Marcoussis () is a
commune
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to:
Administrative-territorial entities
* Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township
** Communes of ...
in the southern suburbs of
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
,
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
. It is located from the
center of Paris.
Marcoussis is the location of the CNR (National Centre of Rugby) where the
French national rugby union team
The France national rugby union team () represents France in men's international rugby union and it is administered by the French Rugby Federation. They traditionally play in blue shirts emblazoned with the national emblem of a golden rooster ...
prepare for international competitions. It is at the CNR that the
Linas-Marcoussis Agreement was signed in January 2003 between belligerents in the
Ivorian Civil War.
A market village until the 1960s, Marcoussis supplied the markets of
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
with
tomato
The tomato is the edible berry of the plant ''Solanum lycopersicum'', commonly known as the tomato plant. The species originated in western South America, Mexico, and Central America. The Mexican Nahuatl word gave rise to the Spanish word ...
es and
strawberries
The garden strawberry (or simply strawberry; ''Fragaria × ananassa'') is a widely grown hybrid species of the genus '' Fragaria'', collectively known as the strawberries, which are cultivated worldwide for their fruit. The fruit is widely ap ...
. A small train route, the
Arpajonnais, inaugurated in 1894, took food at 4am every morning, it ceased functioning in 1937.
Geography
Marcoussis is located to the south of
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
, between
trunk road RN20, in the east and
Autoroute A10 to the west and trunk road RN104 called the
Francilienne
The Francilienne () is a partially completed ring road in Île-de-France (the ''région'' that includes Paris), France, lying outside the A86.
The planned ring road is approximately in diameter, similar in size to London's M25 motorway. Start ...
to the south. It is crossed by the RN446, and a small river of the
Orge
The Orge () is a long river in France, left tributary of the Seine. Its source is in the village Saint-Martin-de-Bréthencourt. Its course crosses the '' départements'' of Yvelines and Essonne. It flows northwest through the towns of Dourdan, ...
, called Sallemouille (previously called Gadanine).
Neighboring communes
*
Linas Linas is a Lithuanian male given name. It is the Lithuanian form of the name Linus, which derives from the Greek for "flax". The female equivalent is Lina. Linas may refer to:
People
*Linas Adomaitis (born 1976), Lithuanian musician
*Linas Alsenas ...
;
*
Montlhéry
Montlhéry () is a Communes of France, commune in the Essonne Departments of France, department in Île-de-France in northern France. It is located from Paris.
History
Montlhéry lay on the strategically important road from Paris to Orléans. U ...
;
*
Nozay;
*
Saint-Jean-de-Beauregard
Saint-Jean-de-Beauregard () is a commune in the Essonne department in Île-de-France in northern France.
Inhabitants of Saint-Jean-de-Beauregard are known as ''Bellinagardinois''.
See also
*Communes of the Essonne department
The following is ...
;
*
La Ville-du-Bois
La Ville-du-Bois () is a Communes of France, commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the Kilometre Zero, center of Paris.
Population
Inhabitants of La Ville-du-Bois are known as ''Urbisylvains'' in French.
Notable ...
;
*
Ollainville;
*
Fontenay;
*
Janvry;
*
Les Ulis
Les Ulis () is a commune in the Essonne department located in the southwestern suburbs (banlieue) of Paris, France. It is from the centre of Paris.
Location
Les Ulis is a new town located in the Île-de-France, in the south-west of the P ...
;
*
Villejust
Villejust () is a commune in the Essonne department in Île-de-France in northern France.
Inhabitants of Villejust are known as ''Villejustiens''.
See also
*Communes of the Essonne department
The following is a list of the 194 communes of t ...
.
Population
Inhabitants
Domicile is relevant to an individual's "personal law," which includes the law that governs a person's status and their property. It is independent of a person's nationality. Although a domicile may change from time to time, a person has only one ...
are officially called the ''Marcoussissiens'' in French or according to other sources are called the ''Marcoussiens''.
List of successive mayors
*March 1977- March 1983, Jean Montaru - socialist party
*March 1983- May 1986, M Jean Montaru (décédé during the course of mandate) - socialist party
*June 1986- March 1989, Marc Nogues - socialist party
*March 1989- March 1995 Daniel Hochet - centre-right
*March 1995- January 2003 Eric Cochard - socialist party
*January 2003- 2014 Olivier Thomas - socialist party, councillor of Île-de-France region
History
![Antoine Chintreuil - Landschaft bei Marcoussis - 2753 - Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Antoine_Chintreuil_-_Landschaft_bei_Marcoussis_-_2753_-_Staatliche_Kunsthalle_Karlsruhe.jpg)
Very old traces of occupation exist, in particular a polishing machine found on the southern slope of the valley. The village really started to develop around the priory of Wandrille Saint, depending on the
Abbey of Saint-Wandrille
Fontenelle Abbey or the Abbey of St. Wandrille is a Benedictine monastery in the commune of Rives-en-Seine. It was founded in 649 near Caudebec-en-Caux in Seine-Maritime, Normandy, France.
First foundation
It was founded by Wandregisel or S ...
. In 854, a charter of
Charles the Bald
Charles the Bald (french: Charles le Chauve; 13 June 823 – 6 October 877), also known as Charles II, was a 9th-century king of West Francia (843–877), king of Italy (875–877) and emperor of the Carolingian Empire (875–877). After a ser ...
mentions Marcoussis. Initially, it would only be absolutely necessary for one vineyard at Bution, near to
Arpajon
Arpajon () is a commune in the Essonne department in the Île-de-France region of northern France.
The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Arpajonnais'' or ''Arpajonnaises''.
The commune has been awarded three flowers by the ''National C ...
. The monks losing Bution settled in Marcoussis at the beginning of the 12th century. The absence of records prevents an exact description of what was the priory at the time. It is known only that in 1298, there remained only one monk and that the village had 120 inhabitants. Célestins arrived at the beginning of the 15th century, and absorbed the possessions of the old ruined priory. But the history of Marcoussis also includes the construction desired by
Jean de Montagu in 1404–1408. Minister of Finance for
Charles VI of France
Charles VI (3 December 136821 October 1422), nicknamed the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé) and later the Mad (french: le Fol or ''le Fou''), was King of France from 1380 until his death in 1422. He is known for his mental illness and psychotic ...
he built his castle here (of which only the base and a tower remains, known as the Oubliettes), the convent of Célestins (remains of the cellars and a portion of the gate) and ordered the rebuilding of the village church. The church shelters a superb marble statue of the
Virgin Mary
Mary; arc, ܡܪܝܡ, translit=Mariam; ar, مريم, translit=Maryam; grc, Μαρία, translit=María; la, Maria; cop, Ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ, translit=Maria was a first-century Jewish woman of Nazareth, the wife of Joseph and the mother o ...
donated by
Jean de Berry
John of Berry or John the Magnificent ( French: ''Jean de Berry'', ; 30 November 1340 – 15 June 1416) was Duke of Berry and Auvergne and Count of Poitiers and Montpensier. He was Regent of France during the minority of his nephew 1380-1388 ...
to the convent of Célestins. The kings came to hunt at Marcoussis and there remains the royal house built under
Louis XV
Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reache ...
. There was a
commandry
In the Middle Ages, a commandery (rarely commandry) was the smallest administrative division of the European landed properties of a military order. It was also the name of the house where the knights of the commandery lived.Anthony Luttrell and G ...
of the order of Saint Jean of Jerusalem from the 13th century (Brother Baudoyn commander of the "meson of the flood" in 1290); a vault is still visible. On the plateau close to
Nozay, an important establishment of '' Alcatel'' shelters research laboratories.
Recent times
Since 2002, the field of Bellejame in the east of the commune, abandoned for decades, saw the building of the CNR (National Centre of Rugby), where the French team trains.
The
Kleber Accords were signed at the CNR in January 2003 between the government of
Côte d'Ivoire
Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a country on the southern coast of West Africa. Its capital is Yamoussoukro, in the centre of the country, while its largest city and economic centre is ...
and the rebels of North.
On 29 July 2007, for the first time, the town was the departure for the 20th stage of the
2007 Tour de France
The 2007 Tour de France the 94th running of the race, took place from 7 to 29 July. The Tour began with a prologue in London, and ended with the traditional finish in Paris. Along the way, the route also passed through Belgium and Spain. It was ...
.
Notable people
*
Catherine Henriette de Balzac d'Entragues
Catherine Henriette de Balzac d'Entragues, Marquise de Verneuil (1579–1633) was the favourite mistress of Henry IV of France after Gabrielle d'Estrées died: her sister Marie-Charlotte de Balzac d’Entragues was also a mistress of the king. ...
, was the daughter of the Lord of Marcoussis, François de Balzac d' Entragues, she was the mistress of
Henry IV of France
Henry IV (french: Henri IV; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithets Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610. He was the first monarc ...
, who had promised marriage to her.
*
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau (, ; 28 June 1712 – 2 July 1778) was a Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer. His political philosophy influenced the progress of the Age of Enlightenment throughout Europe, as well as aspects of the French Revolu ...
spent a few days in Marcoussis in 1750–1751 about which he speaks in the Confessions
*
Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot
Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot ( , , ; July 16, 1796 – February 22, 1875), or simply Camille Corot, is a French landscape and portrait painter as well as a printmaker in etching. He is a pivotal figure in landscape painting and his vast ...
regularly travelled to Marcoussis to visit fellow artist
Ernest-Joachim Dumax, including in the summers of 1855, 1857, and 1867. Hi
''La Charrette, souvenir de Marcoussis''is at the
Musée d'Orsay
The Musée d'Orsay ( , , ) ( en, Orsay Museum) is a museum in Paris, France, on the Left Bank of the Seine. It is housed in the former Gare d'Orsay, a Beaux-Arts railway station built between 1898 and 1900. The museum holds mainly French art ...
.
*
Victor Adolphe Malte-Brun, geographer, died in his property at Marcoussis, in the street which bears his name today.
*
Louis Marcoussis
Louis Marcoussis, formerly Ludwik Kazimierz Wladyslaw Markus or Ludwig Casimir Ladislas Markus, (1878 or 1883, Łódź – October 22, 1941, Cusset) was a painter and engraver of Polish origin who lived in Paris for much of his life and became ...
, painter of Polish extraction, gallicized his name ''Markus'' to Marcoussis on the advice of his friend,
Guillaume Apollinaire
Guillaume Apollinaire) of the Wąż coat of arms. (; 26 August 1880 – 9 November 1918) was a French poet, playwright, short story writer, novelist, and art critic of Polish descent.
Apollinaire is considered one of the foremost poets of the ...
.
*
Count Aymar de la Baume Pluvinel, astronomer, member of the Academy of Sciences, pioneer of the photography of the celestial bodies.
*
Ib Braase, Danish modern artist and sculptor who lived and worked here from 1968 until his death in 2009.
*
Léo Roussel, racing driver, was born in Marcoussis.
Transport
Marcoussis is served by no station of the Paris Métro, RER, or suburban rail network. The closest station to Marcoussis is
Saint-Michel-sur-Orge
Saint-Michel-sur-Orge (, literally ''Saint-Michel on Orge'') is a commune in the Essonne ''département'' of France. It is in the southern suburbs of Paris, from the center of Paris.
Inhabitants of Saint-Michel-sur-Orge are known as ''Saint-M ...
station on Paris
RER line . This station is located in the commune of
Saint-Michel-sur-Orge
Saint-Michel-sur-Orge (, literally ''Saint-Michel on Orge'') is a commune in the Essonne ''département'' of France. It is in the southern suburbs of Paris, from the center of Paris.
Inhabitants of Saint-Michel-sur-Orge are known as ''Saint-M ...
, 5.7 km (3.5 mi) from the town center of Marcoussis.
Events
The strawberry festival continues although the mass growing of strawberries disappeared at the start of the 1980s, whereas it was formerly produced locally in great quantity.
Bineau carnival
Each year in spring, the carnival of Bineau fills the streets of the village. This carnival is, according to certain sources, dedicated to the minister
Jean-Martial Bineau
Jean-Martial Bineau (18 May 1805 – 8 September 1855) was a French engineer and politician who promoted the early development of railways in France.
He was Minister of Public Works during the French Second Republic, and served as Minister of Fina ...
(1805–1855) who under
Napoleon III
Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 18089 January 1873) was the first President of France (as Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte) from 1848 to 1852 and the last monarch of France as Emperor of the French from 1852 to 1870. A nephew ...
, took unpopular measures by decreasing the spending of State. The carnival takes place in the following towns:
Arpajon
Arpajon () is a commune in the Essonne department in the Île-de-France region of northern France.
The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Arpajonnais'' or ''Arpajonnaises''.
The commune has been awarded three flowers by the ''National C ...
,
Leuville-on-Barley,
Nozay,
City-of-Wood. Marcoussis is not in the official procession of floats and majorettes, but has a festival organised by its citizens. A covered puppet in black trousers and a
tail coat
A tailcoat is a knee-length coat characterised by a rear section of the skirt, known as the ''tails'', with the front of the skirt cut away.
The tailcoat shares its historical origins in clothes cut for convenient horse riding in the Early Mode ...
, capped with a hat
top hat
A top hat (also called a high hat, a cylinder hat, or, informally, a topper) is a tall, flat-crowned hat for men traditionally associated with formal wear in Western dress codes, meaning white tie, morning dress, or frock coat. Traditionally m ...
, and girds of a tricolour scarf is carried by the young people who are 18 years that year (formerly conscripts, nowadays boys and girls) dressed in the same costume. They are followed by the dressed up tanks and inhabitants. For certain groups the preparation for "' 'Bineau' '" lasts several months (choice of the theme, of the costumes and construction of the float which is drawn by a tractor). For the last ten years several groups are mobilized to make this festival a success. The procession starts at around 3pm, crosses the town by the main street from east to west to finish in place de la Republique, at dusk. Along the way, several stops take place among the houses of people who liberally offer drink to those in the procession. Bineau is placed at the top of a large heap of straw, piled-up over previous days, and set alight. The crowd forms a large farandole around fire, until it goes out. It is one of the great moments of the life of the commune, where the joy and good mood reign as Masters, and which many Marcoussisiens would not miss under any pretext.
Cultural heritage
File:Marcoussis eglise vierge.jpg,
File:Marcoussis chateau Montagu.jpg,
File:Marcoussis etang du Gue.jpg,
File:France IdF Essonne Marcoussis 01.jpg,
File:Indicateur SG 1926 - 10 - Paris - Arpajon.JPG, Itinerary of the Arpajonnais, during summer 1926: Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
- Arpajon
Arpajon () is a commune in the Essonne department in the Île-de-France region of northern France.
The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Arpajonnais'' or ''Arpajonnaises''.
The commune has been awarded three flowers by the ''National C ...
and Marcoussis
Parish church
The parish church Sainte-Marie-Madeleine was built by
Jean de Montagu at the same time as its castle at the beginning of the 15th century, it is registered on the additional inventory of historic buildings by decree of December 17, 1965. The
nave
The nave () is the central part of a church, stretching from the (normally western) main entrance or rear wall, to the transepts, or in a church without transepts, to the chancel. When a church contains side aisles, as in a basilica-type ...
with three spans was built in the middle of 16th century by Jeanne d' Amboise, daughter of the amiral de Graville whose armorial bearings decorate the key of central crossing. One can admire inside the church a Virgin with the Child in
marble
Marble is a metamorphic rock composed of recrystallized carbonate minerals, most commonly calcite or Dolomite (mineral), dolomite. Marble is typically not Foliation (geology), foliated (layered), although there are exceptions. In geology, the ...
of
Carrara
Carrara ( , ; , ) is a city and ''comune'' in Tuscany, in central Italy, of the province of Massa and Carrara, and notable for the white or blue-grey marble quarried there. It is on the Carrione River, some Boxing the compass, west-northwest o ...
, of 2 meters height, œuvre of Jean de Cambrai for
Duke of Berry
Duke of Berry (french: Duc de Berry) or Duchess of Berry (french: Duchesse de Berry) was a title in the Peerage of France. The Duchy of Berry, centred on Bourges, was originally created as an appanage for junior members of the French royal family ...
who made of it gift with the monastery of Célestins in 1408, it was classified as a historic building as of 1896. The frontage is of style
Gothic architecture
Gothic architecture (or pointed architecture) is an architectural style that was prevalent in Europe from the late 12th to the 16th century, during the High and Late Middle Ages, surviving into the 17th and 18th centuries in some areas. It e ...
blazing, the door is sumontée of a contour in accordance, the stained glass with the top of the door of entry represents the armorial bearings of the lords of Marcoussis: Montagu, Graville, Balzac and Iliers d' Entragues and Esclignac.
Vestiges of the castle of Montagu
Was given to ''the orphans apprentices of Auteuil'' in 1940, by Genevieve de la Baume-Pluvinel, as well as the grounds and the modern castle, with the proviso of making it a school of horticulture which would bear the name of Saint-Anthony in homage to her brother who died at 18 years of age during the
First World War
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
. What remains today and is protected:
* the tower of the chatelet of entry,
* the tower of the oubliettes and grounds with levelling of the castle, classified with the title of historic buildings by a state decree of July 9, 1984,
* arched cellars, registered on the additional Inventory of Historic Buildings by a decree of 21 December 1984.
Castle of Célestins
Owned by the commune and currently housing the school of Arts, built in 1859 on the site of the convent dedicated to the Holy Trinity which had been completed in 1408 and occupied by Célestins. The convent was set on fire at the time of the Wars of Religion then demolished at the start of the French Revolution.
Remains of the Castle of Bellejame
The castle was destroyed by fire in 1976 and the adjoining park now has the National Center of Rugby in its northern section. In the southern section, the park is managed by the general council of Essonne and has:
* The refrigerator which was used to store the ice recovered from nearby waters
* An arched source and;
* The remains of a
hydraulic ram
A hydraulic ram, or hydram, is a cyclic water pump powered by hydropower. It takes in water at one "hydraulic head" (pressure) and flow rate, and outputs water at a higher hydraulic head and lower flow rate. The device uses the water hammer ef ...
.
Old Bailiwick
This building is now used as leisure centre, it was built in the last quarter of the 18th century. Municipal property, indexed but not protected by the historic buildings decree.
Old Commandry of the Deluge
Ferme générale
The ''ferme générale'' (, "general farm") was, in ''ancien régime'' France, essentially an outsourced customs, excise and indirect tax operation. It collected duties on behalf of the King (plus hefty bonus fees for themselves), under renewable ...
of the Deluge, including the vestiges of a vault dedicated to
John the Baptist
John the Baptist or , , or , ;Wetterau, Bruce. ''World history''. New York: Henry Holt and Company. 1994. syc, ܝܘܿܚܲܢܵܢ ܡܲܥܡܕ݂ܵܢܵܐ, Yoḥanān Maʿmḏānā; he, יוחנן המטביל, Yohanān HaMatbil; la, Ioannes Bapti ...
, dating from the 12th century and partially rebuilt in the fourteenth and seventeenth centuries. It is the only vestige of the time when it belonged to the
Order of the Templars, before it passed into the hands of the
Order of Malta
The Sovereign Military Order of Malta (SMOM), officially the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta ( it, Sovrano Militare Ordine Ospedaliero di San Giovanni di Gerusalemme, di Rodi e di Malta; ...
, it was then joined together in Saint-Jean-de-Latran in Paris. Private property, it is listed by the historic buildings decree but not protected.
Castles and other residences
* House of the King: It was built under the reign of
Louis XV
Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reache ...
to be used for royal hunts. It is now a private property, partially classified as a historic building by a decree of 26 November 1968 (protection of façades and roofs).
* Château du Bel-Ebat: Located on the plate, it was rebuilt in the 19th century, it is a private residence.
* Château of the Round Oak: Property of the Ministry for the Navy since 1946, it housed a radar research laboratory. Amongst other things the research covered applications on the development of the
Nançay
Nançay () is a commune in the Cher department in central France.
Geography
The village is located south of the Sologne and northeast of Vierzon. The Rère flows southwest through the middle of the commune.
History
Its name comes from Nanciaco ...
radio telescope
A radio telescope is a specialized antenna and radio receiver used to detect radio waves from astronomical radio sources in the sky. Radio telescopes are the main observing instrument used in radio astronomy, which studies the radio frequency ...
.
* Castle of the Deluge: Located behind the old commandery, it was built in 1857; now private property.
* Field of Brambles: located more than from the centre of the village, it belongs to the commune of
Bourg-la-Reine
Bourg-la-Reine () is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris.
History
In 1792, during the French Revolution, Bourg-la-Reine (meaning "Town of the Queen") was renamed Bourg-l'Égalité (meani ...
, which transformed it into a holiday centre, it is now abandoned.
* Ferme de l'Hôtel-Dieu: remarkable for its frame "to
Philibert Delorme
Philibert de l'Orme () (3-9 June 1514 – 8 January 1570) was a French architect and writer, and one of the great masters of French Renaissance architecture. His surname is also written De l'Orme, de L'Orme, or Delorme.
Biography
Early care ...
" dating from the beginning of the 19th century, it is located in rue de Voltaire in the Gue district.
Twin towns
* -
Waldsassen
Waldsassen ( Northern Bavarian: ''Woidsassen'') is a town in the district of Tirschenreuth in the Upper Palatinate region of Bavaria.
Geography
Waldsassen is the northernmost municipality of the Upper Palatinate region. In the northeast, it border ...
town of 7,483 inhabitants located in
Bavaria
Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total lan ...
(
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
) - twinned since 1970.
* -
Bérégadougou, village of 8,000 inhabitants located in the province of
Comoé in the south of
Burkina Faso
Burkina Faso (, ; , ff, 𞤄𞤵𞤪𞤳𞤭𞤲𞤢 𞤊𞤢𞤧𞤮, italic=no) is a landlocked country in West Africa with an area of , bordered by Mali to the northwest, Niger to the northeast, Benin to the southeast, Togo and Ghana to the ...
(
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...
) - twinned since 1998.
* -
Mariánské Lázně
Mariánské Lázně (; german: Marienbad) is a spa town in Cheb District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 12,000 inhabitants. Most of the town's buildings come from its Golden Era in the second half of the 19th centu ...
or Marianské Lazné (ex Marienbad in German), in
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...
, town of 14,300 inhabitants was twinned to Marcoussis by ''a pact of international friendship'' in 1995 which led to an oath of twinning in May 2005 and the official signature of twinning on 23 September 2006.
* -
Newton Stewart
Newton Stewart ( Gd: ''Baile Ùr nan Stiùbhartach'') is a former burgh town in the historical county of Wigtownshire in Dumfries and Galloway, southwest Scotland.
The town is on the River Cree with most of the town to the west of the river, and ...
- Newton stewart is paired with Marcoussis since 2013.
Tour de France
In
2007
File:2007 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Steve Jobs unveils Apple's first iPhone; TAM Airlines Flight 3054 overruns a runway and crashes into a gas station, killing almost 200 people; Former Pakistani Prime Minister of Pakistan, Pr ...
, Marcoussis was the start of the final stage of the
Tour de France
The Tour de France () is an annual men's multiple-stage bicycle race primarily held in France, while also occasionally passing through nearby countries. Like the other Grand Tours (the Giro d'Italia and the Vuelta a España), it consists ...
. The stage was long and finished with eight laps of the
traditional circuit around the
Champs-Élysées
The Avenue des Champs-Élysées (, ; ) is an avenue in the 8th arrondissement of Paris, France, long and wide, running between the Place de la Concorde in the east and the Place Charles de Gaulle in the west, where the Arc de Triomphe is lo ...
.
See also
*
Communes of the Essonne department
The following is a list of the 194 communes of the Essonne department of France.
The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):[Marmousets
The marmousets (referred to as ''les petites gens'') is a nickname, first recorded in the chronicles of Jean Froissart, for a group of counselors to Charles VI of France. Although they were neither princes nor civil servants, they were very clos ...]
References
External links
Town's official website
Website on the Baume Pluvine family, the last owners of the Château de Montagu and the house ofSaint-AntoineSome photos from the Bineau carnival in 2007*
Mayors of Essonne Association
{{Authority control
Communes of Essonne