Manglaur Riyasat is a town with

municipal board A township is a kind of human settlement or administrative subdivision, with its meaning varying in different countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, that tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Ca ...

Haridwar district Haridwar district () also spelled as ''Hardwar'' is a district in Garhwal which is a part of Uttarakhand, India. It is headquartered at Haridwar which is also its largest city. The district is ringed by the districts Dehradun in the north and ...

in the

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

state State may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State * ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States * ''Our S ...

Uttarakhand Uttarakhand ( , or ; , ), also known as Uttaranchal ( ; the official name until 2007), is a state in the northern part of India. It is often referred to as the "Devbhumi" (literally 'Land of the Gods') due to its religious significance and ...

. Pin code of Manglaur is 247656. Manglaur is located on national highway-58 (Delhi–Haridwar). It is 175 km away from Delhi and about 10 km from

Roorkee Roorkee (Rūṛkī) is a city and a municipal corporation in the Haridwar district of the state of Uttarakhand, India. It is from Haridwar city, the district headquarter. It is spread over a flat terrain under Sivalik Hills of Himalayas. The c ...

. At the time of the British it used to be a tehsil, Tehseel wali Masjid is still present there. And middle school building near Masjid used to Kachhari work. There was a Qila also the walls of which still exist in Shah Vilayat Masjid and that is a residential area now. The current chairman of Manglaur is Dilshad Ahmad.

History

Manglaur is an old place of

North India North India is a loosely defined region consisting of the northern part of India. The dominant geographical features of North India are the Indo-Gangetic Plain and the Himalayas, which demarcate the region from the Tibetan Plateau and Central ...

which has its own recognition. At one side, it has a matter of pride being a historical place and on the other hand, it bears such good people who are owners of unlimited assets. History is witness that its name is on the basis of its bearer whose name was Mangal Sen. For a long time it was the capital of the king Mangal Sen whose symbol is present even today in this town. There is also an evidence from Aaine Akbar (author Abul Fajal), too, that it was a historical place. Manglaur is a historical town where a fort made of brick is present which was built at the time of King Vikramaditya. During the medieval Indian period, Manglaur was mainly under the control of

Brahmins Brahmin (; sa, ब्राह्मण, brāhmaṇa) is a varna as well as a caste within Hindu society. The Brahmins are designated as the priestly class as they serve as priests (purohit, pandit, or pujari) and religious teachers (guru o ...

and Goojars. At the time of King Vikramaditya (380–415 A.D), Mangal Sen had built this fort. One portion of the wall of that fort is safe in corner of the shrine of Shah Vilayat. The width of this wall is 12 ft. And inside this surrounding there is a

Masjid A mosque (; from ar, مَسْجِد, masjid, ; literally "place of ritual prostration"), also called masjid, is a place of prayer for Muslims. Mosques are usually covered buildings, but can be any place where prayers ( sujud) are performed, i ...

present built by Gyasuddeen Balban whose kutba is fitted in the wall of the Masjid. From Mangal Sen to British Rule, Manglaur was a tehsil. Most of the time Manglaur was independent and it saw many rises and falls but for a short while during British rule, it become a far-east region of

Punjab Punjab (; Punjabi: پنجاب ; ਪੰਜਾਬ ; ; also romanised as ''Panjāb'' or ''Panj-Āb'') is a geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising ...

but was then later given to the

United Provinces of British India The United Provinces of British India, more commonly known as the United Provinces, was a province of British India, which came into existence on 3 January 1921 as a result of the renaming of the ''United Provinces of Agra and Oudh''. It corre ...

. One time also came when it was declared a district but British rule took back its status of district and converted it back into a tehsil and later on the state of tehsil was also taken back and made

the tehsil. Manglaur is listed in the

Ain-i-Akbari The ''Ain-i-Akbari'' ( fa, ) or the "Administration of Akbar", is a 16th-century detailed document recording the administration of the Mughal Empire under Emperor Akbar, written by his court historian, Abu'l Fazl in the Persian language. It for ...

as a

pargana Pargana ( bn, পরগনা, , hi, परगना, ur, پرگنہ) or parganah, also spelt pergunnah during the time of the Sultanate period, Mughal times and British Raj, is a former administrative unit of the Indian subcontinent and each ...

under the sarkar of

Saharanpur Saharanpur is a city and a municipal corporation in Uttar Pradesh, India. It is also the administrative headquarters of Saharanpur district. Saharanpur city's name was given after the Saint Shah Haroon Chishti. Saharanpur is declared as on ...

, producing a revenue of 2,350,311

dam A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use, a ...

s for the imperial treasury and supplying a force of 300 infantry and 40 cavalry. Its brick fort is also mentioned. The building which was the offices of tehsil at that time was converted into 'Middle Oriental School’. This building had been famous by name of middle school after independence. At present there is a Masjid nearby this school which is known as "tehseel wali masjid". And where was the main center of rule it is known as the name of Quila. Which is surrounded by roads and markets. After seeing this structure it can be said there was a trench around this quila by four sides for enemies. So that enemies could not reach inside Quila. Presently the Fort is converted into Mohalla Quila which is surrounded by following roads, Nagar Palika Chowk to Sarrafa Bazar road, Main Market to Haidri Chowk road, then mohalla malakpura to Nagar Palika Parishad road. At that time there was very less population outside town which is known as by the name of different Mohallas. These Mohallas have old buildings present still today. As Mohalla Lal Bag (Lal Bara), Jain Gali, kathaira have some old building which are witness of it historical. Manglaur Census2011 -

Entry of Muslims

The Turušhka ruler Sultan Sebüktegin conquered Manglaur after he defeated the king of the

Indus River The Indus ( ) is a transboundary river of Asia and a trans-Himalayan river of South and Central Asia. The river rises in mountain springs northeast of Mount Kailash in Western Tibet, flows northwest through the disputed region of Kashmir, ...

region, who was known as

Anandapala The Hindu Shahis (also known as Odi Shahis, Uḍi Śāhis, or Brahman Shahis, 822–1026 CE) were a dynasty that held sway over the Kabul Valley, Gandhara and western Punjab during the early medieval period in the Indian subcontinent. Details r ...

. Abu-Abbas bin Ahmad Asfar Aayni was Sebüktegin's minister at that time. At that time, Manglaur was an independent state. Its area was 5000 miles at that time. It was conquered and briefly held by Sebüktegin but wasn't held for long as Sebüktegin had to go back to

Afghanistan Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan,; prs, امارت اسلامی افغانستان is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia. Referred to as the Heart of Asia, it is bordere ...

causing Manglaur to fall back into the hands of native Indian rulers as soon as Sebüktegin went back to

Khorasan Khorasan may refer to: * Greater Khorasan, a historical region which lies mostly in modern-day northern/northwestern Afghanistan, northeastern Iran, southern Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan * Khorasan Province, a pre-2004 province of Ira ...

. At the time of Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, the Farooqi family came in Manglaur, who founded a

Madrassa Madrasa (, also , ; Arabic: مدرسة , pl. , ) is the Arabic word for any type of educational institution, secular or religious (of any religion), whether for elementary instruction or higher learning. The word is variously transliterated '' ...

there for the education of

Muslims Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abraha ...

. In 1056 AD, a

Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...

missionary A missionary is a member of a Religious denomination, religious group which is sent into an area in order to promote its faith or provide services to people, such as education, literacy, social justice, health care, and economic development.Tho ...

named Sulaiman Gyasudeen Gauri brought the generation of Amirul Momineen Hasan to Manglaur for further education of the

. At that time it was known as Dawaba Manglaur, Bhosak Pura Mangal Sen. There was a big factory (karkhana) of islah saji. Hasni was good in islah Saji and kamaan saji, Today they are known as kamangarana. Maulana Sheikh Jamaluddin Gaznavi Mijaz Sheikh Ahmad Chisti is from the Hasani generation whose grave is present in Mohalla Malakpura at the bank of Jamaal Pond. Today, this pond is known as Jamaal Garha. In 17th century, a

Sufi Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, ...

saint named Shah Abdul Ghafoor Kardatani came in Manglaur and died here teaching

Islam Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ...

to the locals. His shrine was built by Gyasudeen Balban after his death. In 1857, when the Great Indian Rebellion had started against the rule of the British, many

of Manglaur joined the rebellion. They attacked many British Army outposts in and around the town of Manglaur. The Muslims in this region played a vital role during the rebellion fighting against British rule. After the rebellion was over, a

named Jamiya Arbiya Al Muslimeen was established in Manglaur. During British rule until 1947, it was an important learning and education centre for

all over

British India The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance on the Indian subcontinent. Collectively, they have been called British India. In one ...

. After the

Partition of India The Partition of British India in 1947 was the Partition (politics), change of political borders and the division of other assets that accompanied the dissolution of the British Raj in South Asia and the creation of two independent dominions: ...

in 1947, the town became a part of

state in

and some

fled to

Delhi Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, primarily its western or right bank, Delhi shares borders w ...

to board the refugee trains heading to the newly-created nation of

Pakistan Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...

but the majority of

surprisingly stayed in India. Today, the Muslims are a well established community in this town and the town is also the only majority Muslim region in the state of

Notable people

* Muhammad Nizamuddin, Indian politician from Uttarakhand and a three term member of the

Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly The Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly, also known as the Uttarakhand Vidhan Sabha, is a unicameral governing and law making body of Uttarakhand, one of the 28 states of India. It is seated at Dehradun, the winter capital, and Bhararisain, the summ ...

Tufail Ahmad Manglori Maulvi Syed Tufail Ahmad Manglori was a colonial Indian educationalist and historian who was known for his establishment of City High School of the Aligarh Muslim University, founding of the journal ''Soodmand'', and opposition to the partiti ...

, Indian Muslim scholar

Demographics

The Manglaur Nagar Palika Parishad has population of 52,971 of which 27,761 are males while 25,210 are females as per report released by Census India 2011. Population of Children with age of 0-6 is 8240 which is 15.56 % of total population of Manglaur (NPP). In Manglaur Nagar Palika Parishad, Female Sex Ratio is of 908 against state average of 963. Moreover Child Sex Ratio in Manglaur is around 931 compared to Uttarakhand state average of 890. Literacy rate of Manglaur city is 59.04 % lower than state average of 78.82 %. In Manglaur, Male literacy is around 64.12 % while female literacy rate is 53.43 %.

References

External links

Official website of Manglaur
{{Municipalities of Uttarakhand Cities and towns in Haridwar district