Manuel Tuñón de Lara (1915–1997) was a Spanish historian.

Life

Born in

Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...

on 8 September 1915. He earned law degree from the University of Madrid in 1936. In 1932 he had joined the

Communist Youth Union The Communist Youth Union ( cs, Komunistický svaz mládeže) is a youth organization, unofficially cooperated with the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia. It was founded in 1990. The Czech Ministry of Interior dissolved KSM in 2006 due to its ...

, in 1937 becoming director of the cadre school of the

Unified Socialist Youth The Unified Socialist Youth (Spanish: Juventudes Socialistas Unificadas; JSU) was a youth organization formed in the spring of 1936 in Spain through the amalgamation of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) and Communist Party of Spain (PCE) ...

, and earning a place on the central committee. At the end of the

Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War ( es, Guerra Civil Española)) or The Revolution ( es, La Revolución, link=no) among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War ( es, Cuarta Guerra Carlista, link=no) among Carlists, and The Rebellion ( es, La Rebelión, lin ...

he was interned in a

concentration camp Internment is the imprisonment of people, commonly in large groups, without charges or intent to file charges. The term is especially used for the confinement "of enemy citizens in wartime or of terrorism suspects". Thus, while it can simply ...

. In 1946 he fled to

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

to escape persecution for his membership in the Union of Free Intellectuals. In Paris he completed his studies in history and authored numerous articles, which appeared in various Communist-affiliated publications throughout the world. In 1964 he became a professor and chair of

Spanish history The history of Spain dates to contact the pre-Roman peoples of the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula made with the Greeks and Phoenicians and the first writing systems known as Paleohispanic scripts were developed. During Classical A ...

and

Spanish literature Spanish literature generally refers to literature ( Spanish poetry, prose, and drama) written in the Spanish language within the territory that presently constitutes the Kingdom of Spain. Its development coincides and frequently intersects wit ...

at the University of Pau, where from 1970 to 1980 he organized the ''Colloquiums on the Contemporary History of Spain'', which encouraged the study of

social history Social history, often called the new social history, is a field of history that looks at the lived experience of the past. In its "golden age" it was a major growth field in the 1960s and 1970s among scholars, and still is well represented in his ...

and served as a focal point of discussion and debate, attracting many visiting scholars from Spanish universities. After the death of

Francisco Franco Francisco Franco Bahamonde (; 4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish general who led the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War ...

and the end of the

dictatorship A dictatorship is a form of government which is characterized by a leader, or a group of leaders, which holds governmental powers with few to no limitations on them. The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator. Politics in a dictatorship are ...

, Tuñón de Lara returned to Spain and continued teaching as a professor of the

University of the Balearic Islands The University of the Balearic Islands ( ca, Universitat de les Illes Balears, UIB; es, Universidad de las Islas Baleares ) is a Balearic Spanish university, founded in 1978 and located in Palma on the island of Majorca. The university is funde ...

and the

University of the Basque Country The University of the Basque Country ( eu, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, ''EHU''; es, Universidad del País Vasco, ''UPV''; UPV/EHU) is a Spanish public university of the Basque Autonomous Community. Heir of the University of Bilbao, initially ...

. He had four children : Sergio (1939), Elena (1943) Tuñón de Lara Arrazola, José Manuel Tunon de Lara (1958) and Paloma (1960) Tuñón de Lara Villanueva. He died in

Leioa Leioa ( es, Lejona) is a municipality in Biscay, Basque Country, in northern Spain. It is located south of Getxo and Berango delimitating east and south with Erandio, Portugalete and Sestao. Today it is part of the Bilbao conurbation. Its populat ...

on 25 January 1997.

Works

* ''Espagne'' (1955) * ''From Incas to Indios'' (1956) * ''El movimiento obrero en la historia de España'' (1962) * ''Variaciones del nivel de vida en España'' (1965) * ''Introducción a la historia del movimiento obrero'' (1965) * ''La España del siglo XX'' (1965) * ''Antonio Machado, poeta del pueblo'' (1967) * ''Medio siglo de cultura española'' (1970) * ''Estudios sobre el siglo XIX español'' (1971) * ''Metodología de la Historia social de España'' (1973) * ''La España del siglo XIX'' (1974) * ''La Segunda República'' (1976) * ''Luchas obreras y campesinas en la Andalucía del siglo XX : Jaén (1917-1920) : Sevilla (1930-1932)'' (1978) * ''España bajo la dictadura franquista'' (1980) * ''Tres claves para la Segunda República'' (1985) * ''España: la quiebra de 1898'' (1986) * ''Historia de España'' (editor) (1988) * ''Comunicación y cultura durante la II República y la Guerra Civil'' (1990)

References

External links

List of works by Manuel Tuñón de Lara
on

Dialnet The University of La Rioja (UR) is a public institution of higher education based in Logroño, La Rioja, Spain. Inaugurated during 1992-1993 from various existing schools and colleges, it currently teaches Grades 19 adapted to the European Higher ...

Número 26 del ''Bulletin d'Histoire Contemporaine de l'Espagne'', dedicated to Manuel Tuñón de Lara
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tunon De Lara, Manuel 1915 births 1997 deaths 20th-century Spanish historians Spanish people of the Spanish Civil War (Republican faction) People from Madrid Spanish expatriates in France Complutense University of Madrid alumni Academic staff of the University of the Basque Country Academic staff of the University of the Balearic Islands École pratique des hautes études alumni Historians of Spain Historians of the labour movement in Spain