The second Mandala of the
Rigveda
The ''Rigveda'' or ''Rig Veda'' ( ', from ' "praise" and ' "knowledge") is an ancient Indian collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns (''sūktas''). It is one of the four sacred canonical Hindu texts ('' śruti'') known as the Vedas. Only one ...
has 43 hymns, mainly to
Agni
Agni (English: , sa, अग्नि, translit=Agni) is a Sanskrit word meaning fire and connotes the Vedic fire deity of Hinduism. He is also the guardian deity of the southeast direction and is typically found in southeast corners of Hindu ...
and
Indra chiefly attributed to the Rishi ''
''. It is one of the "family books" (mandalas 2-7), the oldest core of the Rigveda, which were composed in early vedic period(1500-1000 BCE).
Witzel (1995) on the basis of internal evidence suggested that the second Mandala contains the oldest hymns of the Rigveda.
[Michael Witzel, Rgvedic history: poets, chieftains and politics, in: Language, Material Culture and Ethnicity. The Indo-Aryans of Ancient South Asia, ed. G. Erdosy, Berlin/New York (de Gruyter) 1995, 307-352; Witzel, "Westward Ho"]
List of incipits
The dedication as given by Griffith is in square brackets
2.1 (192) [ Agni
Agni (English: , sa, अग्नि, translit=Agni) is a Sanskrit word meaning fire and connotes the Vedic fire deity of Hinduism. He is also the guardian deity of the southeast direction and is typically found in southeast corners of Hindu ...
.] .
2.2 (193) [Agni.]
2.3 (194) [ Apris.]
2.4 (195) [Agni.]
2.5 (196) [Agni.]
2.6 (197) [Agni.]
2.7 (198) [Agni.]
2.8 (199) [Agni.]
2.9 (200) [Agni.]
2.10 (201) [Agni.]
2.11 (202) [ Indra.]
2.12 (203) ndra.
2.13 (204) ndra.
2.14 (205) ndra.
2.15 (206) ndra.
2.16 (207) ndra.
2.17 (208) ndra.
2.18 (209) ndra.
2.19 (210) ndra.
2.20 (211) Asvins..html" ;"title="Asvins.html" ;"title="Asvins">Asvins.">Asvins.html" ;"title="Asvins">Asvins.
2.21 (212)
2.22 (213) ndra.
2.23 (214) [ Brahmanaspati.]
2.24 (215) [Brahmanaspati.]
2.25 (216) [Brahmanaspati.]
2.26 (217) [Brahmanaspati.]
2.27 (218) [ Adityas.]
2.28 (219) [ Varuna.]
2.29 (220) [ Visvedevas.]
2.30 (221) [Indra and Others.]
2.31 (222) isvedevas.
2.32 (223) arious Deities.
2.33 (224) Rudra..html"_;"title="Rudra.html"_;"title="Rudra">Rudra.">Rudra.html"_;"title="Rudra">Rudra.
2.34_(225)_[_Maruts.html" ;"title="Rudra">Rudra..html" ;"title="Rudra.html" ;"title="Rudra">Rudra.">Rudra.html" ;"title="Rudra">Rudra.
2.34 (225) [ Maruts">Rudra">Rudra..html" ;"title="Rudra.html" ;"title="Rudra">Rudra.">Rudra.html" ;"title="Rudra">Rudra.
2.34 (225) [ Maruts.]
2.35 (226) [ Ap (water), Son of Waters.]
2.36 (227) [Various Gods.]
2.37 (228) [Various Gods.]
2.38 (229) [ Savitr, Savitar.]
2.39 (230)
2.40 (231) [ Soma (deity), Soma and Pusan.]
2.41 (232) arious Deities.
2.42 (233) Kapinjala..html"_;"title="Kapinjala.html"_;"title="Kapinjala">Kapinjala.">Kapinjala.html"_;"title="Kapinjala">Kapinjala.
2.43_(234)_[Kapinjala..html" ;"title="Kapinjala">Kapinjala..html" ;"title="Kapinjala.html" ;"title="Kapinjala">Kapinjala.">Kapinjala.html" ;"title="Kapinjala">Kapinjala.
2.43 (234) [Kapinjala.">Kapinjala">Kapinjala..html" ;"title="Kapinjala.html" ;"title="Kapinjala">Kapinjala.">Kapinjala.html" ;"title="Kapinjala">Kapinjala.
2.43 (234) [Kapinjala.
References
External links
* – English translation by Ralph T. H. Griffith
{{Rigveda
Rigveda