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The MAN steel house was a
The MAN factory in
Highlights – Mittelrhein.
(PDF; 2,7 MB) MAN built a sample estate, which once housed the senior staff, close to the Cramer-Klett-settlement of Gustavsburg, which had been built in the style of a garden city in the first quarter of the 20th century. Two different models were presented there, to export them on a large scale worldwide. The model home complex showed the basic type with a base of . Production was however discontinued after production of 230 houses in 1953.
The wall elements were pre-fabricated at the MAN factory and then bolted to a steel frame construction which was erected on-site on top of a brick foundation and a thermal insulation layer of fiberglass mats was located between the outer steel sheets and hardboard inside, with an insulation value similar to that of a thick brick wall according to historic advertising brochures. The outside of the steel walls were painted with a solvent-based lacquer as a means of corrosion protection.
The architectural design resembled conventional stone buildings: The perforated facade with a gable roof and mullioned windows with shutters were "quite plain, but cosy and with all objectivity something for the German mind" as required in the specification by the architect Hans Schneider on behalf of MAN in 1949. The basic type could be ordered according to the catalogue with different roof pitches. The inner walls could be built individually, since the roof was supported by the outer walls. The version with the steeper roof provided space for a habitable attic.Ulrich von Mengden
Main-Spitze of 22 December 2011. There were four different floor plans: , , , and . The individual modules of the steel houses were assembled on site. The rectangular outer wall panels were made of thick steel plate with a size of and were placed next to each other. The interior walls were made of hardboard or plywood panels, which were insulated by glass wool mats from the outer steel sheets. The roof structure was formed from standardized trusses in length. The floor was well insulated with glass wool mats and consisted of tongue and groove planks that were mounted on the modular steel frame construction.Nina Schoel
''Praxisarbeit 4: Mobile und modulare Bauten.''
The windows were provided with counterweights and retractable fly screens and could be lowered down into the wall opening as in a railway carriage. A factory built steel wall, which included the water and waste water pipes, was installed between the kitchen and bathroom with the particularity that the bathtub of the narrow bathroom protruded through the wall to save space in the cabinet of the sink. Closets were used to build the remaining interior walls. The quality of the MAN steel houses proved to be excellent in comparison to the competition of that time. Due to the good thermal insulation, the hot-dip galvanized components and the heat treated paints, there were very little corrosion and condensation problems.
In Germany, about 40 MAN steel houses remain, whose outer walls need to be occasionally sandblasted because of corrosion and repainted.
In Ginsheim-Gustavsburg is an historically significant ensemble with ten listed, still inhabited MAN steel houses, including two semi-detached houses on Robert-Koch-Straße 17, 19, 21 and 23, Nürnberger Straße 20 and 22, as well as Müngstener Straße 4, 6, 8 and 10. The two smallest have a floor area of each, the others are bigger. All may, according to a concept of heritage authority in accordance with the Hessian Monument Protection Act, be provided with modern extensions. The historical architecture and contemporary architecture have to be made visible in contrast to each other. The ten houses are part of the Industrial Culture Route Rhein-Main Mainspitze .
Four houses are preserved in Augsburg-Oberhausen in Sebastianstrasse 29d, e, f and i close to the MAN factory site. Another MAN steel house is located in Bergen-Leitershofen, on Bergstraße 9. A MAN steel house from 1948 was translocated in 2011 from the Wendelstein-Nerreth near Nuremberg to the Franconian Open Air Museum of Bad Windsheim.
In Düsseldorf-Rath, two MAN steel houses from 1951 and 1952 still exist on Eitelstraße 68 and Reichswaldallee 31. Another one is still in Düsseldorf-Kaiserwerth.Sanierung Stahlhaus in Düsseldorf-Kaiserswerth.
/ref> In the Mainz upper town were originally four MAN steel houses, of which three remain at Goldgrube 33, 35 and 43 (as of 2013). A MAN Steel house with a low roof remains in Cologne-Muengersdorf, on Liebermannstraße 12. Another house is located in Oppenheim, on Friedrich-Ebert-Straße 75.
File:MAN-Stahlhaus-Gustavsburg-Müngstener-IMG 6292.jpg, Gustavsburg, Müngstener Straße 4
File:MAN-Stahlhaus Gustavsburg Müngstener Straße 6.JPG, Gustavsburg, Müngstener Straße 6
File:MAN-Stahlhaus Gustavsburg Müngstener Straße 8.JPG, Gustavsburg, Müngstener Straße 8
File:MAN-Stahlhaus Gustavsburg Müngstener Straße 10.JPG, Gustavsburg, Müngstener Straße 10
File:MAN-Stahlhaus Gustavsburg Nürnberger Straße 20 und 22.JPG, Gustavsburg, Nürnberger Straße 20 and 22 (semidetached houses)
File:MAN-Stahlhaus-Gustavsburg-Nürnberger-IMG 6279.jpg, Gustavsburg, Nürnberger Straße 22 (semidetached house)
File:MAN-Stahlhaus Gustavsburg Robert-Koch-Straße 17.JPG, Gustavsburg, Robert-Koch-Straße 17
File:MAN-Stahlhaus-Gustavsburg-RKS-x.jpg, Gustavsburg, Robert-Koch-Straße 19
File:MAN-Stahlhaus Gustavsburg Robert-Koch-Straße 21.JPG, Gustavsburg, Robert-Koch-Straße 21
File:MAN-Stahlhaus-Gustavsburg-RKS-23-2.jpg, Gustavsburg, Robert-Koch-Straße 23
File:Augsburg Sebastianstr 29e.jpg, Augsburg, Sebastianstraße 29 e
File:Augsburg Sebastianstr 29f.jpg, Augsburg, Sebastianstraße 29 f
File:Augsburg Sebastianstr 29i.jpg, Augsburg, Sebastianstraße 29 i
File:MAN-Stahlhaus in Stadtbergen.jpg, Stadtbergen-Leitershofen, Bergstraße 9
File:MAN-Stahlhaus-Mainz-Oberstadt-33.jpg, Mainz, An der Goldgrube 33
File:MAN-Stahlhaus-Mainz-Oberstadt-35.jpg, Mainz, An der Goldgrube 35
File:MAN-Stahlhaus-Mainz-Oberstadt-43.jpg, Mainz, An der Goldgrube 43
File:MAN-Stahlhaus-Mainz-Oberstadt-Garage-43.jpg, Mainz, An der Goldgrube 43
File:MAN-Stahlhaus-Oppenheim.jpg, Oppenheim, Friedrich-Ebert-Straße 75
File:140_Wohnhaus_MAN_Stahlhaus,_Hildegundisallee_41_(Büderich).jpg, Meerbusch-Büderich, Hildegundisallee 41
The MAN steel house was a pre-fabricated building
A prefabricated building, informally a prefab, is a building that is manufactured and constructed using prefabrication. It consists of factory-made components or units that are transported and assembled on-site to form the complete building.
Hist ...
by MAN
A man is an adult male human. Prior to adulthood, a male human is referred to as a boy (a male child or adolescent). Like most other male mammals, a man's genome usually inherits an X chromosome from the mother and a Y chromos ...
(Machine Works Augsburg
Augsburg (; bar , Augschburg , links=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swabian_German , label=Swabian German, , ) is a city in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany, around west of Bavarian capital Munich. It is a university town and regional seat of the ' ...
-Nürnberg
Nuremberg ( ; german: link=no, Nürnberg ; in the local East Franconian dialect: ''Nämberch'' ) is the second-largest city of the German state of Bavaria after its capital Munich, and its 518,370 (2019) inhabitants make it the 14th-largest ci ...
). A total of 230 units were built worldwide from 1948 to 1953.
History
The MAN factory in Ginsheim-Gustavsburg
The double city of Ginsheim-Gustavsburg in the northwest of the Groß-Gerau district in the German state of Hesse, has about 16,000 inhabitants. It is part of what is called the Rhine-Main region in Germany which has the city of Frankfurt am Main a ...
, looking for new non-military markets after World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
built from 1948 prefabricated steel houses, based on a concept from the 1920s. The concept was developed in the headquarters in Augsburg based on an idea of the engineer Heinz Bauer and was commercially produced in Mainz-Gustavsburg.Enrico SantifallerHighlights – Mittelrhein.
(PDF; 2,7 MB) MAN built a sample estate, which once housed the senior staff, close to the Cramer-Klett-settlement of Gustavsburg, which had been built in the style of a garden city in the first quarter of the 20th century. Two different models were presented there, to export them on a large scale worldwide. The model home complex showed the basic type with a base of . Production was however discontinued after production of 230 houses in 1953.
Design
The wall elements were pre-fabricated at the MAN factory and then bolted to a steel frame construction which was erected on-site on top of a brick foundation and a thermal insulation layer of fiberglass mats was located between the outer steel sheets and hardboard inside, with an insulation value similar to that of a thick brick wall according to historic advertising brochures. The outside of the steel walls were painted with a solvent-based lacquer as a means of corrosion protection.
The architectural design resembled conventional stone buildings: The perforated facade with a gable roof and mullioned windows with shutters were "quite plain, but cosy and with all objectivity something for the German mind" as required in the specification by the architect Hans Schneider on behalf of MAN in 1949. The basic type could be ordered according to the catalogue with different roof pitches. The inner walls could be built individually, since the roof was supported by the outer walls. The version with the steeper roof provided space for a habitable attic.Ulrich von MengdenMain-Spitze of 22 December 2011. There were four different floor plans: , , , and . The individual modules of the steel houses were assembled on site. The rectangular outer wall panels were made of thick steel plate with a size of and were placed next to each other. The interior walls were made of hardboard or plywood panels, which were insulated by glass wool mats from the outer steel sheets. The roof structure was formed from standardized trusses in length. The floor was well insulated with glass wool mats and consisted of tongue and groove planks that were mounted on the modular steel frame construction.Nina Schoel
''Praxisarbeit 4: Mobile und modulare Bauten.''
The windows were provided with counterweights and retractable fly screens and could be lowered down into the wall opening as in a railway carriage. A factory built steel wall, which included the water and waste water pipes, was installed between the kitchen and bathroom with the particularity that the bathtub of the narrow bathroom protruded through the wall to save space in the cabinet of the sink. Closets were used to build the remaining interior walls. The quality of the MAN steel houses proved to be excellent in comparison to the competition of that time. Due to the good thermal insulation, the hot-dip galvanized components and the heat treated paints, there were very little corrosion and condensation problems.
Cost
A home with simple equipment then cost 18,800 DM, which was relatively expensive compared to other prefabricated houses that have already been offered from 3,500 DM. Including special fittings such as kitchen, bathroom equipment and hot water central heating a MAN steel houses cost 30,000 DM, which today would correspond to about 70,000Euro
The euro ( symbol: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of 19 out of the member states of the European Union (EU). This group of states is known as the eurozone or, officially, the euro area, and includes about 340 million citizens . ...
s.
Remaining buildings
In Germany, about 40 MAN steel houses remain, whose outer walls need to be occasionally sandblasted because of corrosion and repainted.
In Ginsheim-Gustavsburg is an historically significant ensemble with ten listed, still inhabited MAN steel houses, including two semi-detached houses on Robert-Koch-Straße 17, 19, 21 and 23, Nürnberger Straße 20 and 22, as well as Müngstener Straße 4, 6, 8 and 10. The two smallest have a floor area of each, the others are bigger. All may, according to a concept of heritage authority in accordance with the Hessian Monument Protection Act, be provided with modern extensions. The historical architecture and contemporary architecture have to be made visible in contrast to each other. The ten houses are part of the Industrial Culture Route Rhein-Main Mainspitze .
Four houses are preserved in Augsburg-Oberhausen in Sebastianstrasse 29d, e, f and i close to the MAN factory site. Another MAN steel house is located in Bergen-Leitershofen, on Bergstraße 9. A MAN steel house from 1948 was translocated in 2011 from the Wendelstein-Nerreth near Nuremberg to the Franconian Open Air Museum of Bad Windsheim.
In Düsseldorf-Rath, two MAN steel houses from 1951 and 1952 still exist on Eitelstraße 68 and Reichswaldallee 31. Another one is still in Düsseldorf-Kaiserwerth./ref> In the Mainz upper town were originally four MAN steel houses, of which three remain at Goldgrube 33, 35 and 43 (as of 2013). A MAN Steel house with a low roof remains in Cologne-Muengersdorf, on Liebermannstraße 12. Another house is located in Oppenheim, on Friedrich-Ebert-Straße 75.
See also
*Portacabin
A portable, demountable or transportable building is a building designed and built to be movable rather than permanently located.
Smaller version of portable buildings are also known as portable cabins. Portable cabins are prefabricated structu ...
*modular building
A modular building is a prefabricated building that consists of repeated sections called modules. Modularity involves constructing sections away from the building site, then delivering them to the intended site. Installation of the prefabricated ...
*prefabricated building
A prefabricated building, informally a prefab, is a building that is manufactured and constructed using prefabrication. It consists of factory-made components or units that are transported and assembled on-site to form the complete building.
Hist ...
*portable classroom
A portable classroom (also known as a demountable or relocatable classroom, portables, bungalows), is a type of portable building installed at a school to temporarily and quickly provide additional classroom space where there is a shortage of ...
*Construction trailer
Construction trailers are mobile structures (trailers) used to accommodate temporary offices, dining facilities and storage of building materials during construction projects.
Hook-ups
Typically, trailers need to be equipped with telephone lines ...
*Quonset hut
A Quonset hut is a lightweight prefabricated structure of corrugated galvanized steel having a semi cylindrical cross-section. The design was developed in the United States, based on the Nissen hut introduced by the British during World War I ...
References
External links
* *{{Commons category-inline, Portable buildings Portable buildings and shelters