''Mactra'' is a large genus of medium-sized
marine
Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean.
Marine or marines may refer to:
Ocean
* Maritime (disambiguation)
* Marine art
* Marine biology
* Marine debris
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* ...
bivalve
Bivalvia (), in previous centuries referred to as the Lamellibranchiata and Pelecypoda, is a class of marine and freshwater molluscs that have laterally compressed bodies enclosed by a shell consisting of two hinged parts. As a group, bival ...
mollusk
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...
s or clams, commonly known as
trough shells or
duck clams. ''Mactra'' is the
type genus
In biological taxonomy, the type genus is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name.
Zoological nomenclature
According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearing type of a nominal f ...
within the
family
Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...
Mactridae
Mactridae, common name the trough shells or duck clams, is a family of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the order Venerida.
Description
These clams have two short siphons, each with a horny sheath. The shell is shaped like a rounded- ...
.
[MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Mactra Linnaeus, 1767. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138158 on 2021-06-03]
The word "trough" in the common name refers to the fact that all ''Mactra'' shells have a large ligamental pit at the hinge line, which in life contains a large internal ligament. Most bivalves in other families have an external ligament instead.
Species
* ''
Mactra chinensis
''Mactra chinensis'' is a species of saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Mactridae, the trough shells.
Distribution and habitat
''Mactra chinensis'' is found living in sandy substrates in shallow marine habitats in Vietnam, ...
''
Philippi, 1846
* ''
Mactra glabrata
''Mactra glabrata'' is a species of bivalves belonging to the family Mactridae.
The species inhabits marine environments.
References
Mactridae
{{Improve categories, date=February 2022 ...
''
Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
, 1767
* ''
Mactra glauca''
Born, 1778
* ''
Mactra grandis''
(Gmelin, 1791)
* ''
Mactra guidoi''
Signorelli & F. Scarabino, 2010
* ''
Mactra isabelleana''
d'Orbiginny, 1846
* ''
Mactra lilacea''
Lamarck, 1818
* ''
Mactra quadrangularis
''Mactra'' is a large genus of medium-sized marine bivalve mollusks or clams, commonly known as trough shells or duck clams. ''Mactra'' is the type genus within the family Mactridae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Mactra Linnaeus, 176 ...
''
Reeve, 1854
* ''
Mactra sauliana''
Gray, 1838
* ''
Mactra stultorum
''Mactra stultorum'', previously sometimes known as ''Mactra corallina'', is a species of edible saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Mactridae, the trough shells.
Distribution
This species lives in the Black Sea, the Medite ...
''
(Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
, 1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...
)
* ''
Mactra veneriformis
''Mactra'' is a large genus of medium-sized marine bivalve mollusks or clams, commonly known as trough shells or duck clams. ''Mactra'' is the type genus within the family Mactridae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Mactra Linnaeus, 176 ...
'' (
シオフキガイ, ''shiofukigai'' in Japanese; ''동죽 조개'' in Korean)
;Species brought into synonymy:
* ''Mactra acutissima''
Cosel, 1995: synonym of ''
Scissodesma acutissima
''Scissodesma'' is a genus of bivalves belonging to the subfamily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae.
The species of this genus are found in Africa.
Species:
*'' Scissodesma acutissima''
*'' Scissodesma (Crepispisula) amekiensis''
*''Scissod ...
''
(Cosel, 1995)
* ''Mactra angolensis''
Cosel, 1995: synonym of ''
Scissodesma angolensis
''Scissodesma'' is a genus of bivalves belonging to the subfamily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae.
The species of this genus are found in Africa.
Species:
*'' Scissodesma acutissima''
*'' Scissodesma (Crepispisula) amekiensis''
*'' Scisso ...
''
(Cosel, 1995)
* ''Mactra discors''
Gray, 1873: synonym of ''
Spisula discors
''Spisula'' is a genus of medium-sized to large marine bivalve mollusks or clams in the subfazmily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae, commonly known as surf clams or trough shells. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Spisula Gray, 1837. Ac ...
''
(Gray, 1837)
* ''Mactra inconstans''
Cosel, 1995: synonym of ''
Huberimactra inconstans''
(Cosel, 1995)
* ''Mactra micronitida''
Cosel, 1995: synonym of ''
Scissodesma micronitida
''Scissodesma'' is a genus of bivalves belonging to the subfamily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae.
The species of this genus are found in Africa.
Species:
*'' Scissodesma acutissima''
*'' Scissodesma (Crepispisula) amekiensis''
*'' Scisso ...
''
(Cosel, 1995)
* ''Mactra murchisoni''
Deshayes, 1854 : synonym of ''
Spisula murchisoni
''Spisula'' is a genus of medium-sized to large marine bivalve mollusks or clams in the subfazmily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae, commonly known as surf clams or trough shells. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Spisula Gray, 1837. Ac ...
''
(Reeve, 1854)
* ''Mactra nitida''
Spengler, 1786: synonym of ''
Scissodesma nitida
''Scissodesma'' is a genus of bivalves belonging to the subfamily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae
Mactridae, common name the trough shells or duck clams, is a family of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the order Venerida.
Descr ...
''
(Gmelin, 1791)
* ''Mactra ordinaria''
(E.A.Smith, 1898) : synonym of ''
Maorimactra ordinaria''
(E. A. Smith, 1898)
* ''Mactra ovata''
Wood 1828 : synonym of ''
Paphies australis
''Paphies australis'' or pipi (from the Māori language) is a bivalve mollusc of the family Mesodesmatidae, endemic to New Zealand. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Paphies australis (Gmelin, 1791). Accessed through: World Register of Ma ...
''
(Gmelin, 1791)
* ''Mactra rostrata''
Spengler, 1802: synonym of ''
Barymactra rostrata''
(Spengler, 1802)
* ''Mactra silicula''
Reeve, 1854: synonym of ''
Mactrotoma compressa''
(Spengler, 1802)
* ''Mactra tristis''
(Reeve, 1854): synonym of ''
Cyclomactra tristis''
(Reeve, 1854)
* ''Mactra vitrea''
Gray, 1837: synonym of ''
Huberimactra grayi''
(M. Huber, 2015)
References
*
{{Commons category
Mactridae
Bivalve genera