ape Apes (collectively Hominoidea ) are a clade of Old World simians native to sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia (though they were more widespread in Africa, most of Asia, and as well as Europe in prehistory), which together with its sister g ...

Tarzan Tarzan (John Clayton II, Viscount Greystoke) is a fictional character, an archetypal feral child raised in the African jungle by the Mangani great apes; he later experiences civilization, only to reject it and return to the wild as a heroic adv ...

Edgar Rice Burroughs Edgar Rice Burroughs (September 1, 1875 – March 19, 1950) was an American author, best known for his prolific output in the adventure, science fiction, and fantasy genres. Best-known for creating the characters Tarzan and John Carter, he ...

human Humans (''Homo sapiens'') are the most abundant and widespread species of primate, characterized by bipedalism and exceptional cognitive skills due to a large and complex brain. This has enabled the development of advanced tools, culture, ...

gorilla Gorillas are herbivorous, predominantly ground-dwelling great apes that inhabit the tropical forests of equatorial Africa. The genus ''Gorilla'' is divided into two species: the eastern gorilla and the western gorilla, and either four or fi ...

Jungle Tales of Tarzan ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' is a collection of twelve loosely connected short stories by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, comprising the sixth book in order of publication in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan ...

Yeti The Yeti ()"Yeti"
''

Philip José Farmer Philip José Farmer (January 26, 1918 – February 25, 2009) was an American author known for his science fiction and fantasy novels and short stories. Obituary. Farmer is best known for his sequences of novels, especially the ''World of Tiers ...

speculated they might be a variety of australopithecines such as ''

Australopithecus ''Australopithecus'' (, ; ) is a genus of early hominins that existed in Africa during the Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene. The genus ''Homo'' (which includes modern humans) emerged within ''Australopithecus'', as sister to e.g. ''Austral ...

'' in his pseudo-biography of Tarzan, ''

Tarzan Alive ''Tarzan Alive: A Definitive Biography of Lord Greystoke'' is a fictional biography by American author Philip José Farmer, that alleges the life of Edgar Rice Burroughs' character Tarzan, is a story of a real person. The book was first published ...

''. Walt Disney Pictures' 1999 animated feature film ''

Tarzan Tarzan (John Clayton II, Viscount Greystoke) is a fictional character, an archetypal feral child raised in the African jungle by the Mangani great apes; he later experiences civilization, only to reject it and return to the wild as a heroic adv ...

'', its sequels '' Tarzan & Jane ''and''

Tarzan II ''Tarzan II'' (also known as ''Tarzan 2'' and ''Tarzan 2: The Legend Begins'') is a 2005 American direct-to-video musical animated film, and the third and final Disney ''Tarzan'' film after ''Tarzan and Jane'', though it chronologically takes pla ...

'', and the television series '' The Legend of Tarzan'' based on it, portray the apes who raised Tarzan as gorillas, though in the books gorillas, called ''Bolgani'' by the ''Mangani'', are explicitly stated to be a separate species. As described by Burroughs, ''Mangani'' are organized in tribal bands ruled by dominant males, or "kings", which subsist by foraging for fruit, grubs, insects, and sometimes meat, in localized territories. Tribes are generally identified by the names of their kings. Burroughs portrays the ''Mangani'' (and indeed most jungle animals) as susceptible to occasional bouts of madness in which they will lash out violently and unpredictably at other living creatures in their vicinity. Tarzan is raised in the tribe of

Kerchak Kerchak is a fictional ape character in Edgar Rice Burroughs's original ''Tarzan'' novel, ''Tarzan of the Apes'', and in movies and other media based on it. History In the novel ''Tarzan of the Apes'', Kerchak is the "king" of a tribal band of M ...

, based in the coastal jungle of equatorial Africa, as shown in ''

Tarzan of the Apes ''Tarzan of the Apes'' is a 1912 story by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, and the first in the Tarzan series. It was first serialized in the pulp magazine '' The All-Story'' beginning October 1912 before being released as a novel in June ...

'' and ''

Jungle Tales of Tarzan ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' is a collection of twelve loosely connected short stories by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, comprising the sixth book in order of publication in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan ...

''. As an adult he comes to lead this tribe; later, he becomes accepted in other tribes of ''Mangani'', such as the tribe of Molak in ''

The Beasts of Tarzan ''The Beasts of Tarzan'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the third in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. Originally serialized in '' All-Story Cavalier'' magazine in 1914, the novel was first ...

''. Tarzan continued to associate occasionally with his original tribe until cast out in ''

Tarzan and the Golden Lion ''Tarzan and the Golden Lion'' is an adventure novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the ninth in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. It was first published as a seven part serial in ''Argosy All-Story We ...

'', as the result of a Tarzan impersonator having murdered one of its members. Altogether, ''Mangani'' appear in 15 of the Tarzan books; the first through seventh (''

Tarzan of the Apes ''Tarzan of the Apes'' is a 1912 story by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, and the first in the Tarzan series. It was first serialized in the pulp magazine '' The All-Story'' beginning October 1912 before being released as a novel in June ...

'', ''

The Return of Tarzan ''The Return of Tarzan'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the second in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. It was first published in the pulp magazine '' New Story Magazine'' in the issues for ...

'', ''

The Beasts of Tarzan ''The Beasts of Tarzan'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the third in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. Originally serialized in '' All-Story Cavalier'' magazine in 1914, the novel was first ...

'', ''

The Son of Tarzan ''The Son of Tarzan'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the fourth in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. It was written between January 21 and May 11, 1915, and first published in the magazine ' ...

'', ''

Tarzan and the Jewels of Opar ''Tarzan and the Jewels of Opar'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the fifth in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. It first appeared in the November and December issues of ''All-Story Cavalier W ...

'', ''

Jungle Tales of Tarzan ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' is a collection of twelve loosely connected short stories by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, comprising the sixth book in order of publication in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan ...

'', ''

Tarzan the Untamed ''Tarzan the Untamed'' is a book by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the seventh in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. It was originally published as two separate stories serialized in different pulp magazines; ...

''), the ninth (''

Tarzan and the Golden Lion ''Tarzan and the Golden Lion'' is an adventure novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the ninth in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. It was first published as a seven part serial in ''Argosy All-Story We ...

''), the 11th and 12th (''

Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle ''Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle'' is an American animated series created by the Filmation studio for Saturday mornings on CBS, starting in 1976. This was the first animated series about the jungle hero. There are 36 episodes produced over four sea ...

'', ''

Tarzan and the Lost Empire ''Tarzan and the Lost Empire'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the twelfth in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. It was first published as a serial in ''Blue Book Magazine'' from October 1928 thr ...

''), the 14th (''

Tarzan the Invincible ''Tarzan the Invincible'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the fourteenth in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. The novel was originally serialized in the magazine ''Blue Book'' from October, 19 ...

''), the 18th ('' Tarzan and the Leopard Men''), the 20th (''

Tarzan and the Forbidden City ''Tarzan and the Forbidden City'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the twentieth in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. Plot summary A young man named Brian Gregory has disappeared in Africa, loo ...

''), the 23rd (''

Tarzan and the Madman ''Tarzan and the Madman'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the twenty-third in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. Written from January to February 1940, the story was never published in Burroughs' ...

''), and the 26th ('' Tarzan: The Lost Adventure'').

Known Mangani tribes

A list of tribal groups of ''Mangani'' and individual named ''Mangani'' associated with them as portrayed in the Tarzan novels follows, together with the titles of the books in which they appear or are referenced. Individuals associated with more than one tribe may be listed more than once. Tribe of Go-lat * Go-lat ("Black-eye") (m.), king – ''

Tarzan the Untamed ''Tarzan the Untamed'' is a book by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the seventh in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. It was originally published as two separate stories serialized in different pulp magazines; ...

'' * Zu-tag ("Big-neck") (m.) – ''Tarzan the Untamed'' Tribe of Kerchak (later of Tarzan, Terkoz, Karnath, Pagth) * Chulk ("?") (m.) – ''

Tarzan and the Jewels of Opar ''Tarzan and the Jewels of Opar'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the fifth in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. It first appeared in the November and December issues of ''All-Story Cavalier W ...

'' * Gazan ("Red-skin") (m.) – ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Gobu ("Black-male") (m.) – ''Tarzan and the Golden Lion'' * Go-yad ("Black-ear") (m.), later of the tribe of Toyat – ''

Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle ''Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle'' is an American animated series created by the Filmation studio for Saturday mornings on CBS, starting in 1976. This was the first animated series about the jungle hero. There are 36 episodes produced over four sea ...

''; ''

Tarzan and the Lost Empire ''Tarzan and the Lost Empire'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the twelfth in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. It was first published as a serial in ''Blue Book Magazine'' from October 1928 thr ...

'' * Gozan ("Black-skin") (m.) – ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Gunto ("?-purple") (m.) – ''Tarzan of the Apes''; ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' *

Kala Kala or Kalah may refer to: Religion Hinduism *Kāla, a Sanskrit word meaning ''time'' *Kāla, a Hindu deity of time, destiny, death and destruction closely related to Yama and Shiva. *Kalā, a Sanskrit word meaning ''performing arts'' * Kala Bo, ...

("Milk-light") (f.) – ''Tarzan of the Apes''; ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Kama ("Milk-child") (f.) – ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Karnath ("?") (m.), king after Tarzan – ''

The Return of Tarzan ''The Return of Tarzan'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the second in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. It was first published in the pulp magazine '' New Story Magazine'' in the issues for ...

'' *

Kerchak Kerchak is a fictional ape character in Edgar Rice Burroughs's original ''Tarzan'' novel, ''Tarzan of the Apes'', and in movies and other media based on it. History In the novel ''Tarzan of the Apes'', Kerchak is the "king" of a tribal band of M ...

("?") (m.), king – ''Tarzan of the Apes''; ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Mamka ("?-milk") (f.) – ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Mumga ("?-red") (f.) – ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Mungo ("?-black") (m.) – ''Tarzan of the Apes'' * Neeta ("Duck-little") (f.) – ''Tarzan of the Apes''; ''Tarzan and the Golden Lion'' * Numgo ("?-black") (m.) – ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Pagth ("?") (m.), king after Karnath – ''Tarzan and the Golden Lion'' * Taglat ("Neck-nose") (m.) – ''Tarzan and the Jewels of Opar'' * Tana ("Warrior-light") (f.) – ''Tarzan of the Apes'' * Taug ("Tall-bottom") (m.) – ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Teeka ("?") (f.) – ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' * Terkoz ("?") (m.), king between Tarzan's stints as king – ''Tarzan of the Apes'' * Thaka ("?") (m.) – ''Tarzan of the Apes,'' ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' *

Tublat Tublat is a fictional ape character in Edgar Rice Burroughs's original Tarzan novel, ''Tarzan of the Apes'' and one of its sequels, ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'', as well as animated films, television series and other media based on them. History In ...

("Broken-nose") (m.) – ''Tarzan of the Apes''; ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' Tribe of Mal-gash (also called the tribe of Ho-den and the Servants of God) * Fernando (m.), ''mangani'' name unknown – ''

Tarzan and the Madman ''Tarzan and the Madman'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the twenty-third in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. Written from January to February 1940, the story was never published in Burroughs' ...

'' * Mal-gash ("Yellow-Tooth") (m.), king – ''Tarzan and the Madman'' * Sancho (m.), ''mangani'' name unknown – ''Tarzan and the Madman'' Tribe of Molak * Akut ("Light-hole") (m.), later solitary – ''The Beasts of Tarzan''; ''

The Son of Tarzan ''The Son of Tarzan'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the fourth in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. It was written between January 21 and May 11, 1915, and first published in the magazine ' ...

'' * Molak ("Short-?") (m.), king – ''The Beasts of Tarzan'' Tribe of Toyat * Gayat or Ga-yat ("Red-eye") (m.) – ''Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle''; ''Tarzan and the Lost Empire''; ''

Tarzan the Invincible ''Tarzan the Invincible'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the fourteenth in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. The novel was originally serialized in the magazine ''Blue Book'' from October, 19 ...

''; '' Tarzan and the Leopard Men'' * Go-yad ("Black-ear") (m.), formerly of the tribe of Kerchak – ''Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle''; ''Tarzan and the Lost Empire'' * M'walot ("Blue-face") (m.) – ''Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle'' * Toyat or To-yat ("Purple-eye") (m.), king – ''Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle''; ''Tarzan the Invincible'' * Zutho or Zu-tho ("Big-mouth") (m.), later king of the tribe of Zutho, later of the tribe of Ungo – ''Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle''; ''Tarzan and the Lost Empire''; ''Tarzan the Invincible''; ''Tarzan and the Leopard Men''; ''

Tarzan and the Forbidden City ''Tarzan and the Forbidden City'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the twentieth in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. Plot summary A young man named Brian Gregory has disappeared in Africa, loo ...

''; ''Tarzan and the Madman'' Tribe of Ungo (possibly the same as the later tribe of Zutho) * Ga-un ("Red-?") (m.) – ''Tarzan and the Forbidden City''; ''Tarzan and the Madman'' * Ungo ("Jackal") (m.), king – ''Tarzan and the Forbidden City''; ''Tarzan and the Madman'' * Zutho or Zu-tho ("Big-mouth") (m.), formerly of the tribe of Toyat, formerly king of the tribe of Zutho – ''Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle''; ''Tarzan and the Lost Empire''; ''Tarzan the Invincible''; ''Tarzan and the Leopard Men''; ''Tarzan and the Forbidden City''; ''Tarzan and the Madman'' Tribe of Zutho (split from the earlier tribe of Toyat, possibly the same as the later tribe of Ungo) * Zutho or Zu-tho ("Big-mouth") (m.), king, formerly of tribe of Toyat, later of the tribe of Ungo – ''Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle''; ''Tarzan and the Lost Empire''; ''Tarzan and the Leopard Men''; ''Tarzan the Invincible''; ''Tarzan and the Forbidden City''; ''Tarzan and the Madman'' Tribe of Zu-yad * Go-lot ("Black-face") (m.) – '' Tarzan: the Lost Adventure'' * Zu-yad ("Big-ear") (m.), king – ''Tarzan: the Lost Adventure'' Rogue (tribeless) ''Mangani'' * Toog ("?") (m.) – ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan''

As a language

The ''Mangani'' language is depicted as a primal universal language shared by many primate species in addition to the ''Mangani'' themselves, including monkeys (''

Jungle Tales of Tarzan ''Jungle Tales of Tarzan'' is a collection of twelve loosely connected short stories by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, comprising the sixth book in order of publication in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan ...

'' and others), gorillas, Indonesian

orangutan Orangutans are great apes native to the rainforests of Indonesia and Malaysia. They are now found only in parts of Borneo and Sumatra, but during the Pleistocene they ranged throughout Southeast Asia and South China. Classified in the genu ...

s (''

Tarzan and the Foreign Legion ''Tarzan and the Foreign Legion'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, the twenty-second in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan. The book, written June–September 1944 while Burroughs was living in Hon ...

''), and the more man-like Sagoths of

Pellucidar Pellucidar is a fictional Hollow Earth invented by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs for a series of action adventure stories. In a crossover event, Tarzan, who was also created by Burroughs, visits Pellucidar. The stories initially involv ...

(''

Tarzan at the Earth's Core ''Tarzan at the Earth's Core'' is a novel by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, serialized in September 1929 to March 1930, the thirteenth in his series of twenty-four books about the title character Tarzan and the fourth in his series set i ...

''). In the later Tarzan novels, Tarzan is shown conversing in ''Mangani'' with his monkey companion

Nkima Nkima is a fictional character in Edgar Rice Burroughs' Tarzan novels, and in adaptations of the saga to other media, particularly comics. His name comes from either the word N'kima ('monkey' in the Mbugu language, a regional dialect of Swahili) ...

more often than with the ''Mangani'' themselves. In the crossover novel ''

King Kong vs. Tarzan ''King Kong vs. Tarzan'' is a 2016 novel by Will Murray, featuring the characters created by Edgar Rice Burroughs in a Crossover (fiction), crossover with the characters created by Merian C. Cooper for the novelization of King Kong. It is authoriz ...

'', the giant, prehistoric ape

King Kong King Kong is a fictional giant monster resembling a gorilla, who has appeared in various media since 1933. He has been dubbed The Eighth Wonder of the World, a phrase commonly used within the franchise. His first appearance was in the novelizat ...

possibly also understands the language; though it is left ambiguous whether he actually understood it or was copying what Tarzan said in ''Mangani''. Other jungle animals are depicted as having their own bestial languages, but also as being able to understand ''Mangani'' to varying degrees. Whether the ''Mangani'' in turn understand any other animal languages is uncertain; Tarzan, at least, comprehends to some extent at least a few. In ''

Tarzan of the Apes ''Tarzan of the Apes'' is a 1912 story by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, and the first in the Tarzan series. It was first serialized in the pulp magazine '' The All-Story'' beginning October 1912 before being released as a novel in June ...

'', before learning any spoken ''human'' languages, he avers "I speak only the language of my tribe—the great apes who were Kerchak's; and a little of the languages of Tantor, the elephant, and Numa, the lion, and of the other folks of the jungle I understand." The ''Mangani'' language as described by Burroughs is made up largely of grunts and growls representing nouns and various basic concepts. The bestial quality of the speech, however, does not come through in the rather large lexicon of ''Mangani'' words Burroughs actually provides. The ''depicted'' language can be thought of as bearing a relationship to the ''described'' language similar to that of the movies' euphonious "

Tarzan yell The Tarzan yell or Tarzan's jungle call is the distinctive, ululating yell of the character Tarzan as portrayed by actor Johnny Weissmuller in the films based on the character created by Edgar Rice Burroughs starting with ''Tarzan the Ape Man'' ( ...

" to the books' terrifying "victory cry of the bull ape" from which it supposedly derives; the example in each instance falls short of embodying the description. The word "mangani" is a compound, with ''man'' meaning "great" or "large" and ''gani'' meaning "ape" (or perhaps "people"). With modifications, the term is also applied to humans, ''gomangani'' ("dark-great-ape") for black-skinned humans and ''tarmangani'' ("light-great-ape") for white-skinned humans, suggesting that the Mangani regard human beings as variations on their own type. Notably, gorillas do not seem to be regarded as "''man''" ''gani'', but as a different type of "ape," ''bolgani'' ("flat" or "earth-bound ape"). Some examples (with translation) of Burroughs' ''Mangani'' words follow. * ''Tarzan'' = White-skin * ''Mangani'' = Great Apes (also refers to humans) ** ''tarmangani'' = "Great White Apes," i.e., white-skinned people, such as Tarzan himself ** ''gomangani'' = "Great Black Apes," i.e., dark-skinned people, * ''bolgani'' = "Flat arth-boundApes," i.e., gorillas. * ''nala'' = up * ''tand-nala'' = down * ''

Kreegah bundolo ''Kreegah bundolo'' is a phrase that Tarzan—and the tribe of apes that raised him—cry out to warn of danger, for example, "Kreegah bundolo! White men come with hunt sticks. Kill!" According to the fictional ape language worked out by Tarzan c ...

'' = "Beware (I) kill!" * ''Kagoda'' = "Surrender" (depending upon the inflection used, the word can be a demand for surrender or a concession of surrender) * ''Numa'' = Lion * ''Kanugani'' = False Apes (referring to the anthropomorphic apes Zira and Cornelius in the crossover ''

Tarzan on the Planet of the Apes ''Tarzan on the Planet of the Apes'' is a 2016 comic book miniseries combining the Tarzan and ''Planet of the Apes'' media franchises. Plot In an alternate take on ''Escape from the Planet of the Apes'' where Cornelius, Zira and Dr. Milo travel to ...

'') *''Tantor'' = elephant

''Mangani'' in other media

Attempts to portray the ''Mangani'' outside the medium of their origin have varied. The Tarzan comic strip and comic books generally have no difficulty in visualizing them according to Burroughs' vision, though the Tarzan comic books published by

Malibu Comics Malibu Comics Entertainment, Inc. (also known as Malibu Graphics) was an American comic book publisher active in the late 1980s and early 1990s, best known for its Ultraverse line of superhero titles. Notable titles published by Malibu included ' ...

in the early 1990s suggested the Mangani were a variety of Bigfoot or Sasquatch. In the live-action Tarzan films they have generally been represented by a token individual,

Cheeta Cheeta (sometimes billed as Cheetah, Cheta, and Chita) is a chimpanzee character that appeared in numerous Hollywood Tarzan films of the 1930s–1960s, as well as the 1966–1968 television series, as the ape sidekick of the title character, Tarza ...

, a chimpanzee. The chief exception is the 1984 '' Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes'', which adheres closely to Burroughs' description; in this film, adult ''Mangani'' are portrayed by human actors in ape costumes, while the roles of immature ''Mangani'' are taken by chimpanzees. However, the Mangani language is not used in the film, with subtitles or otherwise, and as a result the name "Tarzan" is used nowhere in the film, except in the title. Walt Disney Pictures' 1999 animated feature film ''

Tarzan Tarzan (John Clayton II, Viscount Greystoke) is a fictional character, an archetypal feral child raised in the African jungle by the Mangani great apes; he later experiences civilization, only to reject it and return to the wild as a heroic adv ...

'', its sequels Tarzan & Jane and

Tarzan II ''Tarzan II'' (also known as ''Tarzan 2'' and ''Tarzan 2: The Legend Begins'') is a 2005 American direct-to-video musical animated film, and the third and final Disney ''Tarzan'' film after ''Tarzan and Jane'', though it chronologically takes pla ...

, and the television series '' The Legend of Tarzan'' based on it, portray the apes who raised Tarzan as gorillas. The only use of the term ''Mangani'' in the television series is as the proper name of an individual ghostly white ape who possesses mystical powers. The 2016 live-action film '' The Legend of Tarzan'' featured the ''Mangani'' as a distinct species of ape, describing them as being more aggressive and dangerous than gorillas. The ''Mangani'' themselves were

computer-generated images Computer-generated imagery (CGI) is the use of computer graphics to create or contribute to images in art, printed media, video games, simulators, and visual effects in films, television programs, shorts, commercials, and videos. The images m ...

using motion capture technology. Poems in Mangani have been written by members of the

Oulipo Oulipo (, short for french: Ouvroir de littérature potentielle; roughly translated: ''"workshop of potential literature"'', stylized ''OuLiPo'') is a loose gathering of (mainly) French-speaking writers and mathematicians who seek to create works ...

group, like

Jacques Jouet Jacques Jouet in 2012. Jacques Jouet (born 9 October 1947) is a French writer and has been a participating member of the Oulipo literary project since 1983. He is a poet, novelist, short story writer, playwright, essayiste, and plasticine artist ...

,

Jacques Roubaud Jacques Roubaud (; born 5 December 1932 in Caluire-et-Cuire, Rhône) is a French poet, writer and mathematician Life and career Jacques Roubaud taught Mathematics at University of Paris X Nanterre and Poetry at EHESS. A member of the Oulipo gr ...

, or

Hervé Le Tellier Hervé Le Tellier (born 21 April 1957) is a French writer and linguist, and a member of the international literary group Oulipo (Ouvroir de Littérature Potentielle, which translates roughly as "workshop of potential literature"). He is its fou ...

.

Other uses

* In an episode of ''

The Fabulous Furry Freak Brothers ''The Fabulous Furry Freak Brothers'' is an underground comic about a fictional trio of stoner characters, created by the American artist Gilbert Shelton. The Freak Brothers first appeared in ''The Rag'', an underground newspaper published in A ...

'', Fat Freddy roars "Kreegah!" before robbing a grocery store. *

Dogbert This is a list of characters that have appeared in Scott Adams' ''Dilbert'' comic strip. Primary characters Dilbert The main character in the strip, Dilbert is a stereotypical technically-minded single male. Prior to October 2014, he was us ...

reacts to

Dilbert ''Dilbert'' is an American comic strip written and illustrated by Scott Adams, first published on April 16, 1989. It is known for its satirical office humor about a white-collar, micromanaged office with engineer Dilbert as the title charact ...

's descent into savagery with "Kreegah! Bundolo!" in a February 1995 ''

Dilbert ''Dilbert'' is an American comic strip written and illustrated by Scott Adams, first published on April 16, 1989. It is known for its satirical office humor about a white-collar, micromanaged office with engineer Dilbert as the title charact ...

'' strip.

Notes

References

General

* Straight Dope Science Advisory Board.
What kind of ape was Tarzan raised by?
" Nov. 29, 2001.

Lexicons

* Bozarth, David Bruce.

* Coogan, Peter.
English-Mangani/Mangani-English Dictionary
(pdf) * Stephan, Ed.

* Stephan, Ed.

* Whatsits Galore.

{{Tarzan Tarzan characters Fictional apes Fictional languages

As a species of ape

Known Mangani tribes

As a language

''Mangani'' in other media

Other uses

Notes

References

General

Lexicons