Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 3 is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respo ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''MBD3''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba ...
.
Function
DNA methylation is the major modification of eukaryotic genomes and plays an essential role in mammalian development. Human proteins
MECP2
''MECP2'' (methyl CpG binding protein 2) is a gene that encodes the protein MECP2. MECP2 appears to be essential for the normal function of nerve cells. The protein seems to be particularly important for mature nerve cells, where it is present in ...
,
MBD1
Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MBD1'' gene. The protein encoded by MBD1 binds to methylated sequences in DNA, and thereby influences transcription. It binds to a variety of methylated sequence ...
,
MBD2
Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MBD2'' gene.
Function
DNA methylation is the major modification of eukaryotic genomes and plays an essential role in mammalian development. Human proteins MECP ...
, MBD3, and
MBD4
Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MBD4'' gene.
Structure
Human MBD4 protein has 580 amino acids with a methyl-CpG-binding domain at amino acids 82–147 and a C-terminal DNA glycosylase domain at ...
comprise a family of nuclear proteins related by the presence in each of a
methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD). However, unlike the other family members, MBD3 is not capable of binding to methylated DNA but instead binds to
hydroxymethylated DNA.
The predicted MBD3 protein shares 71% and 94% identity with MBD2 (isoform 1) and mouse Mbd3. MBD3 is a subunit of the
NuRD
In the field of molecular biology, the Mi-2/NuRD (Nucleosome Remodeling Deacetylase) complex, is a group of associated proteins with both ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling and histone deacetylase activities. , Mi-2/NuRD was the only known prot ...
, a multisubunit complex containing nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylase activities. MBD3 mediates the association of metastasis-associated protein 2 (MTA2) with the core histone deacetylase complex.
MBD3 also contains the
coiled‐coil domain common to all three MBD3 isoforms. The coiled‐coil domain, but not the MBD domain, helps to maintain pluripotency of embryonic stem cells via the recruitment of
polycomb repressive complex 2
Polycomb-group proteins (PcG proteins) are a family of protein complexes first discovered in fruit flies that can remodel chromatin such that epigenetic silencing of genes takes place. Polycomb-group proteins are well known for silencing Hox gene ...
to a subset of genes linked to development and organogenesis, thus establishing stable transcriptional repression.
Interactions
MBD3 has been shown to
interact
Advocates for Informed Choice, dba interACT or interACT Advocates for Intersex Youth, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization using innovative strategies to advocate for the legal and human rights of children with intersex traits. The organizati ...
with:
*
AURKA
Aurora kinase A also known as serine/threonine-protein kinase 6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''AURKA'' gene.
Aurora A is a member of a family of mitotic serine/threonine kinases. It is implicated with important processes during m ...
,
*
GATAD2B
Transcriptional repressor p66-beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''GATAD2B'' gene.
Interactions
GATAD2B has been shown to interact with Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2, MBD3, RBBP7
Histone-binding protein RBBP7 is a protein ...
,
*
HDAC1
Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''HDAC1'' gene.
Function
Histone acetylation and deacetylation, catalyzed by multisubunit complexes, play a key role in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. T ...
,
* MTA2
MTA may refer to:
Organizations Transportation
* Metropolitan Transportation Authority, the public transport agency in the metropolitan area of New York City, United States
* Metropolitan Transit Authority (disambiguation), which may refer to seve ...
,[ and
* ]MBD2
Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MBD2'' gene.
Function
DNA methylation is the major modification of eukaryotic genomes and plays an essential role in mammalian development. Human proteins MECP ...
.
References
Further reading
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{{refend
Human proteins