Dimanganese decacarbonyl is the
chemical compound
A chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) containing atoms from more than one chemical element held together by chemical bonds. A molecule consisting of atoms of only one element ...
with the
formula
In science, a formula is a concise way of expressing information symbolically, as in a mathematical formula or a ''chemical formula''. The informal use of the term ''formula'' in science refers to the general construct of a relationship betwee ...
Mn
2(CO)
10. This
metal carbonyl is an important
reagent
In chemistry, a reagent ( ) or analytical reagent is a substance or compound added to a system to cause a chemical reaction, or test if one occurs. The terms ''reactant'' and ''reagent'' are often used interchangeably, but reactant specifies a ...
in the
organometallic chemistry
Organometallic chemistry is the study of organometallic compounds, chemical compounds containing at least one chemical bond between a carbon atom of an organic molecule and a metal, including alkali, alkaline earth, and transition metals, and so ...
of
manganese
Manganese is a chemical element with the symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is a hard, brittle, silvery metal, often found in minerals in combination with iron. Manganese is a transition metal with a multifaceted array of industrial alloy use ...
.
Synthesis
The compound was first prepared in low yield by the reduction of manganese iodide with
magnesium
Magnesium is a chemical element with the symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a shiny gray metal having a low density, low melting point and high chemical reactivity. Like the other alkaline earth metals (group 2 of the periodic ta ...
under
CO.
[Brimm, E. O.; Lynch, M. A.; Sesny, W. J. "Preparation and Properties of Manganese Carbonyl" Journal of the American Chemical Society 1954, volume 76, page 3831 - 3835.] A more efficient preparation entails reduction of anhydrous
MnCl2 with sodium
benzophenone ketyl under 200 atmospheres of CO. The availability of inexpensive
methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl
Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT or MCMT) is an organomanganese compound with the formula (C5H4CH3)Mn(CO)3. Initially marketed as a supplement for use in leaded gasoline, MMT was later used in unleaded gasoline to increase the o ...
("MMT") has led to a low pressure route to Mn
2(CO)
10.
Structure
The crystal structure of Mn
2(CO)
10 was redetermined at high precision at room temperature in 1981
[ and bond lengths mentioned herein refer to results from that study. Mn2(CO)10 has no bridging CO ligands: it can be described as containing two axially-linked (CO)5Mn- subunits. There are two kinds of CO ligands; there is one CO linked to each Mn atom that is coaxial with the Mn-Mn bond and there are four “equatorial” carbonyls bonded to each Mn atom that are nearly perpendicular to the Mn-Mn bond (Mn’-Mn-CO(equatorial) angles range from 84.61(7) to 89.16(7) degrees). The axial carbonyl distance of (181.1 pm) is 4.5 pm shorter than the average equatorial manganese-carbonyl distance of 185.6 pm. In the stable rotamer, the two Mn(CO)5 subunits are staggered. Thus, the overall molecule has approximate ]point group
In geometry, a point group is a mathematical group of symmetry operations (isometries in a Euclidean space) that have a fixed point in common. The coordinate origin of the Euclidean space is conventionally taken to be a fixed point, and every p ...
D4d symmetry, which is an uncommon symmetry shared with S2F10.[L. F. Dahl, E. Ishishi, R. E. Rundle "Polynuclear Metal Carbonyls. I. Structures of Mn2(CO)10 and Re2(CO)10 J. Chem. Phys. 1957, volume 26, p. 1750. ] The Mn2(CO)10 molecule is isomorphous with Re2(CO)10 and the corresponding decacarbonyl of Tc.
Reactions
Mn2(CO)10 is air stable as a crystalline solid, but solutions require Schlenk techniques. It finds limited use in organic synthesis
Organic synthesis is a special branch of chemical synthesis and is concerned with the intentional construction of organic compounds. Organic molecules are often more complex than inorganic compounds, and their synthesis has developed into one o ...
.[Pauson, P. L. "Decacarbonyldimanganese" in Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (Ed: L. Paquette) 2004, J. Wiley & Sons, New York. .] Characteristic reactions:
*Reduction of Mn2(CO)10 gives the manganese pentacarbonyl anion, which can be isolated as a salt
Salt is a mineral composed primarily of sodium chloride (NaCl), a chemical compound belonging to the larger class of salts; salt in the form of a natural crystalline mineral is known as rock salt or halite. Salt is present in vast quantitie ...
:
:Mn2(CO)10 + 2 Na → 2 Na n(CO)5The anion is a versatile nucleophile. Protonation gives the hydride
In chemistry, a hydride is formally the anion of hydrogen( H−). The term is applied loosely. At one extreme, all compounds containing covalently bound H atoms are called hydrides: water (H2O) is a hydride of oxygen, ammonia is a hydride of ...
Mn(CO)5 and methylation gives CH3)Mn(CO)5
*Bromination of Mn2(CO)10 proceeds with scission of the Mn-Mn bond to give manganese pentacarbonyl bromide
Manganese pentacarbonyl bromide is an organomanganese compound with the formula BrMn(CO)5. It is a bright orange solid that is a precursor to other manganese complexes. The compound is prepared by treatment of dimanganese decacarbonyl with brom ...
.
:Mn2(CO)10 + Br2 → 2 n(CO)5Br
* Homolysis of Mn2(CO)10 by either heat or light gives the ·Mn(CO)5 radical, allowing Mn2(CO)10 to be used as an initiator
An initiator can refer to:
* A person who instigates something.
* Modulated neutron initiator, a neutron source used in some nuclear weapons
** Initiator, an Explosive booster
** Initiator, the first Nuclear chain reaction
* Pyrotechnic initiator, ...
for various polymerization reactions.[
]
Safety
Mn2(CO)10 is a volatile source of a metal and a source of CO.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dimanganese Decacarbonyl
Carbonyl complexes
Organomanganese compounds