Margaret Karembu
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Margaret Gathoni Karembu is a Kenyan science educator and science management specialist in the fields of technology transfer and the applications of biotechnology in Africa. She is the Director of the AfriCenter division of the ISAAA, a non-profit international organization that shares agricultural
biotechnology Biotechnology is the integration of natural sciences and engineering sciences in order to achieve the application of organisms, cells, parts thereof and molecular analogues for products and services. The term ''biotechnology'' was first used b ...
, focusing on
genetic engineering Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification or genetic manipulation, is the modification and manipulation of an organism's genes using technology. It is a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including t ...
. She is the chair of the Open Forum on Agricultural Biotechnology Programming Committee, Kenya Chapter. Her responsibilities at the ISAAA include planning and managing all aspects of the AfriCenter programmes that include the transfer of agri-biotechnologies between industrialised and developing countries. She is also involved in the spreading of information on modern agricultural biotechnology to encourage informed decisions about contentious issues such as GMO's. She previously served as Council chair and vice-chair of the Cooperative University College of Kenya and
Meru University of Science and Technology Meru University of Science and Technology (or MUST) is a public university in Tigania West Constituency Meru, Kenya Meru is a town in eastern Kenya. It is the headquarters of the Meru County, and the seventh largest urban centre in the country. ...
respectively. In December 2000, her project, involving the evaluation and transfer of tissue culture banana technology, was awarded the First Research Medal in the Global Development Network (GDN) awards for ‘Science and Technology for Development’ sponsored by the Government of
Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
and the
World Bank The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects. The World Bank is the collective name for the Interna ...
.


Education and career

From 1992 to 2002 Karembu was a Senior Lecturer at
Kenyatta University Kenyatta University (KU) is a public research university with its main campus in Nairobi County, Kenya. It acquired the status of university in 1985, being the third university after University of Nairobi (1970) and Moi University (1984). As of O ...
, Kenya. During this time she gained wide experience in technology diffusion research on small-scale agriculture. In 2000 her project involving the evaluation and transfer of tissue culture banana technology to the benefit of more than 5,000 farmers in East Africa was awarded the First Research Medal in the Global Development Network (GDN) awards for ‘Science and Technology for Development’ sponsored by the Government of Japan and the World Bank. In 2002 she was awarded a PhD in Environmental Science Education with a thesis entitled: ''"Contribution of Primary schools towards Environmental Enhancement in Kenya. The case of Kiambu District."''. In 2003 she joined the ISAAA. In 2008 she completed the Science, Technology and Innovation Policy Course at Kennedy School of Executive Education,
Harvard University Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of higher le ...
. In 2011 she attended the Strategic Leadership and Change Management for Directors of State Corporations at the Kenya Institute of Administration and the
USAID The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government that is primarily responsible for administering civilian foreign aid and development assistance. With a budget of over $27 bi ...
's ''Champions for Change Leadership Course''. In 2015 she attended
Cornell University Cornell University is a private statutory land-grant research university based in Ithaca, New York. It is a member of the Ivy League. Founded in 1865 by Ezra Cornell and Andrew Dickson White, Cornell was founded with the intention to teach an ...
's Alliance for Science - Biotechnology Leadership Course. She coordinates ISAAA's Biotechnology Information Centers in Africa which provide information in English, Swahili and French.


Activism

Karembu has long been an active promotor of biotechnology. In 2001, as a staff member of the Kenyatta University, she was interviewed by
New Scientist ''New Scientist'' is a magazine covering all aspects of science and technology. Based in London, it publishes weekly English-language editions in the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia. An editorially separate organisation publishe ...
magazine regarding the
propaganda Propaganda is communication that is primarily used to influence or persuade an audience to further an agenda, which may not be objective and may be selectively presenting facts to encourage a particular synthesis or perception, or using loaded ...
from certain green organisations about biotechnology in Europe that has led to obstruction of attempts to combat hunger in Africa. "We don't get data, we get opinions," Karembu said in the interview. In 2014 she wrote an opinion piece for the International Food Policy Research Institute published on SciDev.net entitled: ''The problems with the arguments against GM crops'' in which she pointed out that by 2013 more than 18 million farmers (at least 90 per cent of which were small-scale resource-poor farmers in developing countries) had chosen to use
genetically modified crops Genetically modified crops (GM crops) are plants used in agriculture, the DNA of which has been modified using genetic engineering methods. Plant genomes can be engineered by physical methods or by use of ''Agrobacterium'' for the delivery of ...
on more than 175 million hectares of farmland. "New evidence shows that arguments against GM crops are unfounded", says Margaret Karembu. “Contrary to widely held opinion that GM technology will only benefit multi-nationals and is meant for large-scale farmers, the latest trends reveal otherwise.” Karembu has actively promoted low-environmental impact methods, biotechnology sharing and genetically modified organisms as part of her work, by writing papers, presenting at conferences, writing two books for children presenting the case for genetically modified crops and in many interviews. In an interview with ''The Kenya Standard'' she said that "...linkages of GMOs to cancer are misplaced nd... even rural residents who eat traditional foods are succumbing to cancer.... The association of GMOs to cancer is partly caused by faulty studies that attempt to create an association.... It is important for scientific and health experts to come out and clarify these scares." Karembu also sees public-private partnerships as one of the important elements in providing biotechnology to Africa. Karembu presented during the first Global Congress on Scientific Thinking and Action that was held March 17-20, 2021. During ''Session VI: Food Biotechnology'', she said that the voices of African scientists have been overshadowed by those of human rights activists who are opposed to GMOs. She urged that it is important not to over-claim what GMOs can do and choose the right communication platform. The presentation can be found on the
Aspen Institute The Aspen Institute is an international nonprofit organization founded in 1949 as the Aspen Institute for Humanistic Studies. The institute's stated aim is the realization of "a free, just, and equitable society" through seminars, policy programs ...
website.


Selected publications

Karembu has authored or co-authored several books, papers and policy briefs, including: * * * *


See also

*
GMO conspiracy theories GMO conspiracy theories are conspiracy theories related to the production and sale of genetically modified crops and genetically modified food (also referred to as genetically modified organisms or "GMOs"). These conspiracy theories include clai ...


References


External links

*
Publications by Margaret Karembu
at ''Semantic Scholar''
International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications

The Adventures of Mandy and Fanny
- a cartoon book for children about Biotechnology {{DEFAULTSORT:Karembu, Margaret Living people 21st-century Kenyan women scientists 21st-century Kenyan scientists Kenyatta University alumni Year of birth missing (living people)