Manu-Tongātea

Manu-Tongātea (also known as Mātotoru) was a Māori ''rangatira'' (chieftain) of Ngāti Ruanui and Mātaatua descent, who was probably based at Marokopa in Waikato, New Zealand and led a military expedition to the Bay of Plenty area, in around the late sixteenth century.

Background

Manu-Tongātea's mother was a lady of Marokopa called Peha-nui or Pēhā-nui, who was the daughter of Tongātea of Ngāti Ruanui, a descendant of Turi, the captain of the '' Aotea'' canoe, and a local lady called Manu. His father was Kai-ahi, from the Whakatāne area, a direct descendant of Toroa, who captained the '' Mātaatua'' canoe. gives the line of descent as Toroa – Ruaihono – Tahinga-o-te-rā – Awanui-a-rangi – Rongo-tangiawa – Ira-peke – Awatope – Kai-ahi. Kai-ahi met Peha when travelling with a group and had relations with her before returning to Whakatane, telling her that he would return later.

After Kai-ahi left, Peha-nui gave birth to Manu-Tongātea, whose full name was Te-Tehe-o-Manu-Tongātea ('the circumcised penis of Manu-Tongātea'), referring to the fact that his grandfather had been circumcised.

Kai-ahi's attack on Marokopa

After a few years, Kai-ahi returned, leading a raiding party. The locals fled, but Manu-Tongātea, now a young boy, was caught and tied up in a ''kete'' basket in order to be eaten in the morning. During the night, he cried out "Manu-Tongātea's skin is chilled by the wind. Peha-nui of Manu, Peha-nui of Kai-ahi," and Kai-ahi realised who he was, released him, and promised that he would get vengeance in the future.

Expedition to Rotoiti

When Manu-Tongātea was an adult, his mother told him that he could find Kai-ahi's homeland in the east and he raised a war party to go in search of him. When the party arrived at Lake Rotoiti, they found a village that had been attacked by Kai-ahi and the local chief married his daughter Wawara to Manu-Tongātea, although she was already engaged to another man.

Pei Te Hurinui Jones records a mournful '' waiata'' which Wawara sang about the arranged marriage, in which she weeps for the loss of her betrothed, describes her new husband as a 'shadow', and concludes:

After the marriage, Manu-Tongātea's party sacked two villages, but when the war party reached Kai-ahi's village, Manu-Tongātea called the war-party to a halt, walked up to Kai-ahi and made peace with him.

Family

Manu-Tongātea and Wawara had two sons:
* Kōkako, named for the Kōkako birds eaten by Manu-Tongātea's war-party on their journey to Rotoiti.
* Te Matau.

Sources and variants

The story of Manu-Tongātea is recorded by Pei Te Hurinui Jones based on an oral account which he heard from Te Nguha Huirama of Ngāti Tamainu-pō, Ngāti Maniapoto, and Ngāti Te Ata on 24 May 1932. The same story is reported by John White ''The Ancient History of the Maori. IV: Tainui'' (1888), but he gives Manu-Tongātea's father as Peha, son of Kai-ahi, and his mother as Peho and in this version Manu-Tongātea is captured and tied up when he goes to visit his father at Whakatane. In a version told to Bruce Biggs by Elsie Turnbull, Manu-Tongātea is instead a man of Maungatautari, who committed adultery with a lady of Marokopa and was tied to a wooden pole, but was released as a result of his cries and left a kokako-feather cloak for his unborn son, who was therefore named Kōkako.

References

Bibliography

*{{cite book , last1=Jones , first1=Pei Te Hurinui , last2=Biggs , first2=Bruce , title=Ngā iwi o Tainui : nga koorero tuku iho a nga tuupuna = The traditional history of the Tainui people , date=2004 , publisher=Auckland University Press , location=Auckland .Z., isbn=1869403312
Ngāti Ruanui people
Mātaatua
Māori tribal leaders
16th-century New Zealand people