Colonel Mahmud Khudoiberdiyev (
Tajik:Маҳмуд Худойбердиев; October 18, 1964 in
Qurghonteppa
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– c. 2001) was a rebel leader in
Tajikistan
Tajikistan (, ; tg, Тоҷикистон, Tojikiston; russian: Таджикистан, Tadzhikistan), officially the Republic of Tajikistan ( tg, Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhurii Tojikiston), is a landlocked country in Centr ...
who, while initially an ally of
Tajik President Emomali Rahmon
Emomali Rahmon (; born Emomali Sharipovich Rahmonov, tg, Эмомалӣ Шарӣпович Раҳмонов, script=Latn, italic=no, Emomalī Sharīpovich Rahmonov; ; born 5 October 1952) has been the 3rd President of Tajikistan since 16 Novem ...
, became an opposition figure later on in his life. He is a former member of the Central Committee of the
Tajik Communist Party
The Communist Party of Tajikistan ( tg, Ҳизби Коммунистии Тоҷикистон, ''Hizbi Kommunistiyi Tojikiston''; russian: Коммунистическая партия Таджикистана) is a communist party in Tajikistan ...
and a former major in the
Soviet Army
uk, Радянська армія
, image = File:Communist star with golden border and red rims.svg
, alt =
, caption = Emblem of the Soviet Army
, start_date ...
. He also served as commander of the Tajik Army's First Brigade.
Biography
He was born on October 18, 1964 in
Qurghonteppa
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, image_caption = Bokhtar in 2018
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in the family of a construction workers. He is half-
Uzbek and half-
Tajik.
[Uzbeks Chronology](_blank)
Center for International Development and Conflict Management[Uprising quashed in Tajikistan: Further cataclysms expected](_blank)
The Jamestown Foundation In 1985, he graduated from the
Alma-Ata Higher All-Arms Command School
Almaty (; kk, Алматы; ), formerly known as Alma-Ata ( kk, Алма-Ата), is the largest city in Kazakhstan, with a population of about 2 million. It was the capital of Kazakhstan from 1929 to 1936 as an autonomous republic as part of t ...
, after which he served as part of a limited contingent of
Soviet troops in Afghanistan as a reconnaissance platoon commander of the 1st Motorized Rifle Battalion of the
70th Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade, during which he was wounded. In 1990, he left for Tajikistan, where he was appointed deputy military commissar of the Dzhilikulsky, then Bokhtar district military commissariats. He has expressed support for recreating the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
.
Civil War
Khudoiberdiyev helped President Rakhmonov become
head of state
A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona who officially embodies a state Foakes, pp. 110–11 " he head of statebeing an embodiment of the State itself or representatitve of its international persona." in its unity and l ...
in 1992, but began a rebellion on 16 August 1997. Two days later reports of Uzbek government support for his rebellion surfaced, an allegation Uzbek officials denied. Rakhmonov accused former Prime Minister
Abdulmalik Abdullojonov of leading the rebellion on 9 November 1998.
[
His troops killed 10 Tajik government soldiers in Chkalovsk, Tajikistan on 4 November 1998, successfully taking several administrative buildings in ]Khujand
Khujand ( tg, Хуҷанд, Khujand; Uzbek: Хўжанд, romanized: Хo'jand; fa, خجند, Khojand), sometimes spelled Khodjent and known as Leninabad (russian: Ленинабад, Leninabad; tg, Ленинобод, Leninobod; fa, لن ...
before taking most of Leninabad Oblast. His troops also tried to take control of the city's airport. He asked that at least 40% of all government jobs for northern Tajiks. President Emomali Rakhmon met with the Tajik Security Council with Zafar Saidov, the president's spokesman, calling the situation "very serious." A few days later the government regained control of the province. When the International Red Cross
The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC; french: Comité international de la Croix-Rouge) is a humanitarian organization which is based in Geneva, Switzerland, and it is also a three-time Nobel Prize Laureate. State parties (signato ...
surveyed the results of the fighting, they found over 2,000 killed, 500 injured. The government declared November 10 a day of mourning.[Government troops, rebels clash in Tajikistan]
RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty
The Tajik Supreme Court sentenced two of Khudoiberdiyev's militant followers to death on 27 December 1999 for their involvement in clashes with the government in November 1998. 33 other militants were sentenced to prison terms ranging from 10 to 19 years for terrorism
Terrorism, in its broadest sense, is the use of criminal violence to provoke a state of terror or fear, mostly with the intention to achieve political or religious aims. The term is used in this regard primarily to refer to intentional violen ...
and other related charges. 121 of the estimated 1,000 rebels were arrested. The Tajik government again accused the Uzbek government of protecting Khudoiberdiyev.[
]
Awards
Khudoyberdyev was awarded the Order of the Red Star
The Order of the Red Star (russian: Орден Красной Звезды, Orden Krasnoy Zvezdy) was a military decoration of the Soviet Union. It was established by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 6 April 193 ...
, the Order For Personal Courage
Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to:
* Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood
* Heterarchy, a system of organization wherein the elements have the potential to be ranked a number of ...
and the Medal For Courage.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Khudoiberdiyev, Mahmud
Terrorism in Tajikistan
Foreign relations of Uzbekistan
Tajikistani people of Uzbek descent
Uzbeks
Tajikistani rebels
People from Khatlon Region
Tajikistani military personnel
National Guard of Tajikistan
Soviet military personnel of the Soviet–Afghan War
Recipients of the Order of the Red Star
1964 births
2000s deaths