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Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power ...

for ' ignedwith one's own hand'), abbreviated to ''m.p.'' or ''mppr.'' or ''mppria'' is a phrase sometimes used at the end of typewritten or printed documents when there is no handwritten signature. It is typically found just after the name(s) of the person(s) who would have signed the document if it had not been printed or typewritten. It is also found in several ancient documents in front of or after the writer's signature at the end of the document.

History

;Medieval period Richly decorated ''manu propria'' signs were frequently used by

medieval In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...

dignitaries and literates to verify the authenticity of handwritten documents. ;18th century ''mppria'' was commonly used in the 18th century. However, it was not only used for Latin documents. *Full autograph title-page of Symphony no.97 by

Joseph Haydn Franz Joseph Haydn ( , ; 31 March 173231 May 1809) was an Austrian composer of the Classical period. He was instrumental in the development of chamber music such as the string quartet and piano trio. His contributions to musical form have le ...

which reads 'Sinfonia in C/di me giuseppe Haydn mppria.

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' * Nobility Diploma André Falquet ;From the 19th century Later, official documents were routinely accompanied with this abbreviation, for example the declaration of war on Serbia by Emperor Franz Joseph from 1914 ends with ''m.p.''

Usage today

Ordinary personal

cheque A cheque, or check (American English; see spelling differences) is a document that orders a bank (or credit union) to pay a specific amount of money from a person's account to the person in whose name the cheque has been issued. The pers ...

s frequently include the abbreviation at the end of the signature line. ;By country Some of the countries that still regularly use ''manu propria'' include: *

Albania Albania ( ; sq, Shqipëri or ), or , also or . officially the Republic of Albania ( sq, Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern Europe. It is located on the Adriatic The Adriatic Sea () is a body of wa