Raghavendra Swami of Malladihalli (
Kannada
Kannada (; ಕನ್ನಡ, ), originally romanised Canarese, is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by the people of Karnataka in southwestern India, with minorities in all neighbouring states. It has around 47 million native s ...
: ಮಲ್ಲಾಡಿಹಳ್ಳಿ ಶ್ರೀ ರಾಘವೇಂದ್ರ ಸ್ವಾಮಿ) (1890–1996), popularly known as ತಿರುಕ Tiruka ("beggar"), was the founder of Anatha Sevashrama Trust, Malladihalli. He taught
yoga
Yoga (; sa, योग, lit=yoke' or 'union ) is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines which originated in ancient India and aim to control (yoke) and still the mind, recognizing a detached witness-consci ...
from his base as Malladihalli near
Holalkere
Holalkere is a town and taluk headquarters located near Chitradurga in the Indian state of Karnataka.
Places of worship
The town has a temple to the deity Ganesha and was established in 1475 CE by Guthyappa Nayaka. The temple contains Ganes ...
in
Chitradurga
Chitradurga is a city and the headquarters of Chitradurga district, which is located on the valley of the Vedavati river in the central part of the Indian state of Karnataka. Chitradurga is a place with historical significance which is locate ...
district, a village in
Karnataka
Karnataka (; ISO: , , also known as Karunāḍu) is a state in the southwestern region of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act. Originally known as Mysore State , it was renamed ''Karnat ...
,
India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
.
Early life
Raghavendra Swami, was born on 27 July 1890, in a small village Barkur, in Karnataka. He was their only child. His parents named him Kumaraswamy. Later, urged by the head priest of Mantralaya Mutt, his name was changed to Raghavendra.
He has said that he met Palani Swami,
a yogi. He has claimed to have learned
hatha yoga,
asanas and
pranayama
Pranayama is the yogic practice of focusing on breath. In Sanskrit, '' prana'' means "vital life force", and ''yama'' means to gain control. In yoga, breath is associated with ''prana'', thus, pranayama is a means to elevate the '' prana'' ''sh ...
from him. He was adopted by Puthali Bai and Narasimhaiah on the advice of Bhirthi Ramachandra Shastry after the death of his mother. Anantha Padmanabha, leaving his son in the care of the foster parents went on a pilgrimage to Himalayas.
He learnt
Carnatic music
Carnatic music, known as or in the South Indian languages, is a system of music commonly associated with South India, including the modern Indian states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, and Sri Lanka. It is ...
, singing
Bhajans
Bhajan refers to any devotional song with a religious theme or spiritual ideas, specifically among Indian religions, in any language. The term bhajanam (Sanskrit: भजनम्) means ''reverence'' and originates from the root word ''bhaj'' ...
and devotional songs. As a school boy he participated and acted in many plays,
Yakshagana
Yakshagaana is a traditional theatre, developed in Dakshina Kannada, Udupi, Uttara Kannada, Shimoga and western parts of Chikmagalur districts, in the state of Karnataka and in Kasaragod district in Kerala that combines dance, music, dialogue, ...
, and Thala Maddale.
Later life
He met Siddharudha Swami to do social works in
Hubli
Hubli, officially known as Hubballi, is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka. The twin cities Hubli–Dharwad form the second largest city in the state by area and population and the largest city in North Karnataka. Hubli is in Dharwad distr ...
,
Karnataka
Karnataka (; ISO: , , also known as Karunāḍu) is a state in the southwestern region of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act. Originally known as Mysore State , it was renamed ''Karnat ...
; but left after few days for
Tumkur
Tumkur, officially renamed as Tumakuru, is a city located in the southern part of Indian state of Karnataka. Tumkur is situated at a distance of northwest of Bangalore, the state capital along NH 48 and NH 73. It is the headquarters of the ...
.
Kumaraswamy started his association with
K. Shivaram Karanth
Kota Shivaram Karanth (10 October 1902 – 9 December 1997), also abbreviated as K. Shivaram Karanth, was an Indian polymath, who was a novelist in Kannada language, playwright and an ecological conservationist. Ramachandra Guha called him th ...
, a budding artist, who later, acquired the skills of drama, and its intricate styles, at the Amba Prasaditha Nataka Company, in Tumkur. Shivaram Karanth took Raghavendra to Ranganatha Thamankar, who offered him a job as a clerk at his drama company. He was entrusted with the sales of tickets and disbursement of salaries and wages to the staff of the drama company. Later during this period, he left his job.
He has said he learnt from
Paramahamsa Yogananda,
Swami Shivananda Tirtha and the wrestler Rajaratna Manick Rao,
. Kumaraswamy learnt various martial arts under the guidance of Manekrao.
He was sent to
Lahore
Lahore ( ; pnb, ; ur, ) is the second most populous city in Pakistan after Karachi and 26th most populous city in the world, with a population of over 13 million. It is the capital of the province of Punjab where it is the largest city ...
to learn under from
Lakshman Das, a
Yoga
Yoga (; sa, योग, lit=yoke' or 'union ) is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines which originated in ancient India and aim to control (yoke) and still the mind, recognizing a detached witness-consci ...
and
Ayurvedic practitioner.
Jaggi Vasudev was an 11-year-old boy when he came in contact with Swamiji (who was then 78 years old) and learned
hatha yoga from him.
[ Later on ]Jaggi Vasudev
Sadhguru (born Jagadish Vasudev, 3 September 1957) is the founder and head of the Isha Foundation, based in Coimbatore, India. The foundation, established in 1992, operates an ashram and yoga centre that carries out educational and spiritua ...
founded the Isha Foundation
Isha Foundation is a nonprofit, spiritual organisation founded in 1992 near Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, by Sadhguru Jaggi Vasudev. It hosts the Isha Yoga Centre, which offers yoga programs under the name Isha Yoga. The foundation is run "a ...
and came to be known as Sadhguru by his followers.
Social works
He claimed that he had treated more than 3 million people for various diseases with ayurvedic medicines, and yoga without any surgery. He built an Ayurvedic hospital at Malladihalli and Vishwa Yoga Mandira (World Yoga Trust) and various educational institutions, on a non-profit basis.
Bibliography
He was the author of books on yoga and ayurveda, as well as novels and plays in Kannada
Kannada (; ಕನ್ನಡ, ), originally romanised Canarese, is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by the people of Karnataka in southwestern India, with minorities in all neighbouring states. It has around 47 million native s ...
published under the pen name of Tiruka.
Yogasana
*Surya Namaskara (ಸೂರ್ಯ ನಮಸ್ಕಾರ)
*Surya Namaskara (Salutations to the Sun—English)
*Surya Namaskara (pictures, chart)
*Pranayama (ಪ್ರಾಣಾಯಾಮ)
*Pranayama (English)
*Angamardhana (ಅಂಗಮರ್ದನ)
*Dehaswasthyakkagi Yogasanagalu (ದೇಹ ಸ್ವಾಸ್ಥ್ಯಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ಯೋಗಾಸನಗಳು)
*Dehaswasthyakkagi Yogasanagalu (Yogasanas for good health—English)
*Katharoopaka Yogasana (ಕಥಾರೂಪಕ ಯೋಗಾಸನ)
*Shatkarmavidhi (ಶಟ್ಕರ್ಮವಿಧಿ)
*Sarvangasundara Vyayama (Kannada)
*Gurunamaskara (ಗುರುನಮಸ್ಕಾರ)
*Gurunamaskara (English)
*Pranayama for Body and Soul (English) 1988. XIV, 90 S.: Ill
Ayurveda
*Swayum Vaidhya
Vaidya (Sanskrit: ), or vaid is a Sanskrit word meaning "traditional practitioner of Ayurveda", an indigenous Indian system of alternative medicine. Senior practitioners or teachers were called ''Vaidyarāja'' ("physician-king") as a mark of resp ...
( Ayurvedic Encyclopedia) (ಸ್ವಯಂ ವೈದ್ಯ)
*Aushadhi Ayurveda Chikitsa Sangraha (ಔಷಧಿ ಆಯುರ್ವೇದ ಚಿಕಿತ್ಸಾ ಸಂಗ್ರಹ)
*Gruha Vaidhya Kaipidi (ಗೃಹ ವೈದ್ಯ ಕೈಪಿಡಿ)
*Vanaushadhigala Gunadharma (ವನೌಷಧಿಗಳ ಗುಣಧರ್ಮ)
Kadambari (Novels)
*Koneya Gutuku (ಕೊನೆಯ ಗುಟುಕು)
*Mooleya Handara (ಮೂಳೆಯ ಹಂದರ)
*Chiteyo Samaadiyo (ಚಿತೆಯೋ ಸಮಾಧಿಯೋ)
*Udayastha (ಉದಯಾಸ್ಥ)
*Soothrada Bombe (ಸೂತ್ರದ ಬೊಂಬೆ)
*Rasarushi (ರಸಋಷಿ)
*Thyagajeevi (ತ್ಯಾಗಜೀವಿ)
*Changaoli Cheluva (ಚಂಗೋಳಿ ಚೆಲುವ)
Plays
*Ranachandi (ರಣಚಂಡಿ)
*Mahakavi Bharavi (ಮಹಾಕವಿ ಭಾರವಿ)
*Nyayamantri (ನ್ಯಾಯಮಂತ್ರಿ)
*Usha Swayumvara (ಉಶಾ ಸ್ವಯಂವರ)
*Vanamahotsava (ವನಮಹೋತ್ಸವ)
*Thirunama (ತಿರುನಾಮ)
*Sukhee Raajya (ಸುಖೀ ರಾಜ್ಯ)
*KarmaYogi (ಕರ್ಮ ಯೋಗಿ)
*Uddara (ಉದ್ಧಾರ)
*Bhakta Shabari (ಭಕ್ತ ಶಬರಿ)
Other
*Joligeya Pavada(ಜೋಳಿಗೆಯ ಪವಾಡ)
*Athma Nivedane (ಆತ್ಮ ನಿವೇದನೆ)
*Bhava Bindu (ಭಾವ ಬಿಂದು)
*Bruhadyoga Darshana (Collections from expert saints) (ಬೃಹದ್ ಯೋಗ ದರ್ಶನ)
*Devaru Yaaru? (ದೇವರು ಯಾರು)
References
External links
Malladihalli Raghavendra
{{DEFAULTSORT:Raghavendra Swamiji, Malladihalli Sri
Indian yoga teachers
20th-century Hindu religious leaders
Indian autobiographers
Kannada people
People from Chitradurga district
Ayurvedacharyas
Indian centenarians
Men centenarians
1890 births
1996 deaths
20th-century Indian novelists
20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights
Writers from Bangalore
Indian medical writers
People associated with physical culture