Adenylyltransferase and sulfurtransferase MOCS3 is an

enzyme Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...

that in humans is encoded by the ''MOCS3''

gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba ...

Molybdenum cofactor A molybdenum cofactor is a biochemical cofactor that contains molybdenum. Examples include: * Molybdopterin (or, strictly speaking, the molybdopterin-molybdenum-complex), the organophosphate-dithiolate ligand that binds molybdenum and tungsten ...

(MoCo) is necessary for the function of all molybdoenzymes. One of the enzymes required for the biosynthesis of MoCo is

molybdopterin synthase Molybdopterin synthase (, MPT synthase) is an enzyme required to synthesize molybdopterin (MPT) from precursor Z (now known as cyclic pyranopterin monophosphate). Molydopterin is subsequently complexed with molybdenum to form molybdenum cofactor ( ...

(MPT synthase, encoded by ''

MOCS2 Molybdenum cofactor synthesis protein 2A and molybdenum cofactor synthesis protein 2B are a pair of proteins that in humans are encoded from the same ''MOCS2'' gene.: MOCS2 molybdenum cofactor synthesis 2 These two proteins dimerize to form moly ...

''/''Mocs2'' in

mammal Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur or ...

s). The protein encoded by this gene

adenylate Adenylylation, more commonly known as AMPylation, is a process in which an adenosine monophosphate (AMP) molecule is covalently attached to the amino acid side chain of a protein. This covalent addition of AMP to a hydroxyl side chain of the prote ...

s and activates MPT synthase. This gene contains no

intron An intron is any nucleotide sequence within a gene that is not expressed or operative in the final RNA product. The word ''intron'' is derived from the term ''intragenic region'', i.e. a region inside a gene."The notion of the cistron .e., gene. ...

s. A

pseudogene Pseudogenes are nonfunctional segments of DNA that resemble functional genes. Most arise as superfluous copies of functional genes, either directly by DNA duplication or indirectly by Reverse transcriptase, reverse transcription of an mRNA trans ...

of this gene is present on chromosome 14.

References

Further reading