HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

MLX is a series of
machine language In computer programming, machine code is any low-level programming language, consisting of machine language instructions, which are used to control a computer's central processing unit (CPU). Each instruction causes the CPU to perform a very ...
entry utilities published by the magazines ''
COMPUTE! ''Compute!'' (), often stylized as ''COMPUTE!'', was an American home computer magazine that was published from 1979 to 1994. Its origins can be traced to 1978 in Len Lindsay's ''PET Gazette'', one of the first magazines for the Commodore PET c ...
'' and ''
COMPUTE!'s Gazette ''Compute!'s Gazette'' (), stylized as ''COMPUTE!'s Gazette'', was a computer magazine of the 1980s, directed at users of Commodore's 8-bit home computers. Announced as ''The Commodore Gazette'', it was a Commodore-only daughter magazine of the ...
'', as well as books from COMPUTE! Publications. These programs were designed to allow relatively easy entry of the type-in machine language listings that were often included in these publications. Versions were available for the
Commodore 64 The Commodore 64, also known as the C64, is an 8-bit home computer introduced in January 1982 by Commodore International (first shown at the Consumer Electronics Show, January 7–10, 1982, in Las Vegas). It has been listed in the Guinness ...
,
VIC-20 The VIC-20 (known as the VC-20 in Germany and the VIC-1001 in Japan) is an 8-bit home computer that was sold by Commodore Business Machines. The VIC-20 was announced in 1980, roughly three years after Commodore's first personal computer, the PE ...
,
Atari 8-bit family The Atari 8-bit family is a series of 8-bit home computers introduced by Atari, Inc. in 1979 as the Atari 400 and Atari 800. The series was successively upgraded to Atari 1200XL , Atari 600XL, Atari 800XL, Atari 65XE, Atari 130XE, Atari 800XE, ...
, and
Apple II The Apple II (stylized as ) is an 8-bit home computer and one of the world's first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products. It was designed primarily by Steve Wozniak; Jerry Manock developed the design of Apple II's foam-m ...
. MLX listings were reserved for relatively long machine language programs such as
SpeedScript SpeedScript is a word processor originally printed as a type-in MLX machine language listing in 1984-85 issues of ''Compute!'' and ''Compute!'s Gazette'' magazines. Approximately 5  KB in length, it provided many of the same features as co ...
, some high-performance utilities, and fast-paced games.


First version

MLX was introduced in the December 1983 issue of ''COMPUTE!'' for the
Commodore 64 The Commodore 64, also known as the C64, is an 8-bit home computer introduced in January 1982 by Commodore International (first shown at the Consumer Electronics Show, January 7–10, 1982, in Las Vegas). It has been listed in the Guinness ...
and
Atari 8-bit family The Atari 8-bit family is a series of 8-bit home computers introduced by Atari, Inc. in 1979 as the Atari 400 and Atari 800. The series was successively upgraded to Atari 1200XL , Atari 600XL, Atari 800XL, Atari 65XE, Atari 130XE, Atari 800XE, ...
(necessary to input the Atari gam
Chopperoids
on Pg 122), and simultaneously in the December 1983 issue of ''COMPUTE!'s Gazette'' to be used for the entry of two C-64 machine language games, the excellen
Spike
(Pg 74) and the competitiv
Space Duel
(Pg 80). This was followed by a version in the January 1984 issue of ''COMPUTE!'s Gazette'', for the
VIC-20 The VIC-20 (known as the VC-20 in Germany and the VIC-1001 in Japan) is an 8-bit home computer that was sold by Commodore Business Machines. The VIC-20 was announced in 1980, roughly three years after Commodore's first personal computer, the PE ...
with 8 K expansion, which was necessary to enter the
VIC-20 The VIC-20 (known as the VC-20 in Germany and the VIC-1001 in Japan) is an 8-bit home computer that was sold by Commodore Business Machines. The VIC-20 was announced in 1980, roughly three years after Commodore's first personal computer, the PE ...
version of th
SpeedScript
word processor. MLX was in high demand when it was first introduced as the February 1984 issue of ''COMPUTE!'s Gazette'' contained the amazingly franti
Astro Panic!
(Pg 68) for the C-64. The March 1984 ''COMPUTE!'s Gazette'' issue featured Tiny MLX, a customised version specifically modified to allow typing in the gam
CUT-OFF!
(Pg 46) on an unexpanded
VIC-20 The VIC-20 (known as the VC-20 in Germany and the VIC-1001 in Japan) is an 8-bit home computer that was sold by Commodore Business Machines. The VIC-20 was announced in 1980, roughly three years after Commodore's first personal computer, the PE ...
. The Bug Swatter column in the March 1984 ''COMPUTE!'s Gazette'' contained corrections for MLX program listings from the December 1983 and January 1984 ''COMPUTE!'s Gazette'' magazines. These corrections also applied to the 64 MLX that had been printed in the December 1983 COMPUTE! issue but never appeared in the CAPUTE! column. Both the January 1984 COMPUTE! and Gazette MLX listings reflected the same changes but, strangely, lines 210 and 215 were different in the updated versions. Similarly, the CAPUTE! column in the March 1984 COMPUTE! Magazine featured a correction for the Atari MLX from the December 1983 issue. In the Commodore version, beginning in the May 1984 issue of ''COMPUTE!'', several keyboard keys are redefined to create a makeshift
numeric keypad A numeric keypad, number pad, numpad, or ten key, is the palm-sized, usually-17-key section of a standard computer keyboard, usually on the far right. It provides calculator-style efficiency for entering numbers. The idea of a 10-key nu ...
. These versions used a format consisting of six data bytes in
decimal The decimal numeral system (also called the base-ten positional numeral system and denary or decanary) is the standard system for denoting integer and non-integer numbers. It is the extension to non-integer numbers of the Hindu–Arabic numeral ...
format, and a seventh as a
checksum A checksum is a small-sized block of data derived from another block of digital data for the purpose of detecting errors that may have been introduced during its transmission or storage. By themselves, checksums are often used to verify data ...
. The program auto-increments the address and prints the comma delimiters every three characters. Invalid keystrokes are ignored.


Improved version

A new version of MLX was introduced for the
Apple II The Apple II (stylized as ) is an 8-bit home computer and one of the world's first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products. It was designed primarily by Steve Wozniak; Jerry Manock developed the design of Apple II's foam-m ...
in the June 1985 issue. This version uses an 8-byte-per-line
hexadecimal In mathematics and computing, the hexadecimal (also base-16 or simply hex) numeral system is a positional numeral system that represents numbers using a radix (base) of 16. Unlike the decimal system representing numbers using 10 symbols, hexa ...
format. A more sophisticated algorithm was implemented to catch errors overlooked by the original. The improved features were then
backport Backporting is the action of taking parts from a newer version of a software system or software component and porting them to an older version of the same software. It forms part of the maintenance step in a software development process, and it is ...
ed to the Commodore 64. The new version, known on the title screen as "MLX II", but otherwise simply as "the new MLX", appeared in the December 1985 issue of ''COMPUTE!''. It was printed in ''COMPUTE!'s Gazette'' the following month. This version of MLX was used until ''COMPUTE!'s Gazette'' switched to a disk-only format in December 1993. A version of MLX for the
Commodore 128 The Commodore 128, also known as the C128, C-128, C= 128,The "C=" represents the graphical part of the logo. is the last 8-bit home computer that was commercially released by Commodore Business Machines (CBM). Introduced in January 1985 at the ...
first appeared on Page 89 of the August 1986 Compute!'s Gazette for entry of TurboDisk 128 (Pg 68) and 128 Sprite Rotator (Pg 74). The March 1987 COMPUTE! featured the
Commodore 128 The Commodore 128, also known as the C128, C-128, C= 128,The "C=" represents the graphical part of the logo. is the last 8-bit home computer that was commercially released by Commodore Business Machines (CBM). Introduced in January 1985 at the ...
version of MLX (Pg 126) in conunction with 128 File Viewer (Pg 100).


See also

*
The Automatic Proofreader The Automatic Proofreader is a series of checksum utilities published by COMPUTE! Publications for its ''COMPUTE!'' and ''COMPUTE!'s Gazette'' magazines, and various books. These programs are designed to allow home computer users to easily detect ...
– ''COMPUTE!s checksum utility for
BASIC BASIC (Beginners' All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of general-purpose, high-level programming languages designed for ease of use. The original version was created by John G. Kemeny and Thomas E. Kurtz at Dartmouth College ...
programs


References

{{reflist


External links


Machine Language Editor for Atari and Commodore
Apple II software VIC-20 software Atari 8-bit family software Commodore 64 software Machine code