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Pre-1600

* 106 – Start of the
Bostran era The Bostran era (also called the era of Bostra, the Arabian era or provincial era) was a calendar era (year numbering) with an epoch (start date) corresponding to 22March 106 AD. It was the official era of the Roman province of Arabia Petraea, int ...
, the calendar of the province of
Arabia Petraea Arabia Petraea or Petrea, also known as Rome's Arabian Province ( la, Provincia Arabia; ar, العربية البترائية; grc, Ἐπαρχία Πετραίας Ἀραβίας) or simply Arabia, was a frontier province of the Roman Emp ...
. * 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the
Crisis of the Third Century The Crisis of the Third Century, also known as the Military Anarchy or the Imperial Crisis (AD 235–284), was a period in which the Roman Empire nearly collapsed. The crisis ended due to the military victories of Aurelian and with the ascensio ...
. * 871Æthelred of Wessex is defeated by a Danish invasion army at the Battle of Marton. *
1185 Year 1185 ( MCLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * August – King William II (the Good) lands in Epirus with a Siculo-Nor ...
Battle of Yashima Battle of Yashima (屋島の戦い) was one of the battles of the Genpei War on March 22, 1185 in the Heian period. It occurred in Sanuki Province (Shikoku) which is now Takamatsu, Kagawa. Background Following a long string of defeats, the Tai ...
: the Japanese forces of the Taira clan are defeated by the
Minamoto clan was one of the surnames bestowed by the Emperors of Japan upon members of the imperial family who were excluded from the line of succession and demoted into the ranks of the nobility from 1192 to 1333. The practice was most prevalent during th ...
. *
1312 Year 1312 ( MCCCXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * June 15 – Battle of Rozgony: Hungarian forces led by King Charles I defeat the f ...
– '' Vox in excelso'':
Pope Clement V Pope Clement V ( la, Clemens Quintus; c. 1264 – 20 April 1314), born Raymond Bertrand de Got (also occasionally spelled ''de Guoth'' and ''de Goth''), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 5 June 1305 to his de ...
dissolves the Order of the Knights Templar. * 1508Ferdinand II of Aragon commissions Amerigo Vespucci chief navigator of the
Spanish Empire The Spanish Empire ( es, link=no, Imperio español), also known as the Hispanic Monarchy ( es, link=no, Monarquía Hispánica) or the Catholic Monarchy ( es, link=no, Monarquía Católica) was a colonial empire governed by Spain and its prede ...
.


1601–1900

*
1621 Events January–March * January 12 – Şehzade Mehmed, the 15-year old half-brother of Ottoman Sultan Osman II, is put to death by hanging on Osman's orders. Before dying, Mehmed prays aloud that Osman's reign as Sultan be rui ...
– The Pilgrims of
Plymouth Colony Plymouth Colony (sometimes Plimouth) was, from 1620 to 1691, the first permanent English colony in New England and the second permanent English colony in North America, after the Jamestown Colony. It was first settled by the passengers on the ...
sign a peace treaty with
Massasoit Massasoit Sachem () or Ousamequin (c. 15811661)"Native People" (page), "Massasoit (Ousamequin) Sachem" (section),''MayflowerFamilies.com'', web pag was the sachem or leader of the Wampanoag confederacy. ''Massasoit'' means ''Great Sachem''. Mas ...
of the
Wampanoags The Wampanoag , also rendered Wôpanâak, are an Indigenous people of the Northeastern Woodlands based in southeastern Massachusetts and historically parts of eastern Rhode Island,Salwen, "Indians of Southern New England and Long Island," p. ...
. *
1622 Events January–May * January 7 – The Holy Roman Empire and Transylvania sign the Peace of Nikolsburg. * February 8 – King James I of England dissolves the English Parliament. * March 12 – Ignatius of Loy ...
Jamestown massacre: Algonquians kill 347 English settlers around Jamestown, Virginia, a third of the colony's population, during the Second Anglo-Powhatan War. *
1631 Events January–March * January 23 – Thirty Years' War: Sweden and France sign the Treaty of Bärwalde, a military alliance in which France provides funds for the Swedish army invading northern Germany. * February 5 &ndash ...
– The Massachusetts Bay Colony outlaws the possession of cards, dice, and gaming tables. * 1638
Anne Hutchinson Anne Hutchinson (née Marbury; July 1591 – August 1643) was a Puritan spiritual advisor, religious reformer, and an important participant in the Antinomian Controversy which shook the infant Massachusetts Bay Colony from 1636 to 1638. Her ...
is expelled from Massachusetts Bay Colony for religious dissent. *
1739 Events January–March * January 1 – Bouvet Island is discovered by French explorer Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier, in the South Atlantic Ocean. * January 3: A 7.6 earthquake shakes the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region ...
Nader Shah occupies
Delhi Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, primarily its western or right bank, Delhi shares borders ...
in India and sacks the city, stealing the jewels of the
Peacock Throne The Peacock Throne ( Hindustani: ''Mayūrāsana'', Sanskrit: मयूरासन, Urdu: تخت طاؤس, fa, تخت طاووس, ''Takht-i Tāvūs'') was a famous jewelled throne that was the seat of the emperors of the Mughal Empire in India ...
. * 1765 – The
British Parliament The Parliament of the United Kingdom is the supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom, the Crown Dependencies and the British Overseas Territories. It meets at the Palace of Westminster, London. It alone possesses legislative suprem ...
passes the Stamp Act that introduces a tax to be levied directly on its American colonies. *
1784 Events January–March * January 6 – Treaty of Constantinople: The Ottoman Empire agrees to Russia's annexation of the Crimea. * January 14 – The Congress of the United States ratifies the Treaty of Paris with Great Bri ...
– The
Emerald Buddha The Emerald Buddha ( th, พระแก้วมรกต , or ) is an image of the meditating Gautama Buddha seated in a meditative posture, made of a semi-precious green stone (jasper rather than emerald or jade), clothed in gold. and about ...
is moved with great ceremony to its current location in Wat Phra Kaew,
Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is b ...
. *
1794 Events January–March * January 1 – The Stibo Group is founded by Niels Lund as a printing company in Aarhus (Denmark). * January 13 – The U.S. Congress enacts a law providing for, effective May 1, 1795, a United Stat ...
– The
Slave Trade Act of 1794 The Slave Trade Act of 1794 was a law passed by the United States Congress that prohibited American ships from engaging the international slave trade. It was signed into law by President George Washington on March 22, 1794. This was the first of ...
bans the export of slaves from the United States, and prohibits American citizens from outfitting a ship for the purpose of importing slaves. *
1829 Events January–March * January 19 – August Klingemann's adaptation of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's '' Faust'' premieres in Braunschweig. * February 27 – Battle of Tarqui: Troops of Gran Colombia and Peru battle to a draw. * Marc ...
– In the London Protocol, the three protecting powers (
United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...
,
France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...
and
Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eig ...
) establish the borders of
Greece Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkans, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders ...
. *
1849 Events January–March * January 1 – France begins issue of the Ceres series, the nation's first postage stamps. * January 5 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, enters in th ...
– The
Austrians , pop = 8–8.5 million , regions = 7,427,759 , region1 = , pop1 = 684,184 , ref1 = , region2 = , pop2 = 345,620 , ref2 = , region3 = , pop3 = 197,990 , ref3 ...
defeat the
Piedmontese Piedmontese (; autonym: or , in it, piemontese) is a language spoken by some 2,000,000 people mostly in Piedmont, northwestern region of Italy. Although considered by most linguists a separate language, in Italy it is often mistakenly reg ...
at the Battle of Novara. * 1871 – In
North Carolina North Carolina () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the 28th largest and 9th-most populous of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Georgia and ...
, William Woods Holden becomes the first
governor A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...
of a U.S. state to be removed from office by impeachment. *
1873 Events January–March * January 1 ** Japan adopts the Gregorian calendar. ** The California Penal Code goes into effect. * January 17 – American Indian Wars: Modoc War: First Battle of the Stronghold – Modoc Indians defe ...
– The Spanish National Assembly abolishes slavery in Puerto Rico. *
1894 Events January–March * January 4 – A military alliance is established between the French Third Republic and the Russian Empire. * January 7 – William Kennedy Dickson receives a patent for motion picture film in the United S ...
– The Stanley Cup ice hockey competition is held for the first time, in Montreal, Canada. *
1895 Events January–March * January 5 – Dreyfus affair: French officer Alfred Dreyfus is stripped of his army rank, and sentenced to life imprisonment on Devil's Island. * January 12 – The National Trust for Places of Histor ...
– Before the Société pour L'Encouragement à l'Industrie, brothers Auguste and Louis Lumière demonstrate movie film technology publicly for the first time. *
1896 Events January–March * January 2 – The Jameson Raid comes to an end, as Jameson surrenders to the Boers. * January 4 – Utah is admitted as the 45th U.S. state. * January 5 – An Austrian newspaper reports that ...
Charilaos Vasilakos Charilaos Vasilakos ( el, Χαρίλαος Βασιλάκος, November 1875 – December 1, 1964) was a Greek athlete and the first man to win a marathon race. He also won a silver medal at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens. Biography Vasila ...
wins the first modern Olympic marathon race with a time of three hours and 18 minutes.


1901–present

*
1906 Events January–February * January 12 – Persian Constitutional Revolution: A nationalistic coalition of merchants, religious leaders and intellectuals in Persia forces the shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar to grant a constitution, ...
– The first
England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe b ...
vs
France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...
rugby union match is played at Parc des Princes in
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...
. *
1913 Events January * January 5 – First Balkan War: Battle of Lemnos – Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it will not venture for the rest of the ...
– Mystic Phan Xích Long, the self-proclaimed Emperor of Vietnam, is arrested for organising a revolt against the colonial rule of French Indochina, which was nevertheless carried out by his supporters the following day. *
1916 Events Below, the events of the First World War have the "WWI" prefix. January * January 1 – The British Royal Army Medical Corps carries out the first successful blood transfusion, using blood that had been stored and cooled. * J ...
Yuan Shikai abdicates as
Emperor of China ''Huangdi'' (), translated into English as Emperor, was the superlative title held by monarchs of China who ruled various imperial regimes in Chinese history. In traditional Chinese political theory, the emperor was considered the Son of Heav ...
, restoring the Republic and returning to the
Presidency A presidency is an administration or the executive, the collective administrative and governmental entity that exists around an office of president of a state or nation. Although often the executive branch of government, and often personified b ...
. * 1920Azeri and Turkish army soldiers with participation of
Kurdish Kurdish may refer to: *Kurds or Kurdish people *Kurdish languages *Kurdish alphabets *Kurdistan, the land of the Kurdish people which includes: **Southern Kurdistan **Eastern Kurdistan **Northern Kurdistan **Western Kurdistan See also * Kurd (dis ...
gangs attack the
Armenian Armenian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Armenia, a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia * Armenians, the national people of Armenia, or people of Armenian descent ** Armenian Diaspora, Armenian communities across the ...
inhabitants of Shushi ( Nagorno Karabakh). * 1933
Cullen–Harrison Act The Cullen–Harrison Act, named for its sponsors, Senator Pat Harrison and Representative Thomas H. Cullen, enacted by the United States Congress on March 21, 1933, and signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt the following day, legalized the ...
: President
Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt (; ; January 30, 1882April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was an American politician and attorney who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. As the ...
signs an amendment to the Volstead Act, legalizing the manufacture and sale of "3.2 beer" (3.2% alcohol by weight, approximately 4% alcohol by volume) and light wines. * 1933 –
Nazi Germany Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...
opens its first
concentration camp Internment is the imprisonment of people, commonly in large groups, without charges or intent to file charges. The term is especially used for the confinement "of enemy citizens in wartime or of terrorism suspects". Thus, while it can simpl ...
, Dachau. *
1934 Events January–February * January 1 – The International Telecommunication Union, a specialist agency of the League of Nations, is established. * January 15 – The 8.0 Nepal–Bihar earthquake strikes Nepal and Bihar with a maxi ...
– The first Masters Tournament is held at
Augusta National Golf Club Augusta National Golf Club, sometimes referred to as Augusta or the National, is a golf club in Augusta, Georgia, United States. Unlike most private clubs which operate as non-profits, Augusta National is a for-profit corporation, and it does n ...
in
Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to the ...
. * 1939 – Germany takes Memel from Lithuania. *
1942 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Declaration by United Nations is signed by China, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and 22 other nations, in w ...
– World War II: In the Mediterranean Sea, the
Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against ...
confronts Italy's Regia Marina in the Second Battle of Sirte. *
1943 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 ...
– World War II: The entire village of
Khatyn Khatyn ( be, Хаты́нь, Chatyń, ; russian: Хаты́нь, ) was a village of 26 houses and 157 inhabitants in Belarus, in Lahoysk Raion, Minsk Region, 50 km away from Minsk. On 22 March 1943, almost the entire population of the vil ...
(in what is the present-day
Republic of Belarus A republic () is a "state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th ...
) is burnt alive by Schutzmannschaft Battalion 118. *
1945 1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which Nuclear weapon, nuclear weapons Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, have been used in combat. Events Below, ...
– World War II: The city of
Hildesheim Hildesheim (; nds, Hilmessen, Hilmssen; la, Hildesia) is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany with 101,693 inhabitants. It is in the district of Hildesheim, about southeast of Hanover on the banks of the Innerste River, a small tributary of the L ...
,
Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
is heavily damaged in a British air raid, though it had little military significance and Germany was on the verge of final defeat. * 1945 – The Arab League is founded when a charter is adopted in Cairo, Egypt. * 1946 – The United Kingdom grants full independence to Transjordan. * 1960Arthur Leonard Schawlow and Charles Hard Townes receive the first
patent A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an enabling disclosure of the invention."A ...
for a laser. *
1963 Events January * January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Co ...
The Beatles The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960, that comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are regarded as the most influential band of all time and were integral to the developmen ...
release their debut album '' Please Please Me''. *
1972 Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using mean solar tim ...
– The United States Congress sends the Equal Rights Amendment to the states for ratification. * 1972 – In '' Eisenstadt v. Baird'', the
United States Supreme Court The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point o ...
decides that unmarried persons have the right to possess contraceptives. * 1975 – A fire at the
Browns Ferry Nuclear Power Plant The Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant is located on the Tennessee River near Decatur and Athens, Alabama, on the north side (right bank) of Wheeler Lake. The site has three General Electric boiling water reactor (BWR) nuclear generating units and i ...
in
Decatur, Alabama Decatur (dɪˈkeɪtə(r)) is the largest city and county seat of Morgan County (with a portion also in Limestone County) in the U.S. state of Alabama. Nicknamed "The River City", it is located in northern Alabama on the banks of Wheeler La ...
causes a dangerous reduction in cooling water levels. * 1978
Karl Wallenda Karl Wallenda (; January 21, 1905 – March 22, 1978) was a German-American high wire artist and founder of The Flying Wallendas, a daredevil circus act which performed dangerous stunts, often without a safety net. Personal life Wallenda was bor ...
of The Flying Wallendas dies after falling off a tight-rope suspended between two hotels in San Juan, Puerto Rico. * 1982
NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil List of government space agencies, space program ...
's Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' is launched from the
Kennedy Space Center The John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC, originally known as the NASA Launch Operations Center), located on Merritt Island, Florida, is one of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) ten field centers. Since December 1968 ...
on its third mission,
STS-3 STS-3 was NASA's third Space Shuttle mission, and was the third mission for the Space Shuttle ''Columbia''. It launched on March 22, 1982, and landed eight days later on March 30, 1982. The mission, crewed by Jack R. Lousma and C. Gordon Ful ...
. *
1988 File:1988 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The oil platform Piper Alpha explodes and collapses in the North Sea, killing 165 workers; The USS Vincennes (CG-49) mistakenly shoots down Iran Air Flight 655; Australia celebrates its Bicenten ...
– The
United States Congress The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the U.S. Capitol in Washing ...
votes to override President Ronald Reagan's veto of the Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987. * 1992
USAir Flight 405 USAir Flight 405 was a regularly scheduled domestic passenger flight between LaGuardia Airport in Queens, New York City, New York, and Cleveland, Ohio. On March 22, 1992, a USAir Fokker F28, registration flying the route, crashed in poor weat ...
crashes shortly after takeoff from New York City's
LaGuardia Airport LaGuardia Airport is a civil airport in East Elmhurst, Queens, New York City. Covering , the facility was established in 1929 and began operating as a public airport in 1939. It is named after former New York City mayor Fiorello La Guardia ...
, leading to a number of studies into the effect that ice has on aircraft. * 1992 – Fall of communism in Albania: The Democratic Party of Albania wins a decisive majority in the
parliamentary election A general election is a political voting election where generally all or most members of a given political body are chosen. These are usually held for a nation, state, or territory's primary legislative body, and are different from by-elections ( ...
. *
1993 File:1993 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Oslo I Accord is signed in an attempt to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict; The Russian White House is shelled during the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis; Czechoslovakia is peacefu ...
– The Intel Corporation ships the first
Pentium Pentium is a brand used for a series of x86 architecture-compatible microprocessors produced by Intel. The original Pentium processor from which the brand took its name was first released on March 22, 1993. After that, the Pentium II and P ...
chips (80586), featuring a 60 
MHz The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI), equivalent to one event (or cycle) per second. The hertz is an SI derived unit whose expression in terms of SI base units is s−1, meaning that one he ...
clock speed, 100+ MIPS, and a 64
bit The bit is the most basic unit of information in computing and digital communications. The name is a portmanteau of binary digit. The bit represents a logical state with one of two possible values. These values are most commonly represente ...
data path. *
1995 File:1995 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: O.J. Simpson is acquitted of the murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman from the year prior in "The Trial of the Century" in the United States; The Great Hanshin earthquake str ...
Cosmonaut An astronaut (from the Ancient Greek (), meaning 'star', and (), meaning 'sailor') is a person trained, equipped, and deployed by a human spaceflight program to serve as a commander or crew member aboard a spacecraft. Although generally r ...
Valeri Polyakov Valeri Vladimirovich Polyakov (russian: Валерий Владимирович Поляков, born Valeri Ivanovich Korshunov, russian: Валерий Иванович Коршунов, 27 April 1942 – 7 September 2022) was a Soviet and Rus ...
returns to earth after setting a record of 438 days in space. * 1997Tara Lipinski, aged 14 years and nine months, becomes the youngest women's World Figure Skating Champion. * 1997 –
Comet Hale–Bopp Comet Hale–Bopp (formally designated C/1995 O1) is a comet that was one of the most widely observed of the 20th century and one of the brightest seen for many decades. Alan Hale and Thomas Bopp discovered Comet Hale–Bopp separately ...
reaches its closest approach to Earth at 1.315 AU. * 2004Ahmed Yassin, co-founder and leader of the
Palestinian Palestinians ( ar, الفلسطينيون, ; he, פָלַסְטִינִים, ) or Palestinian people ( ar, الشعب الفلسطيني, label=none, ), also referred to as Palestinian Arabs ( ar, الفلسطينيين العرب, label=non ...
Sunni Islamist group Hamas, two bodyguards, and nine civilian bystanders are killed in the
Gaza Strip The Gaza Strip (;The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) – p.761 "Gaza Strip /'gɑːzə/ a strip of territory under the control of the Palestinian National Authority and Hamas, on the SE Mediterranean coast including the town of Gaza.. ...
when hit by Israeli Air Force Hellfire missiles. * 2006 – Three
Christian Peacemaker Team Community Peacemaker Teams or CPT (previously called Christian Peacemaker Teams) is an international organization set up to support teams of peace workers in conflict areas around the world. The organization uses these teams to achieve its aims ...
(CPT) hostages are freed by
British British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories, and Crown Dependencies. ** Britishness, the British identity and common culture * British English, ...
forces in
Baghdad Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon. I ...
after 118 days of captivity and the murder of their colleague from the U.S., Tom Fox. * 2013 – At least 37 people are killed and 200 are injured after a fire destroys a camp containing Burmese refugees near Ban Mae,
Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is b ...
. *
2016 File:2016 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Bombed-out buildings in Ankara following the 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt; the Impeachment of Dilma Rousseff, impeachment trial of Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff; Damaged houses duri ...
– Three suicide bombers kill 32 people and injure 316 in the
2016 Brussels bombings On 22 March 2016, two coordinated terrorist attacks in Brussels, Belgium were carried out by the Islamic State. Three coordinated suicide bombings occurred: two at Brussels Airport in Zaventem, and one at Maalbeek metro station on the Brussels ...
at the
airport An airport is an aerodrome with extended facilities, mostly for commercial air transport. Airports usually consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surfa ...
and at the Maelbeek/Maalbeek metro station. *
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a s ...
– A
terrorist attack Terrorism, in its broadest sense, is the use of criminal violence to provoke a state of terror or fear, mostly with the intention to achieve political or religious aims. The term is used in this regard primarily to refer to intentional violen ...
in London near the
Houses of Parliament The Palace of Westminster serves as the meeting place for both the House of Commons and the House of Lords, the two houses of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Informally known as the Houses of Parliament, the Palace lies on the north ban ...
leaves four people dead and at least 20 injured. * 2017 – Syrian civil war: Five hundred members of the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) are airlifted south of the
Euphrates The Euphrates () is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia. Together with the Tigris, it is one of the two defining rivers of Mesopotamia ( ''the land between the rivers''). Originating in Turkey, the Eup ...
by
United States Air Force The United States Air Force (USAF) is the Aerial warfare, air military branch, service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Originally created on 1 August 1907, as a part ...
helicopters, beginning the Battle of Tabqa. *
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
– The
Special Counsel investigation In the United States, a special counsel (formerly called special prosecutor or independent counsel) is a lawyer appointed to Criminal investigation, investigate, and potentially prosecution, prosecute, a particular case of suspected wrongdoing fo ...
on the 2016 United States presidential election concludes when Robert Mueller submits his report to the United States Attorney General. * 2019 – Two buses crashed in Kitampo, a town north of
Ghana Ghana (; tw, Gaana, ee, Gana), officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country in West Africa. It abuts the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean to the south, sharing borders with Ivory Coast in the west, Burkina Faso in the north, and To ...
's capital Accra, killing at least 50 people. *
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in t ...
– Indian Prime Minister
Narendra Modi Narendra Damodardas Modi (; born 17 September 1950) is an Indian politician serving as the 14th and current Prime Minister of India since 2014. Modi was the Chief Minister of Gujarat from 2001 to 2014 and is the Member of Parliament fro ...
announces the country's largest ever self-imposed curfew, in an effort to fight the spread of
COVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by a virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first known case was identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease quickly ...
. * 2020 – Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis announces a national lockdown and the country's first ever self-imposed curfew, in an effort to fight the spread of
COVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by a virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first known case was identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease quickly ...
. *
2021 File:2021 collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: the James Webb Space Telescope was launched in 2021; Protesters in Yangon, Myanmar following the coup d'état; A civil demonstration against the October 2021 coup in Sudan; Crowd shortly after t ...
– Ten people are killed in a
mass shooting There is a lack of consensus on how to define a mass shooting. Most terms define a minimum of three or four victims of gun violence (not including the shooter or in an inner city) in a short period of time, although an Australian study from 20 ...
in Boulder, Colorado.


Births


Pre-1600

* 841
Bernard Plantapilosa Bernard Plantapilosa or Bernard II of Auvergne (22 March 841-886), or Plantevelue, son of Bernard of Septimania and Dhuoda, was the Count of Auvergne (as Bernard II) from 872 to his death. The Emperor Charles the Fat granted him the title of Margra ...
, Frankish son of
Bernard of Septimania Bernard (or Bernat) of Septimania (795–844), son of William of Gellone, was the Frankish Duke of Septimania and Count of Barcelona from 826 to 832 and again from 835 to his execution. He was also count of Carcassonne from 837. He was appointe ...
(d. 885) *
875 __NOTOC__ Year 875 ( DCCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * August 12 – Emperor Louis II dies in Brescia, after having named his c ...
William I, Duke of Aquitaine (d. 918) * 1212Emperor Go-Horikawa of Japan (d. 1235) * 1367
Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, KG (22 March 136622 September 1399) was an English peer. As a result of his involvement in the power struggles which led up to the fall of King Richard II, he was banished and died in exile in Venice. B ...
, English politician, Earl Marshal of the United Kingdom (probable; d. 1399) * 1394
Ulugh Beg Mīrzā Muhammad Tāraghay bin Shāhrukh ( chg, میرزا محمد طارق بن شاہ رخ, fa, میرزا محمد تراغای بن شاہ رخ), better known as Ulugh Beg () (22 March 1394 – 27 October 1449), was a Timurid sultan, as ...
, Persian astronomer and mathematician (d. 1449) *
1459 Year 1459 ( MCDLIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 18 – The Order of Our Lady of Bethlehem is founded by Pope Pius II, to de ...
Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519) was King of the Romans from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death. He was never crowned by the pope, as the journey to Rome was blocked by the Venetians. He proclaimed himself E ...
(d. 1519) *
1499 Year 1499 ( MCDXCIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 8 – Louis XII of France marries Anne of Brittany, in accordance with a l ...
Johann Carion, German astrologer and chronicler (d. 1537) * 1503
Antonio Francesco Grazzini Antonio Francesco Grazzini or Antonfrancisco Grazzini (March 22, 1503February 18, 1584) was an Italian author." Biography He was born at Florence or in Staggia Senese (he wrote of himself: Rime di Antonfrancesco detto il Lasca'', parte prima ...
, Italian author and educator (d. 1583) *
1517 Year 1517 ( MDXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 22 – Battle of Ridaniya: The Holy Ottoman army of the sultan Selim I de ...
Gioseffo Zarlino, Italian composer (d. 1590) *
1519 __NOTOC__ Year 1519 ( MDXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, the 1519th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 519th year of the 2nd millennium ...
Catherine Brandon, Duchess of Suffolk, English noblewoman (d. 1580) *
1582 1582 ( MDLXXXII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) in the Julian calendar, and a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Proleptic Gregorian calendar. This year saw the be ...
John Williams, Archbishop of York (d. 1650) * 1599Anthony van Dyck, Flemish-English painter and etcher (d. 1641)


1601–1900

*
1609 Events January–June * January – The Basque witch trials begin. * January 15 – One of the world's first newspapers, ''Avisa Relation oder Zeitung'', begins publication in Wolfenbüttel (Holy Roman Empire). * January 3 ...
John II Casimir Vasa John II Casimir ( pl, Jan II Kazimierz Waza; lt, Jonas Kazimieras Vaza; 22 March 1609 – 16 December 1672) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1648 until his abdication in 1668 as well as titular King of Sweden from 1648 ...
, Polish king (d. 1672) *
1615 Events January–June * January 1 – The New Netherland Company is granted a three-year monopoly in North American trade, between the 40th and 45th parallels. * February – Sir Thomas Roe sets out to become the first a ...
Katherine Jones, Viscountess Ranelagh, British scientist (d. 1691) *
1663 Events January–March * January 10 – The Royal African Company is granted a Royal Charter by Charles II of England. * January 23 – The Treaty of Ghilajharighat is signed in India between representatives of the Mugha ...
August Hermann Francke, German clergyman, philanthropist, and scholar (d. 1727) *
1684 Events January–March * January 5 – King Charles II of England gives the title Duke of St Albans to Charles Beauclerk, his illegitimate son by Nell Gwyn. * January 15 (January 5 O.S.) - To demonstrate that the River Thames, froz ...
William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath, (22 March 16847 July 1764) was a British Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1707 to 1742, when he was created the first Earl of Bath by King George II. Bath is sometimes stated to have be ...
, English politician,
Secretary at War The Secretary at War was a political position in the English and later British government, with some responsibility over the administration and organization of the Army, but not over military policy. The Secretary at War ran the War Office. Afte ...
(d. 1764) * 1712Edward Moore, English poet and playwright (d. 1757) *
1720 Events January–March * February 10 – Edmond Halley is appointed as Astronomer Royal for England. * January 21 – Sweden and Prussia sign the Treaty of Stockholm (Great Northern War). * February 17 – The Treaty o ...
Nicolas-Henri Jardin, French architect, designed the Yellow Palace and
Bernstorff Palace Bernstorff Palace ( da, Bernstorff Slot) in Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark, was built in the middle of the 18th century for Foreign Minister Count Johann Hartwig Ernst von Bernstorff. It remained in the possession of the Bernstorff family until 1 ...
(d. 1799) *
1723 Events January–March * January 25 – British pirate Edward Low intercepts the Portuguese ship ''Nostra Signiora de Victoria''. After the Portuguese captain throws his treasure of 11,000 gold coins into the sea rather than s ...
Charles Carroll, American lawyer and politician (d. 1783) * 1728
Anton Raphael Mengs Anton Raphael Mengs (22 March 1728 – 29 June 1779) was a German painter, active in Dresden, Rome, and Madrid, who while painting in the Rococo period of the mid-18th century became one of the precursors to Neoclassical painting, which replace ...
, German painter and theorist (d. 1779) *
1785 Events January–March * January 1 – The first issue of the ''Daily Universal Register'', later known as '' The Times'', is published in London. * January 7 – Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard and American John Jeffries ...
Adam Sedgwick, English scientist (d. 1873) *
1797 Events January–March * January 3 – The Treaty of Tripoli, a peace treaty between the United States and Ottoman Tripolitania, is signed at Algiers (''see also'' 1796). * January 7 – The parliament of the Cisalpine ...
William I, German Emperor (d. 1888) *
1808 Events January–March * January 1 ** The importation of slaves into the United States is banned, as the 1807 Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves takes effect; African slaves continue to be imported into Cuba, and until the island ab ...
Caroline Norton, English feminist, social reformer, and author (d. 1877) * 1808 –
David Swinson Maynard David Swinson "Doc" Maynard (March 22, 1808March 13, 1873) was an American pioneer, doctor, and businessman. He was one of Seattle's primary founders. He was an effective civic booster and, compared to other white settlers, a relative advocate ...
, American physician and lawyer (d. 1873) * 1812Stephen Pearl Andrews, American author and activist (d. 1886) *
1814 Events January * January 1 – War of the Sixth Coalition – The Royal Prussian Army led by Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher crosses the Rhine. * January 3 ** War of the Sixth Coalition – Siege of Cattaro: French garrison ...
Thomas Crawford, American sculptor, designed the Statue of Freedom (d. 1857) * 1817
Braxton Bragg Braxton Bragg (March 22, 1817 – September 27, 1876) was an American army officer during the Second Seminole War and Mexican–American War and Confederate general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War, serving in the Weste ...
, American general (d. 1876) * 1818
John Ainsworth Horrocks John Ainsworth Horrocks (22 March 1818 – 23 September 1846) was an English pastoralist and explorer who was one of the first European settlers in the Clare Valley of South Australia where, in 1840, he established the village of Penwortham. ...
, English-Australian explorer, founded
Penwortham Penwortham () is a town in South Ribble, Lancashire, England, on the south bank of the River Ribble facing the city of Preston, Lancashire, Preston. The town is at the most westerly crossing point of the river, with major road and rail links cr ...
(d. 1846) * 1822
Ahmed Cevdet Pasha Ahmed Cevdet Pasha or Jevdet Pasha in English (22 March 1822 – 25 May 1895) was an Ottoman scholar, intellectual, bureaucrat, administrator, and historian who was a prominent figure in the Tanzimat reforms of the Ottoman Empire. He was the h ...
, Ottoman sociologist, historian, scholar, statesman and jurist (d. 1895) * 1841Anastassios Christomanos, Greek scientist (d. 1906) *
1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...
Mykola Lysenko Mykola Vitaliyovych Lysenko ( uk, Мико́ла Віта́лійович Ли́сенко; 22 March 1842 – 6 November 1912) was a List of Ukrainian composers, Ukrainian composer, pianist, conductor and ethnomusicologist of the late Romantic mus ...
, Ukrainian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1912) *
1846 Events January–March * January 5 – The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Country with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom. * January 13 – The Milan–Venice railway' ...
Randolph Caldecott Randolph Caldecott (; 22 March 1846 – 12 February 1886) was a British artist and illustrator, born in Chester. The Caldecott Medal was named in his honour. He exercised his art chiefly in book illustrations. His abilities as an artist were pro ...
, English illustrator and painter (d. 1886) * 1846 –
James Timberlake James H. Timberlake (March 22, 1846 – February 21, 1891) was an American law enforcement officer, Civil War soldier, farmer and rancher who served as a deputy U.S. marshal for the Western District of Missouri. Timberlake is best known for bein ...
, American lieutenant, police officer, and farmer (d. 1891) *
1852 Events January–March * January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic. * January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come tog ...
Otakar Ševčík Otakar Ševčík (22 March 185218 January 1934) was a Czech violinist and influential teacher. He was known as a soloist and an ensemble player, including his occasional performances with Eugène Ysaÿe. Biography Ševčík was born in Horaž ...
, Czech violinist and educator (d. 1934) * 1852 –
Hector Sévin Hector Sévin (22 March 1852 – 4 May 1916) was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and was former Archbishop of Lyon. Hector Sévin was born in Simandre, France. He was educated at the Seminary of Belley and he received the diaconate o ...
, French cardinal (d. 1916) * 1855
Dorothy Tennant Dorothy Tennant (22 March 1855 – 5 October 1926) was an English painter of the Victorian era neoclassicism. She was married to the explorer Henry Morton Stanley. Biography Tennant was born in Russell Square, London, the second daughter of ...
, British painter (d. 1926) *
1857 Events January–March * January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, ''Postimees'', is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. * January 7 – The partly French-owned London General Omnibus Company begins operating. * Janua ...
Paul Doumer Joseph Athanase Doumer, commonly known as Paul Doumer (; 22 March 18577 May 1932), was the President of France from 13 June 1931 until his assassination on 7 May 1932. Biography Joseph Athanase Doumer was born in Aurillac, in the Cantal ''dépa ...
, French mathematician, journalist, and politician, 14th
President of France The president of France, officially the president of the French Republic (french: Président de la République française), is the executive head of state of France, and the commander-in-chief of the French Armed Forces. As the presidency i ...
(d. 1932) *
1866 Events January–March * January 1 ** Fisk University, a historically black university, is established in Nashville, Tennessee. ** The last issue of the abolitionist magazine '' The Liberator'' is published. * January 6 – Ottoman tr ...
Jack Boyle John Anthony Boyle (March 22, 1866 – January 7, 1913), nicknamed "Honest Jack", was an American catcher and first baseman in Major League Baseball. His younger brother, Eddie Boyle, played in 1896. Baseball career Born in Cincinnati, Boyle be ...
, American baseball player and umpire (d. 1913) *
1868 Events January–March * January 2 – British Expedition to Abyssinia: Robert Napier leads an expedition to free captive British officials and missionaries. * January 3 – The 15-year-old Mutsuhito, Emperor Meiji of Jap ...
Robert Andrews Millikan Robert Andrews Millikan (March 22, 1868 – December 19, 1953) was an American experimental physicist honored with the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1923 for the measurement of the elementary electric charge and for his work on the photoelectric e ...
, American colonel and physicist,
Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...
laureate (d. 1953) * 1869
Emilio Aguinaldo Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy (: March 22, 1869February 6, 1964) was a Filipino revolutionary, statesman, and military leader who is the youngest president of the Philippines (1899–1901) and is recognized as the first president of the Philippine ...
, Filipino general and politician, 1st
President of the Philippines The president of the Philippines ( fil, Pangulo ng Pilipinas, sometimes referred to as ''Presidente ng Pilipinas'') is the head of state, head of government and chief executive of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of t ...
(d.
1964 Events January * January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved. * January 5 - In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patriarch ...
) * 1869 – Tom McInnes, Scottish-English footballer (d. 1939) *
1873 Events January–March * January 1 ** Japan adopts the Gregorian calendar. ** The California Penal Code goes into effect. * January 17 – American Indian Wars: Modoc War: First Battle of the Stronghold – Modoc Indians defe ...
Ernest Lawson Ernest Lawson (March 22, 1873 – December 18, 1939) was a Canadian-American painter and exhibited his work at the Canadian Art Club and as a member of the American group The Eight, artists who formed a loose association in 1908 to protes ...
, Canadian-American painter (d. 1939) * 1880
Ernest C. Quigley Ernest Cosmos Quigley (March 22, 1880 – December 10, 1960) was a Canadian-born American sports official who became notable both as a basketball referee and as an umpire in Major League Baseball. He also worked as an American football coach a ...
, Canadian-American football player and coach (d. 1960) *
1884 Events January–March * January 4 – The Fabian Society is founded in London. * January 5 – Gilbert and Sullivan's ''Princess Ida'' premières at the Savoy Theatre, London. * January 18 – Dr. William Price atte ...
Arthur H. Vandenberg Arthur Hendrick Vandenberg Sr. (March 22, 1884April 18, 1951) was an American politician who served as a United States senator from Michigan from 1928 to 1951. A member of the Republican Party, he participated in the creation of the United Natio ...
, American journalist and politician (d. 1951) * 1884 –
Lyda Borelli Lyda Cini, Countess of Monselice (née Borelli, 22 March 1884 – 2 June 1959) was an Italian actress of cinema and theatre. Her career in theatre started when she was a child, acting on stage with Paola Pezzaglia in the French drama ''I d ...
, Italian actress (d. 1959) *1885 – Aryeh Levin, Polish-Lithuanian rabbi and educator (d. 1969) *1886 – August Rei, Estonian lawyer and politician, Head of State of Estonia (d. 1963) *1887 – Chico Marx, American actor (d. 1961) *1890 – George Clark (racing driver), George Clark, American race car driver (d. 1978) *1892 – Charlie Poole, American country banjo player (d. 1931) * 1892 – Johannes Semper, Estonian poet and scholar (d. 1970) *
1896 Events January–March * January 2 – The Jameson Raid comes to an end, as Jameson surrenders to the Boers. * January 4 – Utah is admitted as the 45th U.S. state. * January 5 – An Austrian newspaper reports that ...
– He Long, Chinese general and politician, 1st Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China (d. 1969) * 1896 – Joseph Schildkraut, Austrian-American actor (d. 1964) *1899 – Ruth Page (ballerina), Ruth Page, American ballerina and choreographer (d. 1991)


1901–present

*1901 – Greta Kempton, Austrian-American painter (d. 1991) *1902 – Johannes Brinkman, Dutch architect, designed the Van Nelle Factory (d. 1949) * 1902 – Madeleine Milhaud, French actress and composer (d. 2008) *1903 – Bill Holman (cartoonist), Bill Holman, American cartoonist (d. 1987) *1907 – James M. Gavin, American general and diplomat, United States Ambassador to France (d. 1990) *1908 – Jack Crawford (tennis), Jack Crawford, Australian tennis player (d. 1991) * 1908 – Louis L'Amour, American novelist and short story writer (d. 1988) *1909 – Gabrielle Roy, Canadian author and educator (d. 1983) *1910 – Nicholas Monsarrat, English sailor and author (d. 1979) *1912 – Wilfrid Brambell, Irish actor and performer (d. 1985) * 1912 – Karl Malden, American actor (d. 2009) * 1912 – Agnes Martin, Canadian-American painter and educator (d. 2004) * 1912 – Leslie Johnson (racing driver), Leslie Johnson, English race car driver (d. 1959) *
1913 Events January * January 5 – First Balkan War: Battle of Lemnos – Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it will not venture for the rest of the ...
– Tom McCall, American journalist and politician, 30th Governor of Oregon (d. 1983) * 1913 – Lew Wasserman, American businessman and talent agent (d. 2002) * 1913 – James Westerfield, American actor (d. 1971) *1914 – John Stanley (cartoonist), John Stanley, American author and illustrator (d. 1993) * 1914 – Donald Stokes, Baron Stokes, English businessman (d. 2008) *1917 – Virginia Grey, American actress (d. 2004) * 1917 – Irving Kaplansky, Canadian-American mathematician and academic (d. 2006) * 1917 – Paul Rogers (actor), Paul Rogers, English actor (d. 2013) *1918 – Cheddi Jagan, Guyanese politician, 4th President of Guyana (d. 1997) *1919 – Bernard Krigstein, American illustrator (d. 1990) * 1920 – James Brown (actor), James Brown, American actor and singer (d. 1992) * 1920 – Werner Klemperer, German-American actor (d. 2000) * 1920 – Lloyd MacPhail, Canadian businessman and politician, 23rd Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island (d. 1995) * 1920 – Fanny Waterman, English pianist and educator, founded the Leeds International Pianoforte Competition (d. 2020) * 1920 – Katsuko Saruhashi, Japanese geochemist (d. 2007) * 1920 – Ross Martin, American actor (d. 1981) *1921 – Nino Manfredi, Italian actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2004) *1922 – John J. Gilligan, American politician, 62nd Governor of Ohio (d. 2013) * 1922 – Stewart Stern, American screenwriter (d. 2015) *1923 – Marcel Marceau, French mime and actor (d. 2007) *1924 – Al Neuharth, American journalist and author, founded ''USA Today'' (d. 2013) * 1924 – Yevgeny Ostashev, Russian test pilot, participant in the launch of the first artificial Earth Sputnik 1, satellite (d. 1960) * 1924 – Osman F. Seden, Turkish director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1998) * 1924 – Bill Wendell, American television announcer (d. 1999) *1927 – Marty Blake, American basketball player and manager (d. 2013) * 1927 – Nicolas Tikhomiroff, Russian photographer (d. 2016) *1928 – Carrie Donovan, American journalist (d. 2001) * 1928 – E. D. Hirsch, American author, critic, and academic * 1928 – Ed Macauley, American basketball player, coach, and priest (d. 2011) *1929 – Yayoi Kusama, Japanese artist * 1929 – P. Ramlee, Malaysian actor, director, singer, songwriter, composer, and producer (d. 1973) *1930 – Derek Bok, American lawyer and academic * 1930 – Pat Robertson, American minister and broadcaster, founded the Christian Broadcasting Network * 1930 – Stephen Sondheim, American composer and songwriter (d. 2021) *1931 – Burton Richter, American physicist and academic,
Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...
laureate (d. 2018) * 1931 – William Shatner, Canadian actor * 1931 – Leslie Thomas, Welsh journalist and author (d. 2014) *1932 – Els Borst, Dutch physician and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 2014) * 1932 – Larry Evans (chess grandmaster), Larry Evans, American chess player and journalist (d. 2010) * 1933 – Abolhassan Banisadr, Iranian economist and politician, 1st President of Iran (d. 2021) *
1934 Events January–February * January 1 – The International Telecommunication Union, a specialist agency of the League of Nations, is established. * January 15 – The 8.0 Nepal–Bihar earthquake strikes Nepal and Bihar with a maxi ...
– May Britt, Swedish actress * 1934 – Sheila Cameron (lawyer), Sheila Cameron, English lawyer and judge * 1934 – Orrin Hatch, American lawyer and politician (d. 2022) *1935 – Galina Gavrilovna Korchuganova, Russian-born Soviet test pilot and aerobatics champion (d. 2004) * 1935 – Lea Pericoli, Italian tennis player and journalist * 1935 – Frank Pulli, American baseball player and umpire (d. 2013) * 1935 – M. Emmet Walsh, American actor *1936 – Ron Carey (labor leader), Ron Carey, American trade union leader (d. 2008) * 1936 – Roger Whittaker, Kenyan-English singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1936 – Erol Büyükburç, Turkish singer-songwriter, pop music composer, and actor (d. 2015) *1937 – Angelo Badalamenti, American pianist and composer * 1937 – Armin Hary, German sprinter * 1937 – Jon Hassell, American trumpet player and composer (d. 2021) * 1937 – Foo Foo Lammar, British drag queen (d. 2003) *1938 – Rein Etruk, Estonian chess player (d. 2012) *1940 – Dave Keon, Canadian ice hockey player * 1940 – Haing S. Ngor, Cambodian-American physician and author (d. 1996) * 1940 – George Edward Alcorn, Jr., American physicist and inventor *1941 – Billy Collins, American poet * 1941 – Jeremy Clyde, English singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1941 – Bruno Ganz, Swiss actor (d. 2019) * 1941 – Cassam Uteem, Mauritian politician, 2nd List of Presidents of Mauritius, President of Mauritius *
1942 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Declaration by United Nations is signed by China, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and 22 other nations, in w ...
– Jorge Ben Jor, Brazilian singer-songwriter * 1942 – Dick Pound, Canadian lawyer and academic *
1943 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 ...
– George Benson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1943 – Nazem Ganjapour, Iranian footballer and manager (d. 2013) * 1943 – Keith Relf, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 1976) *
1945 1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which Nuclear weapon, nuclear weapons Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, have been used in combat. Events Below, ...
– Eric Roth, American screenwriter and producer * 1946 – Don Chaney, American basketball player and coach * 1946 – Rivka Golani, Israeli viola player and composer * 1946 – Rudy Rucker, American mathematician, computer scientist, and author * 1946 – Harry Vanda, Dutch-Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer *1947 – George Ferguson (Mayor of Bristol), George Ferguson, English architect and politician, 1st Mayor of Bristol * 1947 – James Patterson, American author and producer * 1947 – Maarten van Gent, Dutch basketball player and coach *1948 – Andrew Lloyd Webber, English composer and director *1949 – Fanny Ardant, French actress, director, and screenwriter * 1949 – Brian Hanrahan, English journalist (d. 2010) *1952 – Des Browne, Scottish lawyer and politician, Secretary of State for Scotland *1953 – Kenneth Rogoff, American economist and chess grandmaster *1955 – Lena Olin, Swedish actress * 1955 – Valdis Zatlers, Latvian physician and politician, 7th President of Latvia * 1956 – Maria Teresa, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (born María Teresa Mestre y Batista) *1957 – Jürgen Bucher, German footballer * 1957 – Stephanie Mills, American actress and singer *1959 – Matthew Modine, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter *1961 – Simon Furman, British comic book writer *1962 – Nikos Kourbanas, Greek footballer *
1963 Events January * January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Co ...
– Deborah Bull, English ballerina * 1963 – Susan Ann Sulley, English pop singer * 1963 – Martín Vizcarra, Peruvian engineer and politician, 67th President of Peru *
1964 Events January * January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved. * January 5 - In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patriarch ...
– David Gillespie, Australian rugby league player *1966 – Todd Ewen, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2015) * 1966 – Artis Pabriks, Latvian academic and politician, 11th Minister for Defence of Latvia * 1966 – António Pinto (athlete), António Pinto, Portuguese runner * 1966 – Brian Shaw, American basketball player and coach *1967 – Mario Cipollini, Italian cyclist * 1967 – Bernie Gallacher, Scottish-English footballer (d. 2011) *1970 – Andreas Johnson, Swedish singer-songwriter * 1970 – Leontien van Moorsel, Dutch cyclist * 1970 – Hwang Young-cho, South Korean runner *1971 – Keegan-Michael Key, American actor, comedian, and writer *
1972 Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. (If its start and end are defined using mean solar tim ...
– Shawn Bradley, German-American basketball player, coach, and actor * 1972 – Cory Lidle, American baseball player (d. 2006) * 1972 – Elvis Stojko, Canadian figure skater and sportscaster *1973 – Beverley Knight, English singer-songwriter and producer *1974 – Marcus Camby, American basketball player * 1974 – Philippe Clement, Belgian footballer * 1974 – Grigoria Golia, Greek handball player * 1974 – Geo Meneses, Mexican producer and singer * 1975 – Cole Hauser, American actor and producer * 1975 – Jiří Novák, Czech-Monegasque tennis player *1976 – Teun de Nooijer, Dutch field hockey player * 1976 – Asako Toki, Japanese singer-songwriter * 1976 – Reese Witherspoon, American actress and producer *1977 – Tom Poti, American ice hockey player *1979 – Michalis Kouinelis, Greek hip hop singer * 1979 – Aaron North, American guitarist * 1979 – Juan Uribe, Dominican baseball player *1981 – Arne Gabius, German runner * 1982 – Piá (footballer, born 1982), Piá, Brazilian footballer * 1982 – Enrico Gasparotto, Italian cyclist * 1982 – Michael Janyk, Canadian skier *1984 – Piotr Trochowski, German footballer *1985 – Mayola Biboko, Belgian footballer * 1985 – Jakob Fuglsang, Danish cyclist * 1985 – Justin Masterson, American baseball player * 1985 – Kelli Waite, Australian swimmer *1986 – Dexter Fowler, American baseball player *1987 – Ike Davis, American baseball player * 1987 – Jairo Mora Sandoval, Costa Rican environmentalist (d. 2013) * 1987 – Liam Doran, British rallycross driver *1989 – Ruben Popa, Romanian footballer * 1989 – J. J. Watt, American football player *1994 – Aliaksandra Sasnovich, Belarusian tennis player *2000 – Dimitrios Meliopoulos, Greek footballer


Deaths


Pre-1600

* 235Severus Alexander, Roman emperor (b. 208) * 880 – Carloman of Bavaria, Frankish king *1144 – William of Norwich, child murder victim *1322 – Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster, English politician, Lord High Steward, Lord High Steward of England (b. 1278) *1418 – Dietrich of Nieheim, German bishop and historian (b. 1345) *1421 – Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, English soldier and politician, Lord High Steward, Lord High Steward of England (b. 1388) *1454 – John Kemp, Archbishop of Canterbury *1471 – George of Poděbrady (b. 1420)


1601–1900

*1544 – Johannes Magnus, Swedish archbishop and theologian (b. 1488) *1602 – Agostino Carracci, Italian painter and educator (b. 1557) *1685 – Emperor Go-Sai of Japan (b. 1638) *1687 – Jean-Baptiste Lully, Italian-French composer and conductor (b. 1632) *1758 – Jonathan Edwards (theologian), Jonathan Edwards, English minister, theologian, and philosopher (b. 1703) *1772 – John Canton, English physicist and academic (b. 1718) *1820 – Stephen Decatur, American commander (b. 1779) *1832 – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, German novelist, poet, playwright, and diplomat (b. 1749) *1840 – Étienne Bobillier, French mathematician and academic (b. 1798) *1864 – Konstanty Kalinowski, writer, journalist, lawyer and revolutionary (b. 1838) *1881 – Samuel Courtauld (industrialist), Samuel Courtauld, English businessman (b. 1793) *
1896 Events January–March * January 2 – The Jameson Raid comes to an end, as Jameson surrenders to the Boers. * January 4 – Utah is admitted as the 45th U.S. state. * January 5 – An Austrian newspaper reports that ...
– Thomas Hughes, English lawyer and politician (b. 1822)


1901–present

*
1913 Events January * January 5 – First Balkan War: Battle of Lemnos – Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it will not venture for the rest of the ...
– Song Jiaoren, Chinese educator and politician (b. 1882) * 1913 – Ruggero Oddi, Italian physiologist and anatomist (b.1864) *1924 – William Macewen, Scottish surgeon and neuroscientist (b. 1848) *1931 – James Campbell, 1st Baron Glenavy, Irish lawyer and politician (b. 1851) *
1942 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Declaration by United Nations is signed by China, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and 22 other nations, in w ...
– Frederick Cuming (cricketer), Frederick Cuming, English cricketer (b. 1875) * 1942 – William Donne (cricketer), William Donne, English captain and cricketer (b. 1875) *
1945 1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which Nuclear weapon, nuclear weapons Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, have been used in combat. Events Below, ...
– John Hessin Clarke, American lawyer and judge (b. 1857) *1952 – D. S. Senanayake, 1st Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (b. 1883) *1955 – Ivan Šubašić, Croatian lawyer and politician, 23rd Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (b. 1892) *1958 – Mike Todd, American film producer (b. 1909) * 1960 – José Antonio Aguirre (politician), José Antonio Aguirre, Spanish lawyer and politician, 1st President of the Basque Country (b. 1904) *1966 – John Harlin, American mountaineer and pilot (b. 1935) *1971 – Johannes Villemson, Estonian-American runner (b. 1893) * 1971 – Nella Walker, American actress and vaudevillian (b. 1886) *1974 – Peter Revson, American race car driver (b. 1939) * 1974 – Orazio Satta Puliga, Italian automobile designer (b. 1910) *1976 – John McLaughlin (artist), John Dwyer McLaughlin, American painter (b. 1898) *1977 – A. K. Gopalan, Indian educator and politician (b. 1904) * 1978
Karl Wallenda Karl Wallenda (; January 21, 1905 – March 22, 1978) was a German-American high wire artist and founder of The Flying Wallendas, a daredevil circus act which performed dangerous stunts, often without a safety net. Personal life Wallenda was bor ...
, German-American acrobat and tightrope walker, founded The Flying Wallendas (b. 1905) *1979 – Ben Lyon, American actor and studio executive (b. 1901) *1981 – Jumbo Elliott (coach), James Elliott, American runner and coach (b. 1915) * 1981 – Gil Puyat, Filipino businessman and politician, 13th President of the Senate of the Philippines (b. 1907) *1985 – Raoul Ubac, French painter, sculptor, photographer, and engraver (b. 1910) * 1985 – Spyros Vassiliou, Greek painter, printmaker, illustrator, and stage designer (b. 1903) *1986 – Olive Deering, American actress (b. 1918) * 1986 – Mark Dinning, American singer (b. 1933) *1987 – Odysseas Angelis, Greek general and politician (b. 1912) *1989 – Peta Taylor, English cricketer (b. 1912) *1990 – Gerald Bull, Canadian engineer and academic (b. 1928) *1991 – Léon Balcer, Canadian lawyer and politician, 19th Solicitor General of Canada (b. 1917) * 1991 – Paul Engle, American novelist, poet, playwright, and critic (b. 1908) * 1991 – Dave Guard, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1934) * 1991 – Gloria Holden, English-American actress (b. 1908) *
1993 File:1993 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Oslo I Accord is signed in an attempt to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict; The Russian White House is shelled during the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis; Czechoslovakia is peacefu ...
– Steve Olin, American baseball player (b. 1965) *1994 – Dan Hartman, American singer-songwriter, and producer (b. 1950) * 1994 – Walter Lantz, American animator, director, and producer (b. 1899) *1996 – Don Murray (drummer), Don Murray, American drummer (b. 1945) * 1996 – Robert F. Overmyer, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1936) * 1996 – Billy Williamson (guitarist), Billy Williamson, American guitarist (b. 1925) *1999 – Max Beloff, Baron Beloff, English historian and academic (b. 1913) * 1999 – David Strickland, American actor (b. 1969) *2000 – Carlo Parola, Italian footballer and manager (b. 1921) *2001 – Stepas Butautas, Lithuanian basketball player and coach (b. 1925) * 2001 – Sabiha Gökçen, Turkish soldier and pilot (b. 1913) * 2001 – William Hanna, American animator, director, producer, and voice actor, co-founded Hanna-Barbera (b. 1910) * 2001 – Robert Fletcher Shaw, Canadian businessman, academic, and civil servant (b. 1910) *2002 – Rudolf Baumgartner, Swiss violinist and conductor (b. 1917) *2003 – Terry Lloyd, English journalist (b. 1952) * 2004 – Janet Akyüz Mattei, Turkish-American astronomer and academic (b. 1943) * 2004 – Ahmed Yassin, Co-founded Hamas (b. 1937) * 2004 – V. M. Tarkunde, Indian lawyer and civil rights activist (b. 1909) *2005 – Rod Price, English guitarist and songwriter (b. 1947) * 2005 – Gemini Ganesan, Indian film actor (b. 1920) * 2005 – Kenzō Tange, Japanese architect, designed the Yoyogi National Gymnasium and Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum (b. 1913) * 2006 – Pierre Clostermann, French soldier, pilot, and politician (b. 1921) * 2006 – Pío Leyva, Cuban singer and author (b. 1917) * 2006 – Kurt von Trojan, Austrian-Australian journalist and author (b. 1937) *2007 – U. G. Krishnamurti, Indian-Italian philosopher and educator (b. 1918) *2008 – Cachao López, Cuban-American bassist and composer (b. 1918) *2010 – James Black (pharmacologist), James Black, Scottish biologist and pharmacologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1924) * 2010 – Özhan Canaydın, Turkish basketball player and businessman (b. 1943) *2011 – Artur Agostinho, Portuguese journalist (b. 1920) * 2011 – Victor Bouchard, Canadian pianist and composer (b. 1926) *2012 – Joe Blanchard, American football player and wrestler (b. 1928) * 2012 – John Payton, American lawyer and activist (b. 1946) * 2012 – Matthew White Ridley, 4th Viscount Ridley, English academic and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Northumberland (b. 1925) * 2012 – Mickey Sullivan, American baseball player and coach (b. 1932) * 2012 – David Waltz, American computer scientist and academic (b. 1943) * 2012 – Neil L. Whitehead, English anthropologist and author (b. 1956) * 2013 – Vladimír Čech, Czech actor and politician (b. 1951) * 2013 – James Nabrit III, James Nabrit, American lawyer and academic (b. 1932) * 2013 – Bebo Valdés, Cuban-Swedish pianist and composer (b. 1918) * 2013 – Derek Watkins (trumpeter), Derek Watkins, English trumpet player and composer (b. 1945) * 2013 – Ray Williams (basketball), Ray Williams, American basketball player and coach (b. 1954) *2014 – Yashwant Vithoba Chittal, Indian author (b. 1928) * 2014 – Mickey Duff, Polish-English boxer and manager (b. 1929) * 2014 – Thor Listau, Norwegian soldier and politician (b. 1938) * 2014 – Tasos Mitsopoulos, Cypriot politician, List of Ministers of Defence of Cyprus, Cypriot Minister of Defence (b. 1965) *2015 – Arkady Arkanov, Ukrainian-Russian actor and playwright (b. 1933) * 2015 – Horst Buhtz, German footballer and manager (b. 1923) * 2015 – Norman Scribner, American pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1936) *
2016 File:2016 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Bombed-out buildings in Ankara following the 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt; the Impeachment of Dilma Rousseff, impeachment trial of Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff; Damaged houses duri ...
– Phife Dawg, American rapper (b. 1970) * 2016 – Rob Ford, Canadian businessman and politician, 64th Mayor of Toronto (b. 1969) * 2016 – Rita Gam, American actress (b. 1927) *2018 – Johan van Hulst, Dutch politician, academic and author, Yad Vashem recipient (b. 1911) *
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
– Scott Walker (singer), Scott Walker, British-American singer-songwriter (b. 1943)


Holidays and observances

*Bihar Day (Bihar, India) *Christian feast day: **Basil of Ancyra **Beatification, Blessed Clemens August Graf von Galen **Darerca of Ireland **Epaphroditus **Jonathan Edwards (theologian), Jonathan Edwards (Calendar of Saints (Lutheran), Lutheranism) **Saint Lea, Lea of Rome **Nicholas Owen (Jesuit), Nicholas Owen **Paul of Narbonne **March 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) *Earliest day on which Easter Sunday can fall (last in 1818, will not happen again until 2285), while April 25 is the latest. (Christianity) *Emancipation Day#Puerto Rico, Emancipation Day or ''Día de la Abolición de la Esclavitud'' (Puerto Rico) *World Water Day (International observance, International)


References


External links


BBC: On This Day
*
Historical Events on March 22
{{months Days of the year March