for Victor Amadeus II of Savoy, designed by Filippo Juvarra, at the top of the hill of Superga. This fulfilled a vow the duke (and ...
, Turin
Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain (María Antonia Fernanda; 17 November 1729 – 19 September 1785) was
Queen of Sardinia
This is a list of consorts of the Savoyard monarchs.
Countess of Savoy, 1003–1416
Duchess of Savoy, 1416–1713
;As courtesy title
Queen of Sardinia, 1720–1861
Between 1859 and 1861 the Kingdom of Sardinia incorporated the majo ...
by marriage to
Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia
Victor Amadeus III (Vittorio Amadeo Maria; 26 June 1726 – 16 October 1796) was King of Sardinia from 1773 to his death. Although he was politically conservative, he carried out numerous administrative reforms until he declared war on Revolut ...
. She was the youngest daughter of
Philip V of Spain
Philip V ( es, Felipe; 19 December 1683 – 9 July 1746) was King of Spain from 1 November 1700 to 14 January 1724, and again from 6 September 1724 to his death in 1746. His total reign of 45 years is the longest in the history of the Spanish mon ...
and
Elisabeth Farnese
Elisabeth Farnese (Italian: ''Elisabetta Farnese'', Spanish: ''Isabel Farnesio''; 25 October 169211 July 1766) was Queen of Spain by marriage to King Philip V. She exerted great influence over Spain's foreign policy and was the ''de facto'' rule ...
.
She was the mother of the last three mainline
Kings of Sardinia
Kings or King's may refer to:
*Monarchs: The sovereign heads of states and/or nations, with the male being kings
*One of several works known as the "Book of Kings":
**The Books of Kings part of the Bible, divided into two parts
**The ''Shahnameh'' ...
.
Life
Early years
![Detail of the 1743 portrait of the Family of Philip V of Spain, (María Teresa Rafaela and María Antonia Fernanda) L M van Loo](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Detail_of_the_1743_portrait_of_the_Family_of_Philip_V_of_Spain%2C_%28Mar%C3%ADa_Teresa_Rafaela_and_Mar%C3%ADa_Antonia_Fernanda%29_L_M_van_Loo.jpg)
She was born at the
Royal Alcázar of Seville in
Seville
Seville (; es, Sevilla, ) is the capital and largest city of the Spanish autonomous community of Andalusia and the province of Seville. It is situated on the lower reaches of the River Guadalquivir, in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula ...
and was the youngest daughter of
Philip V of Spain
Philip V ( es, Felipe; 19 December 1683 – 9 July 1746) was King of Spain from 1 November 1700 to 14 January 1724, and again from 6 September 1724 to his death in 1746. His total reign of 45 years is the longest in the history of the Spanish mon ...
and of his second wife
Elisabeth Farnese
Elisabeth Farnese (Italian: ''Elisabetta Farnese'', Spanish: ''Isabel Farnesio''; 25 October 169211 July 1766) was Queen of Spain by marriage to King Philip V. She exerted great influence over Spain's foreign policy and was the ''de facto'' rule ...
. She was born in Seville during the signing of the
Treaty of Seville
The Treaty of Seville was signed on 9 November, 1729 between Britain, France, and Spain, formally ending the 1727–1729 Anglo-Spanish War; the Dutch Republic joined the Treaty on 29 November.
However, the Treaty failed to resolve underlying te ...
which ended the
Anglo-Spanish War. She spent her infancy in the city of her birth before moving to
Madrid
Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...
in 1733. She was baptised with the names ''María Antonia'' along with ''Fernanda'' in honour of her half brother, then the heir to the throne. Variations in her name range from "Antonia Fernanda" and "Antonietta Ferdinanda". As a daughter of the
King of Spain
, coatofarms = File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg
, coatofarms_article = Coat of arms of the King of Spain
, image = Felipe_VI_in_2020_(cropped).jpg
, incumbent = Felipe VI
, incumbentsince = 19 Ju ...
, she held the title of
Infanta of Spain
Infante of Spain (f. Infanta; Spanish: ''Infante de España''; f. ''Infanta'') is a royal title normally granted at birth to sons and daughters of reigning and past Spanish monarchs, and to the sons and daughters of the heir to the Crown. Indiv ...
and style of Royal Highness.
In a double marriage plan she would marry
Louis, Dauphin of France, and her brother,
Infante Philip, would marry the Dauphin's sister
Louise Élisabeth of France
es, María Luisa Isabel de Borbón it, Maria Luisa Elisabetta di Francia
, spouse =
, issue = Isabella, Archduchess Joseph of Austria-Tuscany Ferdinand I, Duke of Parma Maria Luisa, Queen of Spain
, house = Bourbon
, fat ...
. Her mother consented to the latter union but insisted on waiting for Maria Antonia Ferdinanda to reach a more mature age. The Infanta's hand was also sought by the
Electoral Prince of Saxony. The marriage between Infante Philip and Louise Élisabeth occurred in 1739 and eventually her older sister
Infanta Maria Teresa Rafaela married the Dauphin in 1745. However, upon the death of Maria Teresa Rafaela in 1746
Ferdinand VI
, house = Bourbon-Anjou
, father = Philip V of Spain
, mother = Maria Luisa of Savoy
, birth_date = 23 September 1713
, birth_place = Royal Alcazar of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
, death_date =
, death_place = Villavici ...
tried to engage Maria Antonia Fernandina to the Dauphin but the idea was snubbed by
Louis XV
Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reache ...
as "
incest
Incest ( ) is human sexual activity between family members or close relatives. This typically includes sexual activity between people in consanguinity (blood relations), and sometimes those related by affinity (marriage or stepfamily), adoption ...
". Instead he chose
Maria Josepha of Saxony.
Duchess of Savoy
Having married by proxy in
Madrid
Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...
on 12 April 1750 she was married in person at
Oulx
Oulx ( oc, label=Occitan, Ors) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about west of Turin, in the Susa Valley on the border with France.
Names
Like many other towns in the Susa Va ...
on 31 May 1750 to
Victor Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, the eldest son of
Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia
Charles Emmanuel III (27 April 1701 – 20 February 1773) was Duke of Savoy and King of Sardinia from 1730 until his death.
Biography
He was born in Turin to Victor Amadeus II of Savoy and his first wife the French Anne Marie d'Orléans. Hi ...
and his late wife
Polyxena of Hesse-Rotenburg
Princess Polyxena of Hesse-Rheinfels-Rotenburg (Polyxena Christina Johanna; 21 September 1706 – 13 January 1735) was the second wife of Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia, Charles Emmanuel, Prince of Piedmont whom she married in 1724. The mother ...
. The marriage had been arranged by Maria Antonia Ferdinanda's half brother, Ferdinand VI and was used to strengthen relations between
Madrid
Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...
and
Turin
Turin ( , Piedmontese language, Piedmontese: ; it, Torino ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital ...
as the two courts had fought on opposing sides during the
War of the Austrian Succession
The War of the Austrian Succession () was a European conflict that took place between 1740 and 1748. Fought primarily in Central Europe, the Austrian Netherlands, Italy, the Atlantic and Mediterranean, related conflicts included King George's W ...
. The
Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended the war.
[Morselli. Mario: ''Amedeo Avogadro, a scientific biography'', Springer, 1984, p 6] As a wedding gift, the apartments of the new Duchess of Savoy at the
Royal Palace of Turin
The Royal Palace of Turin ( it, Palazzo Reale di Torino) is a historic palace of the House of Savoy in the city of Turin in Northern Italy. It was originally built in the 16th century and was later modernized by Christine Marie of France (1606–1 ...
were remodelled by the architect
Benedetto Alfieri
180px, Benedetto Alfieri from the treatise of "Leben des Vittorio Alfieri"
Benedetto Innocenzo Alfieri (8 June 1699 - 9 December 1767) was an Italian architect, a representative of the late-Baroque or Rococo style.
Biography and works
Born in R ...
. Maria Antonia Ferdinanda was given a
dowry
A dowry is a payment, such as property or money, paid by the bride's family to the groom or his family at the time of marriage. Dowry contrasts with the related concepts of bride price and dower. While bride price or bride service is a payment b ...
of 3,500,000
Piedmontese Lires as well as Spanish possessions in
Milan
Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...
. In Italy she was known as ''Maria Antonietta Ferdinanda''. Operas by
Baldassare Galuppi
Baldassare Galuppi (18 October 17063 January 1785) was an Italian composer, born on the island of Burano in the Venetian Republic. He belonged to a generation of composers, including Johann Adolph Hasse, Giovanni Battista Sammartini, and C.  ...
were specially composed for her marriage to the Duke of Savoy.
The match was seen as unpopular, but the two remained close until her death. From marriage until her husband's accession she was styled as the
Duchess of Savoy
This is a list of consorts of the Savoyard monarchs.
Countess of Savoy, 1003–1416
Duchess of Savoy, 1416–1713
;As courtesy title
Queen of Sardinia, 1720–1861
Between 1859 and 1861 the Kingdom of Sardinia incorporated the majo ...
. The couple surrounded themselves with modern thinkers and various politicians. The first lady of the land, she brought a rigid
etiquette
Etiquette () is the set of norms of personal behaviour in polite society, usually occurring in the form of an ethical code of the expected and accepted social behaviours that accord with the conventions and norms observed and practised by a ...
from her native Spain to the court of Savoy.
She was very religious and was said to have a cold, shy personality.
[Artemont. Louis Leopold d' :''A sister of Louis XVI, Marie Clotilde of France, Queen of Sardinia (1759–1802), 1911, p. 111] She was the mother of twelve children, three of whom died in childhood. Two of her children had issue.
Queen of Sardinia
At the death of her father-in-law
Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia
Charles Emmanuel III (27 April 1701 – 20 February 1773) was Duke of Savoy and King of Sardinia from 1730 until his death.
Biography
He was born in Turin to Victor Amadeus II of Savoy and his first wife the French Anne Marie d'Orléans. Hi ...
in 1773, her husband succeeded him as
Victor Amadeus III
Victor Amadeus III (Vittorio Amadeo Maria; 26 June 1726 – 16 October 1796) was King of Sardinia from 1773 to his death. Although he was politically conservative, he carried out numerous administrative reforms until he declared war on Revolut ...
. She was the first queen of Sardinia in over thirty years since the death of
Elisabeth Therese of Lorraine
Elisabeth Therese of Lorraine (15 October 1711 3 July 1741) was Queen of Sardinia as the wife of Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia. She was born a Princess of Lorraine as the daughter of Leopold, Duke of Lorraine and Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléa ...
in 1741.
Her oldest son
Charles Emmanuel, Prince of Piedmont married
Marie Clotilde of France
Marie Clotilde of France (Marie Adélaïde Clotilde Xavière; 23 September 1759 – 7 March 1802), known as Clotilde in Italy, was Queen of Sardinia by marriage to Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia. She was the younger sister of Louis XVI of Fr ...
, sister of
Louis XVI
Louis XVI (''Louis-Auguste''; ; 23 August 175421 January 1793) was the last King of France before the fall of the monarchy during the French Revolution. He was referred to as ''Citizen Louis Capet'' during the four months just before he was ...
in 1775. Marie Clotilde and Maria Antonia Ferdinanda would become very close.
Queen Maria Antonia Ferdinanda died in September 1785 at the
Castle of Moncalieri
The Castle of Moncalieri is a palace in Moncalieri (Metropolitan City of Turin), Piedmont, in northern Italy. It is one of the Residences of the Royal House of Savoy listed by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites in 1997.
History
The first structure w ...
.
[Bertolotti. Davide:''Istoria della R. Casa di Savoia'', Antonio Fontana, 1830, p. 289] She was buried at the
Royal Basilica of Superga. Her husband outlived her by eleven years.
Issue
![Portrait of the family of the Duke of Savoy by Giuseppe Duprà circa 1760](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Portrait_of_the_family_of_the_Duke_of_Savoy_by_Giuseppe_Dupr%C3%A0_circa_1760.jpg)
#
King Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia (24 May 1751 – 6 October 1819) married
Princess Marie Clotilde of France in 1773, no issue.
#
Princess Maria Elisabetta Carlotta of Savoy (16 July 1752 – 17 April 1753) died in infancy.
#
Princess Marie Joséphine of Savoy
Princess is a regal rank and the feminine equivalent of prince (from Latin ''princeps'', meaning principal citizen). Most often, the term has been used for the consort of a prince, or for the daughter of a king or prince.
Princess as a subst ...
(2 September 1753 – 13 November 1810) married
Louis XVIII, King of France in 1771, no issue.
#
Prince Amadeus Alexander of Savoy (5 October 1754 – 29 April 1755) died in infancy.
#
Princess Maria Theresa of Savoy
Maria Theresa of Savoy (french: Marie Thérèse de Savoie; 31 January 1756 – 2 June 1805) was a French princess by marriage to Charles Philippe, Count of Artois; he being the grandson of Louis XV of France, and younger brother of the future Lou ...
(31 January 1756 – 2 June 1805) married
Charles X, King of France in 1773, had issue.
#
Princess Maria Anna of Savoy
Maria Anna of Savoy (''Maria Anna Carolina Gabriella''; 17 December 1757 – 11 October 1824) was a Princess of Savoy by birth and Duchess of Chablais by her marriage to her uncle, Prince Benedetto, Duke of Chablais.
Early life
Born at the Ro ...
(17 December 1757 – 11 October 1824) married
Prince Benedetto of Savoy in 1775, no issue.
#
King Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia(24 July 1759 – 10 January 1824) married
Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este in 1789, had issue.
# Maria Cristina Ferdinanda of Savoy (21 November 1760 – 19 May 1768), died in childhood.
#
Prince Maurizio of Savoy, Duke of Montferrat (13 December 1762 – 1 September 1799) died unmarried of malaria.
#
Princess Maria Carolina of Savoy
Maria Carolina of Savoy (Maria Carolina Antonietta Adelaide; 17 January 1764 – 28 December 1782) was a Princess of Savoy from her birth. She was the youngest daughter of the future Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and married in 1781 to the E ...
(17 January 1764 – 28 December 1782) married
Anthony, Electoral Prince of Saxony in 1781, no issue.
#
King Charles Felix of Sardinia (6 April 1765 – 27 April 1831) married
Princess Maria Cristina of Naples and Sicily in 1807, no issue.
#
Prince Giuseppe of Savoy, Count of Asti (5 October 1766 – 29 October 1802) died unmarried of malaria.
Ancestors
References
External links
, -
{{DEFAULTSORT:Maria Antonia Of Spain
Sardinian queens consort
Spanish infantas
1729 births
1785 deaths
Duchesses of Savoy
Princesses of Savoy
House of Bourbon (Spain)
House of Bourbon
Italian royalty
People from Seville
Burials at the Basilica of Superga
18th-century Spanish women
Daughters of kings