Marc Riboud

Marc Riboud (; 24 June 1923 – 30 August 2016) was a French photographer, best known for his extensive reports on the Far East: ''The Three Banners of China'', ''Face of North Vietnam'', ''Visions of China'', and ''In China''.

Early life and education

Riboud was born in Saint-Genis-Laval and went to the lycée in Lyon. He photographed his first picture in 1937, using his father's Vest Pocket Kodak camera. As a young man during World War II, he was active in the French Resistance, from 1943 to 1945. After the war, he studied engineering at the École Centrale de Lyon from 1945 to 1948.

Career

Until 1951 Riboud worked as an engineer in Lyon factories, but took a week-long picture-taking vacation, inspiring him to become a photographer.SK Josefburg Studio biography
He moved to Paris where he met Henri Cartier-Bresson, Robert Capa, and David Seymour, the founders of Magnum Photos. By 1953 he was a member of the organization. His ability to capture fleeting moments in life through powerful compositions was already apparent, and this skill was to serve him well for decades to come.

Over the next several decades, Riboud traveled around the world. In 1957, he was one of the first European photographers to go to China, and in 1968, 1972, and 1976, Riboud made several reportages on North Vietnam. Later he traveled all over the world, but mostly in Asia, Africa, the U.S. and Japan. Riboud has been witness to the atrocities of war (photographing from both the Vietnam and the American sides of the Vietnam War), and the apparent degradation of a culture repressed from within (China during the years of chairman Mao Zedong's Cultural Revolution). In contrast, he has captured the graces of daily life, set in sun-drenched facets of the globe (Fès, Angkor, Acapulco, Niger, Shaanxi), and the lyricism of child's play in everyday Paris. In 1979 Riboud left the Magnum agency.

Riboud's photographs have appeared in numerous magazines, including ''Life'', ''Géo'', ''National Geographic'', '' Paris Match'', and ''Stern''. He twice won the Overseas Press Club Award, received the Lifetime Achievement Award at the 2009 Sony World Photography Awards and has had major retrospective exhibitions at the Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris and the International Center of Photography in New York.

Riboud was made an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Photographic Society in 1998.

Photography

One of Riboud's best known images is ''Eiffel Tower Painter'', taken in Paris in 1953. It depicts a man painting the tower, posed like a dancer, perched between the metal armature of the tower. Below him, Paris emerges from the photographic haze. Lone figures appear frequently in Riboud's images. In ''Ankara'', a central figure is silhouetted against an industrial background, whereas in ''France'', a man lies in a field. The vertical composition emphasizes the landscape, the trees, sky, water and blowing grass, all of which surround but do not overpower the human element.

An image taken by Riboud on 21 October 1967, entitled " The Ultimate Confrontation: The Flower and the Bayonet," is among the most celebrated anti-war pictures. Shot in Washington, D.C. where thousands of anti-war activists had gathered in front of the Pentagon to protest against America's involvement in Vietnam, the picture shows a young girl, Jan Rose Kasmir, with a flower in her hands and a kindly gaze in her eyes, standing in front of several rifle-wielding soldiers stationed to block the protesters. Riboud said of the photo, "She was just talking, trying to catch the eye of the soldiers, maybe trying to have a dialogue with them. I had the feeling the soldiers were more afraid of her than she was of the bayonets."

In contrast to the images in his photo essay, ''A Journey to North Vietnam'' (1969), Riboud says in the accompanying interview:
"My impression is that the country's leaders will not allow the slightest relaxation of the population at large ..it is almost as if ..they are anxious to forestall the great unknown – peace."''Newsweek,'' 20 October 1969: 35 In the same ''Newsweek'' article, he expanded further in his observations on life in North Vietnam:

I was astonished, for example, at the decidedly gay atmosphere in Hanoi's Reunification Park on a Sunday afternoon ..I honestly did not have the impression they were discussing socialism or the 'American aggressors' ..I saw quite a few patriotic posters crudely 'improved' with erotic graffiti and sketches.

There is a divide between what is photographed (or published) and what Riboud had to say by way of his interview. Commenting on this in 1970, the author Geoffrey Wolff wrote:

Riboud's photographs illustrate the proposition. The French photographer has been to North Vietnam twice ..and he is most friendly, on the evidence of his pictures, to the people and the institutions he found there. His photographs are of happy faces, ..An Air Force ace illustrates how he shot the American "air pirates" from the sky ..Who knows the truth about these places?

American, revolutionary political Rap Metal band, Rage Against the Machine used two of Riboud's photographs for their second single "Bullet in the Head". Both photographs carry strong political and social messages, but are very different. The front cover is a picture of American school children pledging allegiance to the 'flag' ( Stars and Stripes) in a classroom; the back cover picture, is of a young (probably Vietnamese) boy, who is pointing a pistol, while soldiers stand on parade in the background. It is unclear who or what the boy is aiming at and whether the gun is real or a toy.

Marriage and family

In 1961 Riboud married the American sculptor Barbara Chase, who was living in Paris.Smith, Jessie C. 1991. "Barbara Chase Riboud," in ''Notable Black American Women,'' p. 178.(Gale Cengage) They had two children. She became well known for her novel, '' Sally Hemings'' (1979), which earned critical acclaim and became a bestseller. They divorced before 1981.

He later married Catherine Chaine, a journalist and author.

Riboud died in Paris on 30 August 2016, at the age of 93.

Publications

*''Women of Japan''. Andre Deutch, 1959.
*''Visions of China, Photographs 1957–1980''. Pantheon Books, 1981.
*''Three Banners of China''. Macmillan, 1966.
*''Photographs at Home and Abroad''. Abrams, 2000.
*''Photo Poche 37: Marc Riboud''
*''Marc Riboud: photos choisies 1953–1985''. Paris: Musee d'art moderne de la ville de Paris, 1985.
*''Marc Riboud: l'embarras du choix''
*''Marc Riboud: Journal''. by Claude Roy. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1988.
*''Marc Riboud in China: Forty Years of Photography'' New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1997.
*''Marc Riboud: 50 Years of Photography'' by Annick Cojean. Flammarion, 2004.
*''Grands Travaux à Paris: 1981–1995'' with Seloua Luste Boulbina and Alexis Riboud. France: La Dispute, 2007.
*''Le Bon Usage du monde'' by Claude Roy. France: Éditions Rencontre, 1963.
*''Istanbul, 1950–2000''. With Jean-Claude Guillebaut. France: Imprimerie Nationale, 2003.
*''Huang Shan''
*''The Face of North Vietnam''. With Philippe Devilliers. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1970.
*''Chine: Instantanés de Voyage''. France: Arthaud, 1980.
*''Bangkok'' with William Warren. Weatherhill/Serasia, 1976.
*''Angkor: The Serenity of Buddhism''. London: Thames and Hudson, 1993.
*''Angkor: Sérénité bouddhique''. France: Institut Geographique National, 1998.

Exhibitions

*1958 ''Photographs From The Museum Collection'' (Museum of Modern Art, New York)
*1959 ''30th Anniversary Special Installation – Towards the "New" Museum'' (Museum of Modern Art, New York)
*1960 ''Photographs for Collectors'' (Museum of Modern Art, New York)
*1963 ''Marc Riboud'' (The Art Institute, Chicago)
*1964 ''Edward Steichen Photography Center'' (Museum of Modern Art, New York)
*1966 ''China'' (Institute of Contemporary Art, London)
*1967 ''China'' (The Photographers Gallery, London)
*1974 ''Marc Riboud'' (The Photographers Gallery, London)
*1975 ''Nord Vietnam'' ( Rote Fabrik, Zurich)
*1975 ''Against the Odds by Marc Riboud'' (International Center of Photography, NY)
*1977 ''Marc Riboud'' (Galerie Municipale, Toulouse)
*1978 ''Marc Riboud'' (Galerie Agathe Gaillard, Paris)
*1981 ''From China & Elsewhere'' (Gallery Photograph, NY)
*1981 ''China'' (The Photographers Gallery, London)
*1982 ''China'' (Galerie Photo, Geneva)
*1984 ''Hommage à Marc Riboud'' (Centre d'action culturelle and 'China' Galerie ACPA, Bordeaux)
*1985 ''Rétrospective'' (Musée d'Art moderne de la Ville, Paris)
*1988 ''Marc Riboud'' (Galerie Agathe Gaillard, Paris)
*1988 ''Marc Riboud'' (International Center of Photography, NY)
*1996 ''China, Travelling Exhibition'' (Centre National de Photographie, Paris – Barbican, London – International Center of Photography, NY)
*2004 ''Rétrospective'' (Maison européenne de la Photographie, Paris)
*2008 ''Les Inédits de Marc Riboud'' (Atelier Publimod, Paris)
*2008 ''Home on the Road'' (Howard Greenburg, New York)
*2009 ''Marc Riboud. L'Instinct de l'instant. 50 Years of Photography'' ( Musée de la Vie romantique, Paris)
*2009 ''China 1954–2004'' (Month of Photography Asia, Singapore)
*2010 ''Krishna Riboud's Garden'' (Musée des Arts asiatiques—Guimet, Paris)
*2014 ''Portraits of the 20th Century'' (Peter Fetterman Gallery, Santa Monica)
*2015 ''Marc Riboud'' (Salon Galic Croatian Association of Visual Artists, Croatia)
*2018 ''The World of Marc Riboud'' (Leica Gallery Tokyo, Tokyo)

References

Sources

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External links

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Magnum Photos portfolio

{{DEFAULTSORT:Riboud, Marc
1923 births
2016 deaths
People from Saint-Genis-Laval
Magnum photographers
French photojournalists
Photography in China
Photography in Japan
Vietnam War photographers
French Resistance members
École Centrale de Lyon alumni