''Macrosoma conifera'' is moth-like butterfly described by
Warren
A warren is a network of wild rodent or lagomorph, typically rabbit burrows. Domestic warrens are artificial, enclosed establishment of animal husbandry dedicated to the raising of rabbits for meat and fur. The term evolved from the medieval Angl ...
in 1897. It belongs to the family
Hedylidae.
[ Originally it belonged to the genus '' Phellinodes''. Malcolm J. Scoble combined it with ''Macrosoma'' in 1986.][
]
Distribution
The species is found extensively in Guatemala
Guatemala ( ; ), officially the Republic of Guatemala ( es, República de Guatemala, links=no), is a country in Central America. It is bordered to the north and west by Mexico; to the northeast by Belize and the Caribbean; to the east by H ...
, north of Paraguay
Paraguay (; ), officially the Republic of Paraguay ( es, República del Paraguay, links=no; gn, Tavakuairetã Paraguái, links=si), is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to th ...
: Villarrica, Gorgona Island off the coast of Colombia
Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...
, Cusco
Cusco, often spelled Cuzco (; qu, Qusqu ()), is a city in Southeastern Peru near the Urubamba Valley of the Andes mountain range. It is the capital of the Cusco Region and of the Cusco Province. The city is the list of cities in Peru, seventh m ...
in the Peruvian Andes
The Andes, Andes Mountains or Andean Mountains (; ) are the longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America. The range is long, wide (widest between 18°S – 20°S ...
to eastern Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
, Amazon
Amazon most often refers to:
* Amazons, a tribe of female warriors in Greek mythology
* Amazon rainforest, a rainforest covering most of the Amazon basin
* Amazon River, in South America
* Amazon (company), an American multinational technology c ...
as region of Venezuela
Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in th ...
, the island of Trinidad
Trinidad is the larger and more populous of the two major islands of Trinidad and Tobago. The island lies off the northeastern coast of Venezuela and sits on the continental shelf of South America. It is often referred to as the southernmos ...
, Suriname
Suriname (; srn, Sranankondre or ), officially the Republic of Suriname ( nl, Republiek Suriname , srn, Ripolik fu Sranan), is a country on the northeastern Atlantic coast of South America. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north ...
, French Guiana
French Guiana ( or ; french: link=no, Guyane ; gcr, label=French Guianese Creole, Lagwiyann ) is an overseas departments and regions of France, overseas department/region and single territorial collectivity of France on the northern Atlantic ...
, and Belém
Belém (; Portuguese for Bethlehem; initially called Nossa Senhora de Belém do Grão-Pará, in English Our Lady of Bethlehem of Great Pará) often called Belém of Pará, is a Brazilian city, capital and largest city of the state of Pará in t ...
at the mouth of the Amazon in northeastern Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
.[
]
Description
Wings
''M. conifera'' has wings of the greyish brown ground colour.
Forewing: The forewing has weak medial, semi-translucent area. The triangular white patch on costa is usually prominent, sometimes reduced. The apex is of dark grey-brown colour.
Hindwing: The termen is sometimes weakly sinuate, sometimes rounded; medially semi-translucent with darkish grey-brown colour.
The length of the forewing is .[
]
Genitalia
Male
Following are the characteristics of the male genitalia:
Female
The female genitalia has the following features:[
*Anal papillae is pointed.
*Sternum has a sclerotized pocket on either side of the ostium bursae.
*Corpus bursae is elongated and broadening gradually from ductus.
*Signum is either denticulate or absent.
]
Antenna
The antenna is not bipectinate in both sexes.[
]
Diagnosis
The absence of chestnut brown on the wings of ''M. conifera'' distinguishes the species from '' M. hedylaria'' and '' M. cascaria''. ''M. conifera'' is also similar in wing pattern to '' M. semiermis'' and its relatives, but in ''M. conifera'' the antenna is filiform not bipectinate.
References
Macrosoma conifera - Overview - Encyclopedia of Life
Catalogue of Life
A catalogue of the Hedylidae (Lepidoptera: Hedyloidea), with descriptions of two new species
An identification guide to the Hedylidae (Lepidoptera: Hedyloidea)
Sources
[Macrosoma conifera - Overview - Encyclopedia of Life]
[Scoble, M.J. (1990). A catalogue of the Hedylidae (Lepidoptera: Hedyloidea), with descriptions of two new species. ''Insect Systematics & Evolution'', 21 (2), 1990, Page: 113-119''.]
[Scoble, M.J. (1990). An identification guide to the Hedylidae (Lepidoptera: Hedyloidea). ''Insect Systematics & Evolution'', 21 (2), 1990, Page: 121-158.]
{{Taxonbar, from=Q16448738
Hedylidae
Butterflies described in 1897
Hedylidae of South America
Taxa named by William Warren (entomologist)