The Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation ( tr, Makina ve Kimya Endüstrisi or MKE for short), established in 1950, is a reorganization of government-controlled group of factories in

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

that supplied the

Turkish Armed Forces The Turkish Armed Forces (TAF; tr, Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri, TSK) are the military forces of the Republic of Turkey. Turkish Armed Forces consist of the General Staff, the Land Forces, the Naval Forces and the Air Forces. The current Chi ...

with military products.

History

Its roots lie in the "Tophane-i Amire" ("Royal Arsenal") built in the latter part of the 15th Century to supply the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

's artillery corps with

cannon A cannon is a large- caliber gun classified as a type of artillery, which usually launches a projectile using explosive chemical propellant. Gunpowder ("black powder") was the primary propellant before the invention of smokeless powder ...

powder A powder is a dry, bulk solid composed of many very fine particles that may flow freely when shaken or tilted. Powders are a special sub-class of granular materials, although the terms ''powder'' and ''granular'' are sometimes used to distin ...

, and

shot Shot may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media * ''Shot'' (album), by The Jesus Lizard *''Shot, Illusion, New God'', an EP by Gruntruck *'' Shot Rev 2.0'', a video album by The Sisters of Mercy * "Shot" (song), by The Rasmus * ''Shot'' (2017 f ...

. This was reorganized in 1832 as the "Tophane Müşavirliği" ("Arsenal of Ordnance and Artillery Marshalship") and was later formed in a department of "Harbiye Nezareti" (Ministry of War) in 1908. After

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

and the following " Young Turks" revolt, it was reorganized as the "General Directorate of Military Factories" in 1923. Today, the MKE is made up of 12 facilities that employ 7,430 personnel.

Legal status

The company's legal status has changed from

state-owned enterprise A state-owned enterprise (SOE) is a Government, government entity which is established or nationalised by the ''national government'' or ''provincial government'' by an executive order or an act of legislation in order to earn Profit (econom ...

to a

corporation A corporation is an organization—usually a group of people or a company—authorized by the state to act as a single entity (a legal entity recognized by private and public law "born out of statute"; a legal person in legal context) and r ...

, with the Law Nr. 7330 dated July 3rd, 2021.

Products

The corporation mainly produces equipment for the

, such as the

ammunition Ammunition (informally ammo) is the material fired, scattered, dropped, or detonated from any weapon or weapon system. Ammunition is both expendable weapons (e.g., bombs, missiles, grenades, land mines) and the component parts of other weap ...

for

small arms A firearm is any type of gun designed to be readily carried and used by an individual. The term is legally defined further in different countries (see Legal definitions). The first firearms originated in 10th-century China, when bamboo tubes c ...

and heavy weapons,

artillery Artillery is a class of heavy military ranged weapons that launch munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms. Early artillery development focused on the ability to breach defensive walls and fortifications during siege ...

systems, aerial

bomb A bomb is an explosive weapon that uses the Exothermic process, exothermic reaction of an explosive material to provide an extremely sudden and violent release of energy. Detonations inflict damage principally through ground- and atmosphere-t ...

mine Mine, mines, miners or mining may refer to: Extraction or digging * Miner, a person engaged in mining or digging *Mining, extraction of mineral resources from the ground through a mine Grammar *Mine, a first-person English possessive pronoun ...

explosive An explosive (or explosive material) is a reactive substance that contains a great amount of potential energy that can produce an explosion if released suddenly, usually accompanied by the production of light, heat, sound, and pressure. An expl ...

s, and

rocket A rocket (from it, rocchetto, , bobbin/spool) is a vehicle that uses jet propulsion to accelerate without using the surrounding air. A rocket engine produces thrust by reaction to exhaust expelled at high speed. Rocket engines work entirely fr ...

s. MKEK also manufactures civil-purpose products such as

steel Steel is an alloy made up of iron with added carbon to improve its strength and fracture resistance compared to other forms of iron. Many other elements may be present or added. Stainless steels that are corrosion- and oxidation-resistant ty ...

brass Brass is an alloy of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), in proportions which can be varied to achieve different mechanical, electrical, and chemical properties. It is a substitutional alloy: atoms of the two constituents may replace each other with ...

, and electrical parts and equipment. Its large range of

defense industry The arms industry, also known as the arms trade, is a global industry which manufactures and sells weapons and military technology. It consists of a commercial industry involved in the research and development, engineering, production, and servi ...

products are not only demanded in Turkey, but are exported to more than 40 countries worldwide. In 2011, the company has sold military products to 29 countries worldwide. The first smoothbore gun for Altay main battle tank was introduced in 2011. *Production groups: **Ammunition Group **Rocket Group **Weapons Group **Explosives, Propellants, and Pyrotechnic Products Group *Company and factories: there are 11 factories and 1 company affiliated with MKE located in three major manufacturing hubs: **

Kırıkkale Kırıkkale is the capital of the Kırıkkale Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is located 80 km east of Ankara which is the capital city of Turkey. According to the 2000 census, the population of the province is 280,83 ...

***Ammunition Factory ***Brass Factory ***Heavy Weapons Factory And Steel Foundry ***Explosives Factory ***Small-Arms Weapons Factory (Kırıkkale Arsenal Co.) **

Ankara Ankara ( , ; ), historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the capital of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and over 5.7 million in Ankara Province, maki ...

***Explosive & Propellant Factory ***Machinery and Gas-Mask Factory MAKSAM ***Pyrotechnics Factory ***Scrap Recycling Plant ***Small-Arms Ammunition Factory **

Çankırı Çankırı, historically known as Gangra (Greek language, Greek: Γάγγρα), is the capital city of Çankırı Province, in Turkey, about northeast of Ankara. It is situated about 800 m (2500 ft) above sea level. History Çankır ...

***Medium-Caliber Weapons Factory **

İzmit İzmit () is a district and the central district of Kocaeli province, Turkey. It is located at the Gulf of İzmit in the Sea of Marmara, about east of Istanbul, on the northwestern part of Anatolia. As of the last 31/12/2019 estimation, the c ...

***Scrap Recycling Plant

MKE Maksam Machine and Mask Factory

MKE Maksam ( tr, Maksam Makine Ve Maske Fabrikasi Müdürlüğü or MAKSAM for short) was founded in 1920. The company's line of business includes the manufacturing of surgical appliances and supplies also

CBRN Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear defence (CBRN defence) are protective measures taken in situations in which chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear warfare (including terrorism) hazards may be present. CBRN defence consi ...

masks and products, various masks are produced for the army and civilians. During

COVID-19 pandemic The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The novel virus was first identif ...

Maksam produced millions of Surgical Mask,

FFP3 FFP standards refer to the filtering half mask classification by EN 149, a European standard of testing and marking requirements for filtering half masks. FFP standard masks (where FFP stands for filtering facepiece) cover the nose, mouth and chin ...

Type Mask, Protective Coverall, Goggles Type A-B, Face Protection Visor Type C, Protective Gloves, Panoramic Mask Set, P13 Plastic Strainer and MKE Surgical Mask Production Machines.

SAHRA Mechanical Respirator

Apart from masks and protective equipment, SAHRA Mechanical Respirator was produced by making use of local and national facilities in order to provide basic respiratory support to COVID-19 patients. SAHRA is ready for mass production by the end of May 2020 and has a weekly production capacity of 500 pieces. THK15

Aircraft

* MKEK-1 Gözcü (Turkish - "''Observer''")Deniz 2004 *

MKEK-2 __NOTOC__ The THK-2 was a single-seat, single-engine aerobatic trainer aircraft developed in Turkey in 1944 intended as an advanced trainer.Taylor 1989, 683"THK-2" It was a conventional, low-wing cantilever monoplane with an elliptical planform a ...

6 planes were producedTaylor 1989, 683"THK-2" *

MKEK-3 __NOTOC__ The THK-16 ''Mehmetçik'' (Turkish: "Little Mehmet"The name ''Mehmetçik'' is used in Turkish to refer informally to an archetypal or generic Turkish soldier, analogous to the British Tommy, American G.I., or French ''Poilu'' (Brosnah ...

Cebeci, 2004 * MKEK-4 Uğur (Turkish: "''Luck''") 57 planes were produced three of which were donated to the

Royal Jordanian Air Force The Royal Jordanian Air Force (RJAF; ar, سلاح الجو الملكي الأردني, Silāḥ ul-Jawu al-Malakī 'al-Urdunī) is the aerial warfare branch of the Jordanian Armed Forces. History Early days Jordan gained independence in 19 ...

. *

MKEK-5 __NOTOC__ The THK-5 was a twin-engine aircraft designed by Stanisław Rogalski and built in Turkey in 1945 as an air ambulance. It was a conventional, low-wing cantilever monoplane of wooden construction throughout. The main units of the tailwh ...

Twin-engine A twinjet or twin-engine jet is a jet aircraft powered by two engines. A twinjet is able to fly well enough to land with a single working engine, making it safer than a single-engine aircraft in the event of failure of an engine. Fuel efficien ...

aircraft developed bt in Turkey in 1945 as an

air ambulance Air medical services is a comprehensive term covering the use of air transportation, aeroplane or helicopter, to move patients to and from healthcare facilities and accident scenes. Personnel provide comprehensive prehospital and emergency and cri ...

. *

MKEK-6 The MKEK-6 was a two-seat training Glider (sailplane), glider designed and built in Turkey by Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation (Makina Kimya endustrisi Kurumu) (MKEK), during the early 1950s. Design and development The MKEK-6 was a h ...

MKEK-7 __NOTOC__ The Sheremetev Sh-5 (Шереметьев Ш-5) was a two-seat sailplane designed by Boris Nikolayevich Sheremetev and produced in the Soviet Union in the 1930s.Shushurin 1938, 4 It was an unorthodox design, with a pod-and-boom layout ...

Krasil'shchikov 1991, 98 *

THK-16 __NOTOC__ The THK-16 ''Mehmetçik'' (Turkish: "Little Mehmet"The name ''Mehmetçik'' is used in Turkish to refer informally to an archetypal or generic Turkish soldier, analogous to the British Tommy, American G.I., or French ''Poilu'' (Brosnaha ...

Vehicles

T-155 Fırtına T-155 Fırtına ( Turkish for ''Storm'') is a Turkish variant of K9 Thunder 155 mm self-propelled howitzer co-developed with South Korea utilizing Turkish technology and design into existing K9 Thunder. It is manufactured and assembled by Turkish ...

155 mm SP Howitzer Weapon System *MKE Yavuz T-155

Truck A truck or lorry is a motor vehicle designed to transport cargo, carry specialized payloads, or perform other utilitarian work. Trucks vary greatly in size, power, and configuration, but the vast majority feature body-on-frame construction ...

-mounted 155mm

self-propelled gun Self-propelled artillery (also called locomotive artillery) is artillery equipped with its own propulsion system to move toward its firing position. Within the terminology are the self-propelled gun, self-propelled howitzer, self-propelled mo ...

Engineering and Ammunition Resupply Vehicles

* MKEK POYRAZ - Ammunition resupply vehicle * MKE TAMKAR Mine-clearing line charge system * MKE TAMGEÇ Mine-clearing line charge system. Bora-12 (MKEK JNG-90)

Weapons

Small Armsmkek.gov.tr/tr/products.aspx?id=52&source=Products

MKE MPT The MPT ( tr, Millî Piyade Tüfeği, en, National Infantry Rifle) is a modular rifle family designed by MKEK and produced by MKEK, Sarsılmaz Arms and Kalekalıp to meet the demands of the Turkish Armed Forces and to replace its aging rifles ...

- MPT-76 and MPT-55 National Infantry Rifle *MKE KAAN-717 - 7.62×51mm NATO 90mm shorter carbine version of the MPT-76 *

Heckler & Koch HK33 The Heckler & Koch HK33 is a 5.56mm assault rifle developed in the 1960s by West German armament manufacturer Heckler & Koch GmbH (H&K), primarily for export. Building on the success of their G3 design, the company developed a family of smal ...

-A2/A3 (

licensed production Licensed production is the production under license of technology developed elsewhere. The licensee provides the licensor of a specific product with legal production rights, technical information, process technology, and any other proprietary compon ...

) *

Heckler & Koch G3 The Heckler & Koch G3 (''Gewehr'' 3) is a 7.62×51mm NATO, select-fire battle rifle developed in the 1950s by the German armament manufacturer Heckler & Koch (H&K) in collaboration with the Spanish state-owned design and development agency CET ...

- (licensed production) G3-A3/A4/A7 *

HK416 The Heckler & Koch HK416 is a gas-operated assault rifle chambered for the 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge. It is designed and manufactured by the German company Heckler & Koch. Although the design is based on the AR-15 class of firearm (specific ...

- (licensed production) * MKE Bora-12

Sniper Rifle A sniper rifle is a high-precision, long-range rifle. Requirements include accuracy, reliability, mobility, concealment and optics for anti-personnel, anti-materiel and surveillance uses of the military sniper. The modern sniper rifle is a por ...

MKE JNG-90 MKE JNG-90 is a bolt-action sniper rifle that fires the 7.62×51mm NATO round used by the Turkish military. Development of the weapon first started back in 2004 to 2008. Its nickname is ''Bora'' and it is currently being offered for export. De ...

KNT-76 The MPT ( tr, Millî Piyade Tüfeği, en, National Infantry Rifle) is a modular rifle family designed by MKEK and produced by MKEK, Sarsılmaz Arms and Kalekalıp to meet the demands of the Turkish Armed Forces and to replace its aging rifles ...

Heckler & Koch MP5 The Heckler & Koch MP5 (german: Maschinenpistole 5) is a 9x19mm Parabellum submachine gun, developed in the 1960s by a team of engineers from the German small arms manufacturer Heckler & Koch. There are over 100 variants and clones of the MP5, ...

- (licensed production) MP5-A2/A3/K * MTS-A2/A3 * MKE T-41/43/50/94 other guns * T40-R/R5 Grenade Launcher (also for

IWI Tavor The IWI Tavor TAR-21 is an Israeli bullpup assault rifle chambered in 5.56×45mm NATO caliber with a selective fire system, selecting between semi-automatic mode and full automatic fire mode. The Tavor is designed and produced by Israel Weap ...

X95sTavor-21 Rifle Headed Into Service With Indian Special Forces
. Defenseindustrydaily.com (2007-02-28). Retrieved on 2010-08-31.) *

MG3 The MG 3 is a German general-purpose machine gun chambered for the 7.62×51mm NATO cartridge. The weapon's design is derived from the World War II era MG 42 ''Einheitsmaschinengewehr'' (Universal machine gun) that fired the 7.92×57mm Mauser r ...

(licensed production) * MGL (licensed production) * Mk 19 (licensed production) *MKE CS Tear Gas Grenade *MKE MOD 56 Riot Control Hand Grenade *MKE MK2-3 Hand Grenade *MOT-919 Submachine gun *MKE MMT (Modern Machine Gun) *MKE PMT-76 Machine Gun *MKE PMT-57A Machine Gun *MKE MAM-15

anti-materiel sniper rifle An anti-materiel rifle (AMR) is a rifle designed for use against military equipment, structures, and other hardware (materiel). Anti-materiel rifles are chambered in significantly larger calibers than conventional rifles and are employed to elimin ...

Artillery - rockets - missiles

Panter howitzer The Panter howitzer is an artillery, artillery weapon developed by MKEK for the Turkish Land Forces Command. It has a 155 mm/52-calibre towed howitzer, howitzer gun and is able to fire NATO projectiles to a maximum range of 40 kilometers usi ...

155 mm/52-calibre towed SP howitzer gun *

MKE 120 mm tank gun The MKE 120 mm tank gun is a Turkish 120 mm 55 caliber smoothbore gun based on CN08 120 mm gun produced by the Turkish company Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation, used on the Turkish Altay tank. The gun has a length of . The gun can f ...

* 105 mm M68 Tank Gun Weapon System *

Oerlikon 20 mm The Oerlikon 20 mm cannon is a series of autocannons, based on an original German Becker Type M2 20 mm cannon design that appeared very early in World War I. It was widely produced by Oerlikon Contraves and others, with various models empl ...

(licensed production)

anti-aircraft Anti-aircraft warfare, counter-air or air defence forces is the battlespace response to aerial warfare, defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action".AAP-6 It includes surface based, ...

gun for double barrel GAI 001 system * Oerlikon 35 mm (licensed production) double barrel

gun for towed MKE GDF-003B and other systems * 107 mm MBRL * 70 mm MKE FFAR (licensed production) air to ground and surface to surface unguided rocket * 60 mm Commando Mortar * 120 mm HY1-12 Grooved Mortar *MKE 81mm UT1 *MKE 81mm NT1 *MO-120 RT-61 (Mortier 120mm Raye Tracte Modele F1) *

Eryx Eryx is a French short-range portable semi-automatic command to line of sight (SACLOS) based wire-guided anti-tank missile (ATGM) manufactured by MBDA France and by MKEK under licence. The weapon can also be used against larger bunkers and smal ...

anti-tank guided missile An anti-tank guided missile (ATGM), anti-tank missile, anti-tank guided weapon (ATGW) or anti-armor guided weapon is a guided missile primarily designed to hit and destroy heavily armored military vehicles. ATGMs range in size from shoulder ...

(licensed production) * MKE Boran Air Transportable Light Towed Howitzer. (Based on

L118 The L118 light gun is a 105 mm towed howitzer. It was originally designed and produced in England for the British Army in the 1970s. It has since been widely exported. The L119 and the United States Army's M119 are variants that use a different ...

.) *MKE 66 mm light anti-tank system *MKE Aircraft bombs - MK-84 and MK-82 *MKE Penetrator bomb - 870 Kg 2.1 m thick used on

Turkish Air Force The Turkish Air Force ( tr, ) is the aerial warfare service branch of the Turkish Armed Forces. The Turkish Air Force can trace its origins back to June 1911 when it was founded by the Ottoman Empire, however, the air force as it is known t ...

F-4 Terminator 2020 The McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II variants were numerous versions and designations of the F-4 and are described below. Production numbers for major versions asterisk indicates converted from other version Variants ;XF4H-1 :Two prototype ...

s and

F-16 Falcon The General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon is a single-engine multirole fighter aircraft originally developed by General Dynamics for the United States Air Force (USAF). Designed as an air superiority day fighter, it evolved into a successful ...

Protective gear

* MAKSAM Panaromic Gas Mask * MKE NEFES

Gas Mask *SR6 and SR6M NBC Respirator licensed production. * SR10 and SR10 ST Gas Masks

Museums of the MKE

* MKE Industry and Technology Museum (

) * Kırıkkale MKE Weapons Industry Museum (

)

Sports clubs associated with the MKE

MKE Ankaragücü MKE Ankaragücü or fully Makina ve Kimya Endüstrisi Ankaragücü (), is a Turkish sports club located in the city of Ankara. The football team wears a yellow and navy kit and plays its home matches at Eryaman Stadium following the closure of t ...

MKE Kırıkkalespor MKE Kırıkkalespor is a sports club located in Kırıkkale, Turkey. The football club plays in the Regional Amateur League. League participations * Turkish Super League: 1978–79 * TFF First League: 1974–78, 1979–88, 1999–01 * TFF Secon ...

* MKE Çankırıspor * MKE Gazi Fişek Spor * MKE Maske Spor

References

External links

Official website
{{authority control Manufacturing companies established in 1950 Defence companies of Turkey Manufacturing companies based in Ankara Government-owned companies of Turkey Turkish companies established in 1950 Engineering companies of Turkey Aircraft manufacturers of Turkey Ministry of National Defense (Turkey) Turkish brands Science and technology in Turkey