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A royal mantle, or more simply a mantle, is a garment normally worn by emperors, kings or queens as a symbol of authority. When worn at a coronation, such mantles may be referred to as coronation mantles. Many princes also wear such a mantle. Sometimes the mantles are worn only once, but in other instances they may be worn or used on other occasions, such as during the opening of a session of the nation's legislature. Mantles also feature prominently in state portraiture and artwork featuring monarchs and princes.
In principle, there is no difference between the mantles of an emperor and king. Different countries have their own styles, and the shape of mantles has changed somewhat over the centuries. The oldest coats were not very long, and they were not lined with fur. In the 18th century, cloaks become more like each other and appeared everywhere in Europe. The French example was lined with fur, and a cloak with a long train became standard. Only the German emperors continued their short coat from the 12th century to the end of their empire.
The non-crowned but inaugurated Dutch kings wear a robe on the French model. In the Netherlands, one does not speak of a coronation mantle but uses the term "royal robe" ( nl, Koningsmantel; Dutch phonetic: γoningsmant∂l).
File:Gustav III by Alexander Roslin - no frame (Nationalmuseum, 15330).png,
File:Emperor Agustin I kroningsportret.JPG,
File:Maximilian of Mexico Winterhalter.jpg,
File:Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria Sept. 2006 001.jpg,
File:Auguste, Groothertogin van Mecklenburg-Schwerin.jpg,
File:Augusta von Preussen.jpg,
File:Franz_Xaver_Winterhalter_Napoleon_III.jpg,
File:FWIV.jpg,
File:Karel X-Koning der Fransen.jpg,
File:Guérin - Louis XVIII of France in Coronation Robes.jpg,
File:Francisco Goya - Portrait of Ferdinand VII of Spain in his robes of state (1815) - Prado.jpg,
File:Joseph-Bonaparte.jpg,
File:Ingres, Napoleon on his Imperial throne.jpg,
File:George III in Coronation Robes.jpg,
File:Ludvig XVI av Frankrike porträtterad av AF Callet.jpg,
File:Koning Lodewijk XV- Child.jpg,
File:Charles II of England.png,
File:Anne of Austria with her children (King Louis XIV and Philippe, Duke of Anjou) praying to the Holy trinity (Philippe de Champaigne).jpg,
File:Richard II of England large 02.jpg,
File:Adoubement1.jpg,
File:Coronation of Louis VIII and Blanche of Castile 1223.jpg,
The Austrian royal mantle
* ttps://web.archive.org/web/20070927195826/http://www.riksregaliene.no/index.gan?id=27157&subid=0 De Noorse kroningsmantels {{Clothing Fur Heraldry Coats (clothing) Robes and cloaks
A royal mantle, or more simply a mantle, is a garment normally worn by emperors, kings or queens as a symbol of authority. When worn at a coronation, such mantles may be referred to as coronation mantles. Many princes also wear such a mantle. Sometimes the mantles are worn only once, but in other instances they may be worn or used on other occasions, such as during the opening of a session of the nation's legislature. Mantles also feature prominently in state portraiture and artwork featuring monarchs and princes.
In principle, there is no difference between the mantles of an emperor and king. Different countries have their own styles, and the shape of mantles has changed somewhat over the centuries. The oldest coats were not very long, and they were not lined with fur. In the 18th century, cloaks become more like each other and appeared everywhere in Europe. The French example was lined with fur, and a cloak with a long train became standard. Only the German emperors continued their short coat from the 12th century to the end of their empire.
The non-crowned but inaugurated Dutch kings wear a robe on the French model. In the Netherlands, one does not speak of a coronation mantle but uses the term "royal robe" ( nl, Koningsmantel; Dutch phonetic: γoningsmant∂l).
Gallery
Bibliography
* Ruess, K.H. (red.), Becker, H-J. et al. (1997): ''Die Reichskleinodien, Herrschaftszeichen des Heiligen Römischen Reiches'', Gesellschaft für Staufische Geschichte, Göppingen, * Elzinga, E. (1990): ''Theater van staat: oude tradities rond een jong koningschap'', Rijksmuseum Paleis Het Loo, Apeldoorn * Fasseur, C. (1998): ''Wilhelmina, de jonge koningin'', Balans, Amsterdam * Fillitz, H. (1954): ''Die Insignien und Kleinodien des Heiligen Römischen Reiches'', Schroll, Wenen - München * Grijpma, Dieuwke (1999): ''Kleren voor de elite. Nederlandse couturiers en hun klanten 1882-2000'', Balans, Amsterdam, * Kubin, E. (1991): ''Die Reichskleinodien, Ihr tausendjähriger Weg'', Wenen - München, * Seipel, H.W. (2004): ''Nobiles Officinae. Die königlichen Hofwerkstätten zu Palermo zur Zeit der Normannen und Staufer im 12. und 13. Jahrhundert'', Skira, Milaan,See also
* Koningsmantel (Netherlands) * Swedish coronation robes * Mantle of Luís I * Mantle of João VI * Robe * Blessed Mantle of the Prophet MuhammadExternal links
The Austrian royal mantle
* ttps://web.archive.org/web/20070927195826/http://www.riksregaliene.no/index.gan?id=27157&subid=0 De Noorse kroningsmantels {{Clothing Fur Heraldry Coats (clothing) Robes and cloaks