History
The growth of traffic in and around Moscow in the 1950s made the city planners realise Russia's largest metropolis needed a Bypass (road), bypass to redirect incoming traffic from major roads that run through the city. Opened in 1961, the MKAD had four lanes of asphalt running 108.9 kilometres along the city borders. Although not yet a freeway, it featured Interchange (road), interchanges at major Junction (road), junctions, very few traffic lights, and a speed limit of . For a long time the MKAD served as the administrative boundary of Moscow city, until in the 1980s Moscow started annexing territory outside the beltway. In December 2002 Bulvar Dmitriya Donskogo became the first Moscow Metro station that opened beyond the limits of MKAD. In 1995–1999, the road was widened from the initial four to ten lanes, while all Intersection (road), intersections became Grade separation, grade-separated, bridges were built to accommodate pedestrians, traffic lights were removed, and a solid concrete barrier was installed in the Central reservation, median. In 2001, all slow-moving vehicles were banned from entering the MKAD, and the renovated road received a freeway designation from the Mayor of Moscow, mayor's office.Route
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See also
Ring roads in Moscow: * Boulevard Ring * Garden Ring * Third Ring Road (Moscow), Third Ring Road * Central Ring Road (Russia), Central Ring Road Comparison to other ring roads encircling big cities: * Saint Petersburg Ring Road * MKAD (Minsk), Minsk Ring Road * Bundesautobahn 10, Berliner Ring in Berlin * M25 motorway, London Orbital motorway * Boulevard Périphérique and A86 autoroute, Paris super-périphérique in Paris * Grande Raccordo Anulare in Rome * Autopista de Circunvalación M-40 and M-50 (Spain) in Madrid * Anillo Periférico in Mexico City * I-495 (Capital Beltway), Washington, DC Beltway * Interstate 610 (Texas) and Texas State Highway Beltway 8 in Houston * Ring roads of Beijing * Central Circular Route (Shuto Expressway), Tokyo Central Circular Expressway, Tokyo Gaikan Expressway, Tokyo Outer Expressway, and four other regular roads, encircling Tokyo * List of roads in Metro Manila#Circumferential roads, Circumferential roads in and around Metro Manila, acting as beltways for the cities in the capital *Notes and references
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