Mahanayaka (also spelled as Maha Nayaka, Maha Nayake)

thero ''Thero'' (commonly appearing in the masculine and feminine forms ''thera'' and ''therī'' respectively) is an honorific term in Pali for senior bhikkhus and bhikkhunis (Buddhist monks and nuns) in the Buddhist monastic order. The word literally ...

s are high-ranking Buddhist monks who oversee and regulate the Buddhist clergy in

Theravada ''Theravāda'' () ( si, ථේරවාදය, my, ထေရဝါဒ, th, เถรวาท, km, ថេរវាទ, lo, ເຖຣະວາດ, pi, , ) is the most commonly accepted name of Buddhism's oldest existing school. The school' ...

Buddhist countries. The title ''Maha Nayaka'' translates to English as 'Great Leader' and it is considered to be a very important position held by a monk in a Theravada Buddhist country. It is usually bestowed upon the senior Buddhist monks who are appointed the chief prelates of monastic fraternities known as '' Nikayas''.

Sri Lankan tradition

In Sri Lankan Buddhist tradition, the title ''Mahanayaka'' is held by the heads of the chapters of all three main sects,

Siam Nikaya The Siam (also Siyamopali and Siyam) Nikaya is a monastic order within Sri Lankan Buddhism, founded by Upali Thera and located predominantly around the city of Kandy. It is so named because it originated within Thailand (formerly known in Sri Lan ...

(Estd. 1753),

Amarapura Nikaya Amarapura ( my, အမရပူရ, MLCTS=a. ma. ra. pu ra., , ; also spelt as Ummerapoora) is a former capital of Myanmar, and now a township of Mandalay city. Amarapura is bounded by the Irrawaddy river in the west, Chanmyathazi Township in t ...

(Estd. 1803) and

Ramanna Nikaya ''Ramanaa'' is a 2002 Indian Tamil-language vigilante action film written and directed by A. R. Murugadoss, stars Vijayakanth, Ashima Bhalla and Simran in lead roles. The film is about a man named Ramana who decides to abolish corruption compl ...

(Estd. 1864). Appointment of senior Buddhist monks to the Mahanayaka position in Sri Lanka began with the re-establishment of Upasampada higher ordination in 1753 on the initiatives taken by

Sangharaja Sangharaja (Pāli: ''sangha'' religious community + ''raja'' ruler, king, or prince) is the title given in many Theravada Buddhist countries to a senior monk who is the titular head either of a monastic fraternity ( nikaya), or of the ''Sangha'' t ...

Weliwita Sri Saranankara Thero Weliwita Asaranasarana Sri Saranankara Sangharaja Thero (19 June 1698 – 18 July 1778) or popularly Weliwita Sri Saranankara Thero was a Buddhist monk, who was the last Sangharaja of Sri Lanka. He was the pioneer in the revival of Buddhism in Sr ...

during the reign of king

Kirti Sri Rajasinha of Kandy Kirti Sri Rajasinha ( Sinhala: කීර්ති ශ්‍රී රාජසිංහ, Tamil: கீர்த்தி ஸ்ரீ ராஜசிங்கம்; 11 August 1747 – 2 January 1782) was the second Nayaka king of Kandy. He was ...

. The deputies of mahanayaka theros are known as ''Anunayaka'' theros (also spelled as ''Anu Nayaka''), who generally succeed to the Mahanayaka position, after a death of an incumbent monk. Next in the hierarchy are Chief ''Sanghanayaka'' theros (also spelled as ''Sangha Nayaka''), who have the jurisdiction over monks in a region, province or a district, while the ''Nayaka'' theros have the precedence in a temple or a group of connected temples. Prominent Mahanayake theros who are presently in office and their immediate predecessors are listed below.

Present Mahanayaka theros

Venerable Seewalie receiving honorary title from Maha Nayaka Thera of Malwatta Chapter, Kandy, Sri Lanka

* Most Ven.

Thibbatuwawe Sri Siddhartha Sumangala Thero Thibbatuwawe Sri Siddhartha Sumangala Thero (born 30 May 1944) is a Sri Lankan Buddhist monk who is the present Mahanayaka Thero of the Malwatta chapter of Siam Nikaya. He was appointed as the 26th Mahanayke Thera of Malwatta Chapter on 20 Jun ...

- Mahanayaka of the

Malwatta chapter Malwathu Maha Viharaya (also called Malwatta temple) is a Buddhist monastery located in Kandy, Sri Lanka. It is the headquarters of the Malwatta chapter of Siyam Nikaya and one of the two Buddhist monasteries that holds the custodianship of sacre ...

Siyam Nikaya The Siam (also Siyamopali and Siyam) Nikaya is a monastic order within Sri Lankan Buddhism, founded by Upali Thera and located predominantly around the city of Kandy. It is so named because it originated within Thailand (formerly known in Sri Lan ...

* Most Ven.

Warakagoda Sri Gnanarathana Thero Warakagoda Gnanarathana Thero (born 18 March 1942) is a Sri Lankan Buddhist monk who is the present Mahanayaka Thero of the Asgiriya chapter of Siam Nikaya. He was appointed as the 22nd Mahanayake Thera of the Asgiriya Chapter on 7 April 2016, b ...

- Mahanayaka of the

Asgiriya chapter Asgiri Maha Viharaya (also called Asgiriya temple, Asgiriya Gedige) is a Buddhist monastery located in Kandy, Sri Lanka. It is the headquarters of the Asgiriya chapter of Siyam Nikaya, one of the two Buddhist monasteries that holds the custodians ...

* Most Ven. Makkulawe Wimala Thero - Mahanayaka of Sri Lanka Ramanna Nikaya * Most Ven. Dodampahala Chandrasiri Thero - Supreme Mahanayaka of Amarapura Nikaya * Most Ven. Ittapane Dhammalankara Thera - Mahanayaka of the Kotte Sri Kalyani Samagri Dharma Mahasangha Sabha of

* Most Ven. Thrikunamale Ananda Thero - Mahanayaka of the Dharmarakshitha Chapter of

Former Mahanayaka theros

* Most Ven.

Kotugoda Dhammawasa Thera Agga Maha Pandita Kotugoda Dhammawasa Thero ( si, කො‍ටුගොඩ ධම්මාවාස හිමි, Koṭugoḍa Dhammāvāsa Himi; lay name: Sirimevan Rodrigo; 23 January 1933 – 22 March 2021) was an eminent Sri Lankan Buddhist ...

- Former Supreme Mahanayaka of Amarapura Nikaya * Most Ven.

Napana Pemasiri Thera Most Ven Aggamaha Panditha Napane Pemasiri Thero ( si, නාපාන පෙමසිරි ථෙර, Nāpāna Pemasiri Thera) also spelt either as Napane Premasiri Thero or Napane Pemasiri Thero(2 January 1922/1923 – 17 November 2020) was ...

- Former Mahanayaka of the Sri Lanka

* Most Ven.

Galagama Sri Aththadassi Thera Galagama Sri Aththadassi Thera (11 January 1922 – 9 March 2016) was a Sri Lankan Buddhist monk who served as the 21st Mahanayaka of the Asgiriya Chapter of Siyam Nikaya.Siyam Nikaya The Siam (also Siyamopali and Siyam) Nikaya is a monastic order within Sri Lankan Buddhism, founded by Upali Thera and located predominantly around the city of Kandy. It is so named because it originated within Thailand (formerly known in Sri Lan ...

. * Most Ven.

Udugama Sri Buddharakkitha Thero Udugama Sri Buddharakkitha Thero (17 March 1930 - 8 April 2015) was a Sri Lankan Buddhist monk, who was the 20th Mahanayaka of the Asgiriya chapter of Siyam Nikaya.Siyam Nikaya The Siam (also Siyamopali and Siyam) Nikaya is a monastic order within Sri Lankan Buddhism, founded by Upali Thera and located predominantly around the city of Kandy. It is so named because it originated within Thailand (formerly known in Sri Lan ...

* Most Ven. Rambukwelle Sri Vipassi Thera - Former Mahanayake of the Malwatta Chapter of Siyam Nikaya * Most Ven. Davuldena Sri Gnanissara Thero - Former Supreme Mahanayaka of

* Most Ven.

Weweldeniye Medhalankara Thero The Most Venerable Wewaldeniye Medhalankara Thero ( si, අතිපූජ්‍යය වේවැල්දෙණියේ මේධාලංකාර මහා ථේර) (7 December 1909 – 30 August 2012) was a Sri Lankan Buddhist monk who ...

- Former Mahanayake of the Sri Lanka Ramanna Nikaya * Most Ven.

Sri Piyaratana Tissa Mahanayake Thero Sri Piyaratana Tissa Mahanayake Thero ( si, දොඩන්දුවේ ශ්‍රි පියරත්න තිස්ස මහ නායක ස්වාමින් වහන්සේ) (12 December 1826 - 20 May 1907), also known as Dodan ...

- Former Mahanayaka Thero of the

(circa 1860s), and Former Sanganayake of the Southern Province. * Most Ven. Bellana Sri Gnanawimala Thera - Former Mahanayaka of the Kotte Sri Kalyani Samagri Dharma Mahasangha Sabha of Siyam Nikaya * Most Ven. Weligama Sri Gnanaratana Thera - Former Mahanayaka of the Dharmarakshitha Chapter of

Privileges

The Mahanayaka theros of the Malwatta chapter and Asgiriya Chapter were traditionally referred by the Sri Lankan Government as the head of the Buddhist clergy in the country. As such certain state privileges have been extended since Sri Lanka gained independence in 1948. These include state provisions for

official residence An official residence is the House, residence of a head of state, head of government, governor, Clergy, religious leader, leaders of international organizations, or other senior figure. It may be the same place where they conduct their work-relate ...

s (aramayas), official vehicles and

state funeral A state funeral is a public funeral ceremony, observing the strict rules of Etiquette, protocol, held to honour people of national significance. State funerals usually include much pomp and ceremony as well as religious overtones and distinctive ...

s. With the formation of Supreme Mahanayaka post of Amarapura nikaya in 1969, state patronage has been extended to the Mahanayaka theros of the other nikayas as well.Mahanayakes’ Aramayas to be taken over by the Govt.
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References

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External links

Past Mahanayaka Theros in order (Asgiriya Chapter)

Past Mahanayaka Theros in order (Malwatta Chapter)
Buddhist titles Theravada

Sri Lankan tradition

Present Mahanayaka theros

Former Mahanayaka theros

Privileges

See also

References

External links