Mannheim
Mannheim (; Palatine German: or ), officially the University City of Mannheim (german: Universitätsstadt Mannheim), is the second-largest city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg after the state capital of Stuttgart, and Germany's 2 ...
Act) (officially : Revised Rhine Navigation Act of 17 October 1868) is an international agreement that regulates vessel traffic on the
. The principles of the Treaty are:-
* Free shipping
* Equal treatment of sailors and fleet
* Exemption from shipping charges
* Simplified customs clearance
* Obligation to maintain the Rhine's banks
* Standardization of ship safety and ship traffic regulations
* A single jurisdiction for shipping matters and the establishment of the Rhine waterway courts
* Establishing a commission to monitor these principles
History
*1648: Free shipping on the Rhine was first settled, in the
Peace of Westphalia
The Peace of Westphalia (german: Westfälischer Friede, ) is the collective name for two peace treaties signed in October 1648 in the Westphalian cities of Osnabrück and Münster. They ended the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) and brought pea ...
, but could not prevail in practice.
*1815: Called the Final Act of the
Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna (, ) of 1814–1815 was a series of international diplomatic meetings to discuss and agree upon a possible new layout of the European political and constitutional order after the downfall of the French Emperor Napoleon B ...
, the freedom of navigation of international waters of the Rhine and the establishment of a commission.
*1816: This Central Commission for the Navigation of the Rhine first met in Mainz, Germany.
*31 March 1831: The Mainzer Akte was agreed to.
*1861: The Commission was transferred to Mannheim.
*17 October 1868: The Convention of Mannheim was signed by Baden, Bavaria, France, Hesse, the Netherlands and Prussia, valid in its principles today.
*1919: It was changed by the
Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles (french: Traité de Versailles; german: Versailler Vertrag, ) was the most important of the peace treaties of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June ...
Article 355 of the Convention of Mannheim.
*1920: The headquarters of the Commission was moved to
Strasbourg
Strasbourg (, , ; german: Straßburg ; gsw, label=Bas Rhin Alsatian, Strossburi , gsw, label=Haut Rhin Alsatian, Strossburig ) is the prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est region of eastern France and the official seat of the Eu ...
.
*1963: An agreement was confirmed with the principles of the Mannheim Act (enacted in 1967) and
Switzerland
). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...