Edith Madeleine Carroll (26 February 1906 – 2 October 1987) was an English actress, popular both in Britain and America in the 1930s and 1940s. At the peak of her success in 1938, she was the world's highest-paid actress.
Carroll is remembered for her role in
Alfred Hitchcock
Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock (13 August 1899 – 29 April 1980) was an English filmmaker. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in the history of cinema. In a career spanning six decades, he directed over 50 featur ...
's ''
The 39 Steps'' (1935). She is also noted for largely abandoning her acting career after the death of her sister Marguerite in the
London Blitz
The Blitz was a German bombing campaign against the United Kingdom in 1940 and 1941, during the Second World War. The term was first used by the British press and originated from the term , the German word meaning 'lightning war'.
The Germa ...
to devote herself to helping wounded servicemen and children displaced or maimed by the war. She was awarded both the
Legion d'Honneur
The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon ...
and the
Medal of Freedom for her work with the
Red Cross
The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is a Humanitarianism, humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million Volunteering, volunteers, members and staff worldwide. It was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure re ...
.
Early life
Carroll was born at 32 Herbert Street (now number 44) in
West Bromwich
West Bromwich ( ) is a market town in the borough of Sandwell, West Midlands, England. Historically part of Staffordshire, it is north-west of Birmingham. West Bromwich is part of the area known as the Black Country, in terms of geography ...
, Staffordshire, daughter of John Carroll, an Irish professor of languages from
County Limerick
"Remember Limerick"
, image_map = Island_of_Ireland_location_map_Limerick.svg
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdivision_name = Republic of Ireland, Ireland
, subdivision_type1 = Provinces of Ireland, Province
, subd ...
, and Helene, his French wife. She graduated from the
University of Birmingham
The University of Birmingham (informally Birmingham University) is a Public university, public research university located in Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom. It received its royal charter in 1900 as a successor to Queen's College, Birmingha ...
, with a B.A. degree in languages. While at university she appeared in some productions for the Birmingham University Dramatic Society. She was a French mistress at a girls' school in
Hove
Hove is a seaside resort and one of the two main parts of the city of Brighton and Hove, along with Brighton in East Sussex, England. Originally a "small but ancient fishing village" surrounded by open farmland, it grew rapidly in the 19th ce ...
for a year.
Acting career
Early years
Carroll's father opposed her taking up acting, but with her mother’s support she quit teaching and traveled to London to look for stage work.
She had won a beauty contest, and got a job in
Seymour Hicks' touring company, making her stage debut in 1927 in ''The Lash''. The following year she made her screen debut in ''
The Guns of Loos'', and then starred alongside
Miles Mander
Miles Mander (born Lionel Henry Mander; 14 May 1888 – 8 February 1946), was an English character actor of the early Hollywood cinema, also a film director and producer, and a playwright and novelist. He was sometimes credited as Luther Mile ...
in ''
The First Born'', written by
Alma Reville. Thence she met Reville's husband,
Alfred Hitchcock
Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock (13 August 1899 – 29 April 1980) was an English filmmaker. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in the history of cinema. In a career spanning six decades, he directed over 50 featur ...
.
Film stardom
Carroll was the lead in her second film, ''
What Money Can Buy'' (1928) with
Humberston Wright. She followed it with ''
The First Born'' (1928) with
Miles Mander
Miles Mander (born Lionel Henry Mander; 14 May 1888 – 8 February 1946), was an English character actor of the early Hollywood cinema, also a film director and producer, and a playwright and novelist. He was sometimes credited as Luther Mile ...
, which really established her in films. Carroll went to France to make ''
Not So Stupid'' (1928). Back in Britain she starred in ''
The Crooked Billet'' (1929) and ''
The American Prisoner
''The American Prisoner'' is a British novel written by Eden Phillpotts and published in 1904
and The American Prisoner (film), adapted into a film by the same name in 1929. The story concerns an English woman who lives at Fox Tor farm, and a ...
'' (1929), both shot in silent and sound versions. In 1930, she starred in ''
Atlantic
The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about . It covers approximately 20% of Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. It is known to separate the "Old World" of Africa, Europe an ...
'', then co-starred with
Brian Aherne
William Brian de Lacy Aherne (2 May 190210 February 1986) was an English actor of stage, screen, radio and television, who enjoyed a long and varied career in Britain and the United States.
His first Broadway appearance in '' The Barretts of ...
in ''
The W Plan'' (1930). In France she was in ''
Instinct
Instinct is the inherent inclination of a living organism towards a particular complex behaviour, containing both innate (inborn) and learned elements. The simplest example of an instinctive behaviour is a fixed action pattern (FAP), in which a ...
'' (1930). On stage, Carroll appeared in ''The Roof'' (1929) for
Basil Dean, ''
The Constant Nymph'', ''Mr Pickwick'' (opposite
Charles Laughton
Charles Laughton (1 July 1899 – 15 December 1962) was a British actor. He was trained in London at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art and first appeared professionally on the stage in 1926. In 1927, he was cast in a play with his future ...
) and an adaptation of ''
Beau Geste
''Beau Geste'' is an adventure novel by British writer P. C. Wren, which details the adventures of three English brothers who enlist separately in the French Foreign Legion following the theft of a valuable jewel from the country house of a re ...
''.
The same year, Carroll starred in the controversial ''
Young Woodley'' (1930), followed by a farce, ''
French Leave
A French leave, sometimes Irish goodbye or Irish exit, is a departure from a location or event without informing others or without seeking approval. Examples include relatively innocuous acts such as leaving a party without bidding farewell in ...
'' (1930). She had a support role in an early adaptation of ''
Escape'' (1930) and was the female lead in ''
The School for Scandal
''The School for Scandal'' is a comedy of manners written by Richard Brinsley Sheridan. It was first performed in London at Drury Lane Theatre on 8 May 1777.
Plot
Act I
Scene I: Lady Sneerwell, a wealthy young widow, and her hireling Sn ...
'' (1930) and ''
Kissing Cup's Race'' (1930). Carroll starred as a French aristocrat in ''
Madame Guillotine'' (1931) with Aherne, then did another with Mander, ''
Fascination'' (1931). She was in ''
The Written Law'' (1931), then signed a contract with
Gaumont British for whom she made ''
Sleeping Car
The sleeping car or sleeper (often ) is a railway passenger car that can accommodate all passengers in beds of one kind or another, for the purpose of sleeping. George Pullman was the American innovator of the sleeper car.
The first such cars s ...
'' (1932) with
Ivor Novello
Ivor Novello (born David Ivor Davies; 15 January 1893 – 6 March 1951) was a Welsh actor, dramatist, singer and composer who became one of the most popular British entertainers of the first half of the 20th century.
He was born into a musical ...
.
She had a big hit with ''
I Was a Spy'' (1933), which won her an award as best actress of the year. It was directed by
Victor Saville. Carroll played the title role in the play ''Little Catherine''. Abruptly, she announced plans to retire from films to devote herself to a private life with her husband, the first of four. Carroll went to Hollywood to appear in ''
The World Moves On'' (1934) for Fox;
John Ford
John Martin Feeney (February 1, 1894 – August 31, 1973), known professionally as John Ford, was an American film director and naval officer. He is widely regarded as one of the most important and influential filmmakers of his generation. He ...
directed and
Franchot Tone
Stanislaus Pascal Franchot Tone (February 27, 1905 – September 18, 1968) was an American actor, producer, and director of stage, film and television. He was a leading man in the 1930s and early 1940s, and at the height of his career was known ...
co starred. Back in England she was in ''
The Dictator'' (1935) for Saville, playing
Caroline Matilda of Great Britain.
Hitchcock
Carroll attracted the attention of
Alfred Hitchcock
Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock (13 August 1899 – 29 April 1980) was an English filmmaker. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in the history of cinema. In a career spanning six decades, he directed over 50 featur ...
and in 1935 starred as one of the director's earliest prototypical cool, glib, intelligent blondes in ''
The 39 Steps''. Based on the
espionage novel by
John Buchan
John Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir (; 26 August 1875 – 11 February 1940) was a Scottish novelist, historian, and Unionist politician who served as Governor General of Canada, the 15th since Canadian Confederation.
After a brief legal career, ...
, the film became a sensation and with it so did Carroll. Cited by ''
The New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ...
'' for a performance that was "charming and skillful", Carroll became very much in demand. Of Hitchcock heroines as exemplified by Carroll, film critic
Roger Ebert
Roger Joseph Ebert (; June 18, 1942 – April 4, 2013) was an American film critic, film historian, journalist, screenwriter, and author. He was a film critic for the ''Chicago Sun-Times'' from 1967 until his death in 2013. In 1975, Ebert beca ...
wrote:
The female characters in his films reflected the same qualities over and over again: They were blonde. They were icy and remote. They were imprisoned in costumes that subtly combined fashion with fetishism. They mesmerised the men, who often had physical or psychological handicaps. Sooner or later, every Hitchcock woman was humiliated.
The director wanted to re-team Carroll with her ''39 Steps'' co-star
Robert Donat
Friedrich Robert Donat (18 March 1905 – 9 June 1958) was an English actor. He is best remembered for his roles in Alfred Hitchcock's '' The 39 Steps'' (1935) and '' Goodbye, Mr. Chips'' (1939), winning for the latter the Academy Award for ...
the following year in ''
Secret Agent'', a spy thriller based on a work by
W. Somerset Maugham. However, Donat's recurring health problems intervened, resulting in a Carroll–
John Gielgud
Sir Arthur John Gielgud, (; 14 April 1904 – 21 May 2000) was an English actor and theatre director whose career spanned eight decades. With Ralph Richardson and Laurence Olivier, he was one of the trinity of actors who dominated the Briti ...
pairing. In between the films she made a short drama ''
The Story of Papworth'' (1935).
Hollywood
Poised for international stardom, Carroll was the first British beauty to be offered a major American film contract. She accepted a lucrative deal with
Paramount Pictures
Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American film and television production company, production and Distribution (marketing), distribution company and the main namesake division of Paramount Global (formerly ViacomCBS). It is the fifth-oldes ...
and was cast opposite
George Brent in ''
The Case Against Mrs. Ames'' (1936). She followed this with ''
The General Died at Dawn'' (1936), and was borrowed by
20th Century Fox
20th Century Studios, Inc. (previously known as 20th Century Fox) is an American film studio, film production company headquartered at the Fox Studio Lot in the Century City area of Los Angeles. As of 2019, it serves as a film production arm o ...
to play the female lead in ''
Lloyd's of London
Lloyd's of London, generally known simply as Lloyd's, is an insurance and reinsurance market located in London, England. Unlike most of its competitors in the industry, it is not an insurance company; rather, Lloyd's is a corporate body gove ...
'' (1936) which made a star of
Tyrone Power
Tyrone Edmund Power III (May 5, 1914 – November 15, 1958) was an American actor. From the 1930s to the 1950s, Power appeared in dozens of films, often in swashbuckler roles or romantic leads. His better-known films include ''Jesse James (193 ...
. She stayed at the studio to make ''
On the Avenue'' (1937), a musical with
Dick Powell
Richard Ewing Powell (November 14, 1904 – January 2, 1963) was an American actor, musician, producer, director, and studio head. Though he came to stardom as a musical comedy performer, he showed versatility, and successfully transformed into ...
and
Alice Faye.
Carroll went to Columbia for ''
It's All Yours'' (1937) then was cast by
David O. Selznick
David O. Selznick (May 10, 1902June 22, 1965) was an American film producer, screenwriter and film studio executive who produced ''Gone with the Wind'' (1939) and ''Rebecca'' (1940), both of which earned him an Academy Award for Best Picture.
E ...
as
Ronald Colman
Ronald Charles Colman (9 February 1891 – 19 May 1958) was an English-born actor, starting his career in theatre and silent film in his native country, then immigrating to the United States and having a successful Hollywood film career. He wa ...
's love interest in the 1937 box-office success ''
The Prisoner of Zenda
''The Prisoner of Zenda'' is an 1894 adventure novel by Anthony Hope, in which the King of Ruritania is drugged on the eve of his coronation and thus is unable to attend the ceremony. Political forces within the realm are such that, in or ...
''.
Walter Wanger put her in ''
Blockade
A blockade is the act of actively preventing a country or region from receiving or sending out food, supplies, weapons, or communications, and sometimes people, by military force.
A blockade differs from an embargo or sanction, which ar ...
'' (1938) with
Henry Fonda
Henry Jaynes Fonda (May 16, 1905 – August 12, 1982) was an American actor. He had a career that spanned five decades on Broadway and in Hollywood. He cultivated an everyman screen image in several films considered to be classics.
Born and r ...
, about the
Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil War ( es, Guerra Civil Española)) or The Revolution ( es, La Revolución, link=no) among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War ( es, Cuarta Guerra Carlista, link=no) among Carlism, Carlists, and The Rebellion ( es, La Rebeli ...
. Back at Paramount she made some comedies with
Fred MacMurray
Frederick Martin MacMurray (August 30, 1908 – November 5, 1991) was an American actor. He appeared in more than one hundred films and a successful television series, in a career that spanned nearly a half-century. His career as a major film le ...
, ''
Cafe Society'' (1939) and ''
Honeymoon in Bali'' (1939).
Edward Small gave her top billing in ''
My Son, My Son!'' (1940) with Aherne.
She starred in ''
Safari
A safari (; ) is an overland journey to observe wild animals, especially in eastern or southern Africa. The so-called "Big Five" game animals of Africa – lion, leopard, rhinoceros, elephant, and Cape buffalo – particularly form an importa ...
'' (1940) then played against Gary Cooper in ''
North West Mounted Police'' (1940), directed by
Cecil B. DeMille. Paramount put Carroll opposite MacMurray in ''
Virginia
Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the East Coast of the United States, Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography an ...
'' (1941) and ''
One Night in Lisbon'' (1941). ''Virginia'' also starred
Sterling Hayden
Sterling Walter Hayden (born Sterling Relyea Walter; March 26, 1916 – May 23, 1986) was an American actor, author, sailor and decorated Marine Corps officer and an Office of Strategic Services' agent during World War II. A leading man for mo ...
who was reteamed with Carroll in ''
Bahama Passage'' (1941). Carroll was
Bob Hope
Leslie Townes "Bob" Hope (May 29, 1903 – July 27, 2003) was a British-American comedian, vaudevillian, actor, singer and dancer. With a career that spanned nearly 80 years, Hope appeared in Bob Hope filmography, more than 70 short and ...
's love interest in ''
My Favorite Blonde'' (1942).
Radio and theatre
On
radio
Radio is the technology of signaling and communicating using radio waves. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves of frequency between 30 hertz (Hz) and 300 gigahertz (GHz). They are generated by an electronic device called a transm ...
, Carroll was a participant in ''The Circle'' (1939) on NBC, discussing "current events, literature and drama" each week.
In 1944, she was the host of ''This Is the Story'', an anthology series dramatising famous novels on the
Mutual Broadcasting System
The Mutual Broadcasting System (commonly referred to simply as Mutual; sometimes referred to as MBS, Mutual Radio or the Mutual Radio Network) was an American commercial radio network in operation from 1934 to 1999. In the golden age of U.S. rad ...
. At the tail end of radio's golden age, Carroll starred in the NBC soap opera ''The Affairs of Dr. Gentry'' (1957–59). She also was one of a group of four stars who rotated in taking the lead in each week's episode of ''The NBC Radio Theater'' (1959).
In 1948 she made her debut on
Broadway as Agatha Reed in
Fay Kanin
Fay Kanin (née Mitchell; May 9, 1917March 27, 2013) was an American screenwriter, playwright and producer. Kanin was President of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences from 1979 to 1983.
Biography
Born Fay Mitchell in New York City t ...
's ''
Goodbye, My Fancy''; a role later portrayed by
Joan Crawford
Joan Crawford (born Lucille Fay LeSueur; March 23, ncertain year from 1904 to 1908was an American actress. She started her career as a dancer in traveling theatrical companies before debuting on Broadway. Crawford was signed to a motion pic ...
in the
1951 film adaptation.
Return to Britain
Carroll returned to Britain after the war. She was in ''
White Cradle Inn'' (1947). She went back to the US and was reunited with MacMurray for ''
An Innocent Affair'' (1948). Her last film was ''
The Fan'' (1949).
Awards
In 1946, Carroll was awarded France's
Legion of Honour
The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon ...
for her overseas work, during
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
, liaising between the forces of the
United States Army
The United States Army (USA) is the land warfare, land military branch, service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight Uniformed services of the United States, U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army o ...
and the
French Resistance
The French Resistance (french: La Résistance) was a collection of organisations that fought the German occupation of France during World War II, Nazi occupation of France and the Collaborationism, collaborationist Vichy France, Vichy régim ...
, and her post-war fostering of amity between
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan ar ...
and the
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., federal district, five ma ...
.
For her contributions to the
film industry
The film industry or motion picture industry comprises the technological and commercial institutions of filmmaking, i.e., film production company, production companies, film studios, cinematography, animation, film production, screenwriting, pre ...
, Carroll was inducted into the
Hollywood Walk of Fame
The Hollywood Walk of Fame is a historic landmark which consists of more than 2,700 five-pointed terrazzo and brass stars embedded in the sidewalks along 15 blocks of Hollywood Boulevard and three blocks of Vine Street in Hollywood, Calif ...
in 1960 with a
motion pictures star located at 6707
Hollywood Boulevard
Hollywood Boulevard is a major east–west street in Los Angeles, California. It begins in the east at Sunset Boulevard in the Los Feliz district and proceeds to the west as a major thoroughfare through Little Armenia and Thai Town, Hollywo ...
.
A commemorative monument and plaques were unveiled in her birthplace, West Bromwich, to mark the centenary of her birth. Her story is one of rare courage and dedication when at the height of her success she gave up her acting career during World War II to work in the line of fire on troop trains for the
Red Cross
The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is a Humanitarianism, humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million Volunteering, volunteers, members and staff worldwide. It was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure re ...
in Italy after her sister was killed by a German air raid – for which she was awarded the American
Medal of Freedom.
Personal life
Carroll married her first husband, Colonel Philip Reginald Astley, in 1931; they divorced in 1939. He was an estate agent, big-game hunter and soldier. In 1941, she starred opposite
Sterling Hayden
Sterling Walter Hayden (born Sterling Relyea Walter; March 26, 1916 – May 23, 1986) was an American actor, author, sailor and decorated Marine Corps officer and an Office of Strategic Services' agent during World War II. A leading man for mo ...
in ''
Virginia
Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the East Coast of the United States, Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography an ...
''. The following year they married, divorcing in 1946. After her only sister, Marguerite, was killed in World War II's
London Blitz
The Blitz was a German bombing campaign against the United Kingdom in 1940 and 1941, during the Second World War. The term was first used by the British press and originated from the term , the German word meaning 'lightning war'.
The Germa ...
, Carroll made a radical shift from acting to working in field hospitals as a
Red Cross
The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is a Humanitarianism, humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million Volunteering, volunteers, members and staff worldwide. It was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure re ...
nurse. Having become a
naturalised
Naturalization (or naturalisation) is the legal act or process by which a non-citizen of a country may acquire citizenship or nationality of that country. It may be done automatically by a statute, i.e., without any effort on the part of the in ...
US citizen in 1943, she served at the American Army Air Force's 61st Station Hospital in
Foggia
Foggia (, , ; nap, label= Foggiano, Fògge ) is a city and former ''comune'' of Apulia, in Southern Italy, capital of the province of Foggia. In 2013, its population was 153,143. Foggia is the main city of a plain called Tavoliere, also know ...
, Italy, in 1944, where wounded airmen flying out of area's air bases were hospitalised. She earned the rank of captain and received the Medal of Freedom for her nursing service.
Carroll first visited Spain's
Costa Brava
The Costa Brava (, ; "Wild Coast" or "Rough Coast") is a coastal region of Catalonia in northeastern Spain. Whilst sources differ on the exact definition of the Costa Brava, it can be regarded as stretching from the town of Blanes, northeast o ...
in 1934. The following year she bought an estate in
Calonge, where her seaside home, Castell Madeleine, was constructed.
She was prevented from living there by the
Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil War ( es, Guerra Civil Española)) or The Revolution ( es, La Revolución, link=no) among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War ( es, Cuarta Guerra Carlista, link=no) among Carlism, Carlists, and The Rebellion ( es, La Rebeli ...
and World War II and moved to Marbella in 1949. The home was later demolished, leaving one tower intact, and a housing development named after it (Urbanización Castell Madeleine). During the war, Carroll donated another property of hers, a château she owned outside Paris, to house more than one hundred and fifty orphans, arranging for groups of young people in California to knit clothing for them. In an
RKO-Pathe News bulletin she was filmed at the château with children and staff wearing the donated clothes thanking those who contributed. She was awarded the
Légion d'Honneur
The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon B ...
for her efforts by France. Allied Commander
Dwight Eisenhower remarked in private that, of all the movie stars he met in Europe during the war, he was most impressed with Carroll and
Herbert Marshall
Herbert Brough Falcon Marshall (23 May 1890 – 22 January 1966) was an English stage, screen and radio actor who starred in many popular and well-regarded Hollywood films in the 1930s and 1940s. After a successful theatrical career in the Uni ...
(who worked with military amputees).
After the war, Carroll stayed in Europe where she conducted a radio program fostering French-American friendship and helped in the rehabilitation of
concentration camp
Internment is the imprisonment of people, commonly in large groups, without charges or intent to file charges. The term is especially used for the confinement "of enemy citizens in wartime or of terrorism suspects". Thus, while it can simp ...
victims, during which she met her future third husband, the French producer
Henri Lavorel
Henri-Albert-Sylvestre Lavorel (5 July 19147 January 1955) was born in Annecy, Haute-Savoie and was married to the English actress Madeleine Carroll from 1946 to 1949. Lavorel died in a car crash in Versailles in 1955 aged 40.
He worked as a pro ...
. In late 1946, she went briefly to Switzerland to film a British film, ''
White Cradle Inn'' (aka ''High Fury'').
On her return to Paris, she and Lavorel formed a production company and made several two-reel documentaries to promote peace, one of which, ''Children's Republic'', was shown at the
Cannes Film Festival
The Cannes Festival (; french: link=no, Festival de Cannes), until 2003 called the International Film Festival (') and known in English as the Cannes Film Festival, is an annual film festival held in Cannes, France, which previews new films ...
. Carroll told the
Christian Science Monitor
Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρ ...
that "wars are started at the top but can be prevented at the bottom, if all men and women will rid themselves of distrust and suspicion of that which is foreign." Filmed in a small orphanage in the town of
Sèvres
Sèvres (, ) is a commune in the southwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the centre of Paris, in the Hauts-de-Seine department, Île-de-France region. The commune, which had a population of 23,251 as of 2018, is known for ...
, just southwest of Paris, it focused attention on the devastation of children's lives in Europe caused by war. Widely shown in Canada, it became a prime source of funds for the manufacture of artificial limbs for wounded children.
In 1947, Carroll returned to the US together with Lavorel. Their intention was for her to resume her acting career, which would fund their production company, but they soon separated. Appearing in three more films until 1949 and debuting on Broadway in 1948, Carroll then mostly retired from acting, although she did occasionally appear on television and radio until the mid-1960s.
She married
Andrew Heiskell, publisher of ''
Life
Life is a quality that distinguishes matter that has biological processes, such as Cell signaling, signaling and self-sustaining processes, from that which does not, and is defined by the capacity for Cell growth, growth, reaction to Stimu ...
'', in 1950, and they had a daughter Anne Madeleine in 1951.
[ ] They divorced in 1965. By then, Carroll had moved to Paris. She later moved to Spain, where she shared an estate with her mother and her daughter. Her mother died in 1975 and her daughter, having relocated to New York, died in 1983.
Death
Carroll died on 2 October 1987, aged 81, in
Marbella
Marbella ( , , ) is a city and municipality in southern Spain, belonging to the province of Málaga in the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is part of the Costa del Sol and is the headquarters of the Association of Municipalities of the r ...
, Spain, from
pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic cancer arises when cells in the pancreas, a glandular organ behind the stomach, begin to multiply out of control and form a mass. These cancerous cells have the ability to invade other parts of the body. A number of types of panc ...
and is buried in the cemetery of Sant Antoni de Calonge in
Catalonia
Catalonia (; ca, Catalunya ; Aranese Occitan: ''Catalonha'' ; es, Cataluña ) is an autonomous community of Spain, designated as a '' nationality'' by its Statute of Autonomy.
Most of the territory (except the Val d'Aran) lies on the no ...
.
[
]
Filmography
* '' The Guns of Loos'' (1928) as Diana Cheswick
* '' What Money Can Buy'' (1928) as Rhoda Pearson
* '' The First Born'' (1928) as Lady Madeleine Boycott
* '' Not So Stupid'' (1928)
* '' The Crooked Billet'' (1929) as Joan Easton
* ''The American Prisoner
''The American Prisoner'' is a British novel written by Eden Phillpotts and published in 1904
and The American Prisoner (film), adapted into a film by the same name in 1929. The story concerns an English woman who lives at Fox Tor farm, and a ...
'' (1929) as Grace Malherb
* ''Atlantic
The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about . It covers approximately 20% of Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. It is known to separate the "Old World" of Africa, Europe an ...
'' (1929) as Monica
* '' The W Plan'' (1930) as Rosa Hartmann
* ''Instinct
Instinct is the inherent inclination of a living organism towards a particular complex behaviour, containing both innate (inborn) and learned elements. The simplest example of an instinctive behaviour is a fixed action pattern (FAP), in which a ...
'' (1930)
* '' Young Woodley'' (1930) as Laura Simmons
* ''French Leave
A French leave, sometimes Irish goodbye or Irish exit, is a departure from a location or event without informing others or without seeking approval. Examples include relatively innocuous acts such as leaving a party without bidding farewell in ...
'' (1930) as Mlle. Juliette / Dorothy Glenister
* '' Escape'' (1930) as Dora
* ''The School for Scandal
''The School for Scandal'' is a comedy of manners written by Richard Brinsley Sheridan. It was first performed in London at Drury Lane Theatre on 8 May 1777.
Plot
Act I
Scene I: Lady Sneerwell, a wealthy young widow, and her hireling Sn ...
'' (1930) as Lady Teazle
* '' Kissing Cup's Race'' (1930) as Lady Molly Adair
* '' Madame Guillotine'' (1931) as Lucille de Choisigne
* '' Fascination'' (1931) as Gwenda Farrell
* '' The Written Law'' (1931) as Lady Margaret Rochester
* ''Sleeping Car
The sleeping car or sleeper (often ) is a railway passenger car that can accommodate all passengers in beds of one kind or another, for the purpose of sleeping. George Pullman was the American innovator of the sleeper car.
The first such cars s ...
'' (1933) as Anne
* '' I Was a Spy'' (1933) as Martha Cnockhaert
* '' The World Moves On'' (1934) as Mrs. Warburton, 1825 / Mary Warburton Girard, 1914
* '' The Dictator'' (1935) as Queen Caroline Mathilde of Denmark
* '' The 39 Steps'' (1935) as Pamela
* ''The Story of Papworth, the Village of Hope
''The Story of Papworth'' (also known as ''The Story of Papworth, the Village of Hope'') is a 1935 British short drama film directed by Anthony Asquith and starring Madeleine Carroll, Gordon Harker and C. Aubrey Smith. The screenplay concerns a c ...
'' (1935, short) as The Introducer
* '' Secret Agent'' (1936) as Elsa Carrington
* '' The Case Against Mrs. Ames'' (1936) as Hope Ames
* '' The General Died at Dawn'' (1936) as Judy Perrie
* ''Lloyd's of London
Lloyd's of London, generally known simply as Lloyd's, is an insurance and reinsurance market located in London, England. Unlike most of its competitors in the industry, it is not an insurance company; rather, Lloyd's is a corporate body gove ...
'' (1936) as Lady Elizabeth
* '' On the Avenue'' (1937) as Mimi Caraway
* '' It's All Yours'' (1937) as Linda Gray
* ''The Prisoner of Zenda
''The Prisoner of Zenda'' is an 1894 adventure novel by Anthony Hope, in which the King of Ruritania is drugged on the eve of his coronation and thus is unable to attend the ceremony. Political forces within the realm are such that, in or ...
'' (1937) as Princess Flavia
* ''Blockade
A blockade is the act of actively preventing a country or region from receiving or sending out food, supplies, weapons, or communications, and sometimes people, by military force.
A blockade differs from an embargo or sanction, which ar ...
'' (1938) as Norma
* '' Cafe Society'' (1939) as Christopher West
* '' Honeymoon in Bali'' (1939) as Gail Allen
* '' My Son, My Son!'' (1940) as Livia Vaynol
* ''Safari
A safari (; ) is an overland journey to observe wild animals, especially in eastern or southern Africa. The so-called "Big Five" game animals of Africa – lion, leopard, rhinoceros, elephant, and Cape buffalo – particularly form an importa ...
'' (1940) as Linda Stewart
* ''Northwest Mounted Police
The North-West Mounted Police (NWMP) was a Canadian para-military police force, established in 1873, to maintain order in the new Canadian North-West Territories (NWT) following the 1870 transfer of Rupert’s Land and North-Western Territory ...
'' (1940) as April Logan
* ''Virginia
Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the East Coast of the United States, Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography an ...
'' (1941) as Charlotte Dunterry
* '' One Night in Lisbon'' (1941) as Leonora Perrycoate
* '' Bahama Passage'' (1941) as Carol Delbridge
* '' My Favorite Blonde'' (1942) as Karen Bentley
* '' White Cradle Inn'' (1947) as Magda
* '' An Innocent Affair'' (1948) as Paula Doane
* '' The Fan'' (1949) as Mrs. Erlynne
Radio appearances
See also
*
References
External links
*
*
*
Madeleine Carroll biography and filmography at Screenonline.org.uk
BBC: ''Bid to honour film star war nurse''
Madeleine Carroll – Official Tribute Website
Photographs of Madeleine Carroll
{{DEFAULTSORT:Carroll, Madeleine
1906 births
1987 deaths
20th-century English actresses
20th Century Studios contract players
Alumni of the University of Birmingham
Deaths from cancer in Spain
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
English emigrants to the United States
English expatriates in Spain
English film actresses
English people of French descent
English people of Irish descent
Recipients of the Legion of Honour
Paramount Pictures contract players
People from West Bromwich
Actors from Staffordshire
People educated at West Bromwich Grammar School