''Margarites'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
of
sea snails,
marine gastropod mollusk
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...
s in the
family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
Margaritidae
Margaritidae is a family of small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Trochoidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).Bouchet, P. (2012). Margaritidae. Accessed through: World Register ...
.
This genus belonged previously to the subfamily Margaritinae in the family
Turbinidae
Turbinidae, the turban snails, are a family of small to large marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Trochoidea.Bouchet, P. (2014). Turbinidae Rafinesque, 1815. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies ...
.
Description
This genus consists of small species of variable size between 3 mm and 15 mm. The Alaskan specimens of ''
Margarites costalis'' reach almost 25 mm in diameter.
Their flat shell has a turbiniform shape with convex whorls and a typical iridescent lustre.
Species
Species within the genus ''Margarites'' include:
* ''
Margarites albolineatus''
(E. A. Smith, 1899)
* ''
Margarites angulatus''
Galkin, 1955
* ''
Margarites argentatus''
(Gould, 1841)
* ''
Margarites atlantoides''
(Quinn, 1992)
* ''
Margarites avachensis''
Galkin, 1955 x Bartsch MS/small>
* '' Margarites avenosooki'' MacGinitie, 1959
* '' Margarites bairdii'' (Dall, 1889)
* '' Margarites biconica'' Numanami, 1996
* '' Margarites bisikovi'' Egorov, 2000
* '' Margarites cabernet'' Egorov, 2000
* '' Margarites calliostomoides'' Egorov, 2000
* '' Margarites costalis'' (Gould, 1841)
* '' Margarites crebrilirulata'' (Smith, 1907)
* '' Margarites dnopherus'' (Watson, 1879)
* '' Margarites ecarinatus'' (Dall, 1919)
* '' Margarites giganteus'' (Leche, 1878)
* '' Margarites glabrus'' Golikov & Gulbin, 1978
* '' Margarites groenlandicus'' (Gmelin, 1791)
* '' Margarites gunnerusensis'' Numanami, 1996
* '' Margarites helicinus'' (Phipps, 1774)
* '' Margarites hickmanae'' J. H. McLean, 1984
* '' Margarites huloti'' Vilvens & Sellanes, 2006
* '' Margarites imperialis'' Simone & Birman, 2006
* '' Margarites keepi'' Smith & Gordon, 1948
* '' Margarites kophameli'' (Strebel, 1905)
* '' Margarites koreanicus'' (Dall, 1919)
* ''Margarites laminarum
''Margarites laminarum'' is a species of sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Margaritidae.Gofas, S. (2012). ''Margarites laminarum'' (Jeffreys, 1883). Accessed through: World Register of Marine S ...
'' (Jeffreys, 1883)
* '' Margarites miona'' Dall, 1927
* '' Margarites mirabilis'' Simone & Birman, 2006
* '' Margarites olivaceus'' (Brown, 1827)
* '' Margarites picturatus'' Golikov, in Golikov & Scarlato, 1967
* '' Margarites pilsbryi'' Kuroda & Habe, 1952
* '' Margarites pribiloffensis'' (Dall, 1919)
* '' Margarites pupillus'' (Gould, 1849)
* '' Margarites refulgens'' (Smith, 1907)
* '' Margarites rossicus'' Dall, 1919
* '' Margarites ryukyuensis'' Okutani, Sasaki & Tsuchida, 2000
* '' Margarites salmoneus'' (Carpenter, 1864)
* '' Margarites schantaricus'' (Middendorff, 1849)
* '' Margarites scintillans'' (Watson, 1879)
* '' Margarites shinkai'' Okutani, Tsuchida & Fujikura, 1992
* '' Margarites simbla'' Dall, 1913
* '' Margarites smithi'' Bartsch, 1927
* '' Margarites sordidus'' (Hancock, 1846)
* '' Margarites striatus'' (Leach, 1841)
* '' Margarites toroides'' Hoffman, van Heugten & Lavaleye, 2011
* '' Margarites vahlii'' (Møller, 1842)
* '' Margarites vityazi'' Egorov, 2000
* '' Margarites vorticiferus'' (Dall, 1873)
;Species brought into synonymy:
* ''Margarites acuticostatus'' Carpenter, 1864: synonym of '' Parviturbo acuticostatus'' (Carpenter, 1864)
* ''Margarites alabastrum'' "Beck, H.H. MS" Lovén, S.L., 1846: synonym of ''Calliostoma occidentale
''Calliostoma occidentale'', common name the boreal topsnail, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae.
Description
The size of the shell varies between 6 mm and 17 mm. The shell is rat ...
'' (Mighels, J.W. & C.B. Adams, 1842)
* ''Margarites albula'' Gould, A.A., 1861: synonym of '' Solariella obscura'' (Couthouy, J.P., 1838)
* ''Margarites beringensis'' (E. A. Smith, 1899): synonym of '' Margarites helicinus'' (Phipps, 1774)
* ''Margarites biangulosus'' (A. Adams, 1854): synonym of '' Minolia biangulosa'' (A. Adams, 1854)
* ''Margarites cinereus'' Filatova, Z.A. & B.I. Zatsepin, 1948: synonym of '' Margarites costalis'' (Gould, 1841)
* ''Margarites clausus'' Golikov & Gulbin, 1978 : synonym of '' Cantharidoscops clausus'' (Golikov & Gulbin, 1978)
* ''Margarites diaphanus'' Gray, 1847: synonym of '' Margarites helicinus'' (Phipps, 1774)
* ''Margarites dnopherus'' Rios, 1994 (non Watson, 1879): synonym of '' Margarites mirabilis'' Simone & Birman, 2006
* ''Margarites dulcis'' E. A. Smith, 1907: synonym of '' Antimargarita dulcis'' (E. A. Smith, 1907)
* ''Margarites elevatus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of '' Margarites helicinus'' (Phipps, 1774)
* ''Margarites erythrocoma'' Dall, 1889: synonym of '' Pseudostomatella erythrocoma'' (Dall, 1889)
* ''Margarites euspira'' (Dall, 1881):Falsimargarita gemma
''Falsimargarita gemma'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae.
Description
(Original description by Edgar E. Smith) The size of the shell varies between 12 mm and 25 mm. The thin, turb ...
'' (E.A. Smith, 1915)
* ''Margarites glauca'' Möller, H.P.C., 1842: synonym of '' Margarites olivaceus'' (Brown, 1827)
* ''Margarites grosvenori'' Dall, 1926: synonym of '' Margarites olivaceus'' (Brown, 1827)
* ''Margarites hypolispus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''Margarites vahlii'' (Møller, 1842)
* ''Margarites impervia'' Strebel, 1908: synonym of '' Lissotesta impervia'' (Strebel, 1908)
* ''Margarites johnsoni'' Dall, W.H., 1921: synonym of '' Margarites vahlii'' (Møller, 1842)
* ''Margarites kamchaticus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''Margarites schantaricus'' (Middendorff, 1849)
* ''Margarites kurilensis'' Golikov & Gulbin, 1978: synonym of ''Margarites groenlandicus kurilensis'' Golikov & Gulbin, 1978
* ''Margarites margaritiferus'' Okutani, 1964: synonym of '' Solariella margaritifera'' (Okutani, 1964)
* ''Margarites marginatus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''Margarites olivaceus marginatus'' Dall, 1919
* ''Margarites mighelsi'' Rehder, H.A., 1937: synonym of '' Margarites vahlii'' (Møller, 1842)
* ''Margarites minima'' Seguenza, 1876: synonym of '' Lissotesta minima'' (Seguenza, 1876)
* ''Margarites ochotensis'' (Philippi, 1846): synonym of '' Margarites schantaricus'' (Middendorff, 1849)
* ''Margarites pauperculus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of '' Solariella varicosa'' (Mighels & Adams, 1842)
* ''Margarites pruinosa'' Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885: synonym of '' Margarella pruinosa'' (Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885)
* ''Margarites regalis'' Verrill & Smith, 1880: synonym of '' Calliotropis regalis'' (Verrill & Smith, 1880)
* ''Margarites rudis'' Dall, 1919: synonym of '' Margarites costalis'' (Gould, 1841)
* ''Margarites shannonicus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''Margarites striatus'' (Leach, 1841)
* ''Margarites striata striata'' Galkin, Y.I., 1955: synonym of '' Margarites costalis'' (Gould, 1841)
* ''Margarites umbilicalis'' Broderip & Sowerby, 1829: synonym of ''Margarites groenlandicus umbilicalis'' Broderip & Sowerby, 1829
* ''Margarites undulatus'' (G.B. Sowerby, I, 1838): synonym of ''Margarites groenlandicus'' (Gmelin, 1791)
* ''Margarites violacea'' King & Broderip, 1832: synonym of '' Margarella violacea'' (King & Broderip, 1832)
* ''Margarites vorticifer'' (Dall, 1873): synonym of '' Margarites vorticiferus'' (Dall, 1873)
* ''Margarites wacei'' Melvill & Standen, 1918: synonym of '' Margarella wacei'' (Melvill & Standen, 1918)
; Nomina dubia :
* ''Margarites multilineatus'' DeKay, 1843
* ''Margarites ornatus'' (De Kay, 1843)
* ''Margarites sigaretinus'' (Sowerby I, 1838)
References
* Vaught, K.C. (1989). ''A classification of the living Mollusca.'' American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). . XII, 195 pp.
* Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). ''European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification.'' Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
* Spencer, H.; Marshall. B. (2009). ''All Mollusca except Opisthobranchia''. In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp
External links
{{Taxonbar, from=Q3140158
Margaritidae