{{Unreferenced, date=June 2019, bot=noref (GreenC bot) When the Viking chieftain

Rollo Rollo ( nrf, Rou, ''Rolloun''; non, Hrólfr; french: Rollon; died between 928 and 933) was a Viking who became the first ruler of Normandy, today a region in northern France. He emerged as the outstanding warrior among the Norsemen who had se ...

obtained via the

Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte The treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte (911) is the foundational document of the Duchy of Normandy, establishing Rollo, a Norse warlord and Viking leader, as the first Duke of Normandy in exchange for his loyalty to the king of West Francia, followin ...

the territories which would later make up

Normandy Normandy (; french: link=no, Normandie ; nrf, Normaundie, Nouormandie ; from Old French , plural of ''Normant'', originally from the word for "northman" in several Scandinavian languages) is a geographical and cultural region in Northwestern ...

, he distributed them as estates among his main supporters. Among these lands were the

seigneurie In English law, seignory or seigniory, spelled ''signiory'' in Early Modern English (; french: seigneur, lit=lord; la, senior, lit=elder), is the lordship (authority) remaining to a grantor after the grant of an estate in fee simple. ''Nulle terre ...

of Harcourt, near

Brionne Brionne () is a commune in the Eure department. Brionne is in the region of Normandy of northern France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of oversea ...

, and the county of

Pont-Audemer Pont-Audemer () is a commune in the Eure department in the Normandy region in northern France.Bernard the Dane Bernard the Dane is described by the tenth century ecclesiastical writer Dudo of Saint-Quentin as a 'warrior' of Rouen from 'Dacia', an ally and confidant of the first leaders of Normandy, political counsellor to Rollo's son William Longsword, and ...

, ancestor of the lords (''seigneurs'') of Harcourt. The first to use Harcourt as a name, however, was Anquetil d'Harcourt at the start of the 11th century.

Lords of Harcourt

House of Harcourt The House of Harcourt is a Norman family, and named after its seigneurie of Harcourt in Normandy. Its mottos were "Gesta verbis praeveniant" (Olonde branch), "Gesta verbis praevenient" (Beuvron branch), and "Le bon temps viendra ... de France" ...

* c.911–c.950 :

Bernard the Dane Bernard the Dane is described by the tenth century ecclesiastical writer Dudo of Saint-Quentin as a 'warrior' of Rouen from 'Dacia', an ally and confidant of the first leaders of Normandy, political counsellor to Rollo's son William Longsword, and ...

governor A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...

and

regent A regent (from Latin : ruling, governing) is a person appointed to govern a state '' pro tempore'' (Latin: 'for the time being') because the monarch is a minor, absent, incapacitated or unable to discharge the powers and duties of the monarchy ...

of the

duchy of Normandy The Duchy of Normandy grew out of the 911 Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between King Charles III of West Francia and the Viking leader Rollo. The duchy was named for its inhabitants, the Normans. From 1066 until 1204, as a result of the Norman c ...

in 943 *: married Sprote, princess of

Bourgogne Burgundy (; french: link=no, Bourgogne ) is a historical territory and former administrative region and province of east-central France. The province was once home to the Dukes of Burgundy from the early 11th until the late 15th century. The c ...

* c.950–c.960 :

Torf le Riche Torf, Seigneur de Torville, was a Norman baron. His parentage is unknown. Born in the early 10th century, he possessed numerous lordships in Normandy, including Seigneur de Torville, Torcy, Torny, Torly, and de Ponteautorf. Torf's children inclu ...

, baron de Tourville, son of Bernard *: married Ertemberge de

Bricquebec Bricquebec () is a former commune in the Manche department in Normandy in northwestern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Bricquebec-en-Cotentin.Turquetil *: married Anceline de Montfort-sur-Risle * c.1020 – aft. 1066 : Anquetil d'Harcourt, son of Turquetil *: married Ève de Boissey * aft. 1066 – aft. 1078 :

Errand d'Harcourt Errand may refer to: * Errand boy * Errand runner * ''Errands'', a 1997 novel by Judith Guest Judith Guest (born March 29, 1936) is an American novelist and screenwriter. She was born in Detroit, Michigan and is the great-niece of Poet Laurea ...

, son of Anquetil *:married Emme d'Estouteville * aft. 1078 – aft. 1100 : Robert I of Harcourt, Brother of Errand *:married Colette d'Argouges. * aft. 1100 – aft. 1124 : William of Harcourt, son of Robert I *:married Hue d'Amboise. * aft. 1124–1212 :

Robert II of Harcourt The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, honou ...

, seigneur d'Elbeuf, son of William *:married Jeanne de Meulan in 1179 * 1212–1239 :

Richard, Baron of Harcourt Richard of Harcourt (died before 1242) was Baron of Harcourt, Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte and Auvers, Lord of Elbeuf, Bourgtheroulde-Infreville, La Saussaye, Brionne, Beaumont-le-Roger, Angeville, and Saint-Nicolas-du-Bosc, and others. Biography Ri ...

(d. 1239), son of Robert II *:married Jeanne de la Roche-Tesson, heiress of the Viscount of Saint-Sauveur, in 1213 * 1239–1288 :

John I of Harcourt John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second ...

(1199–1288), son of Richard *:married Alix de Beaumont * 1288–1302 :

John II of Harcourt John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second ...

(1240–1302),

marshal Marshal is a term used in several official titles in various branches of society. As marshals became trusted members of the courts of Medieval Europe, the title grew in reputation. During the last few centuries, it has been used for elevated o ...

and

admiral Admiral is one of the highest ranks in some navies. In the Commonwealth nations and the United States, a "full" admiral is equivalent to a "full" general in the army or the air force, and is above vice admiral and below admiral of the fleet, ...

of France, son of John I *:married first Agnès de Lorraine, daughter of

Frederick III, Duke of Lorraine Frederick III () (1240 – 31 December 1302) was the Duke of Lorraine from 1251 to his death. He was the only son and successor of Matthias II and Catherine of Limburg. He was not yet thirteen years of age when his father died, so his mother a ...

*:married second Jeanne de Châtellerault * 1302–1329 :

John III of Harcourt John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second ...

(d. 1329), son of John II and Jeanne de Châtellerault *:married Alix de Reginar, daughter of

Godfrey of Brabant Godfrey of Brabant (died July 11, 1302 in Kortrijk), was Lord of Aarschot, between 1284 and his death in 1302, and Lord of Vierzon, between 1277 and 1302. Biography Godfrey was the third son of Henry III, Duke of Brabant and Adelaide of Burgun ...

Counts of Harcourt

The barony of Harcourt was erected into the county of Harcourt, together with the seigneuries of

Lillebonne Lillebonne () is a commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy region in Northern France. It lies north of the Seine and east of Le Havre. In 2019, it had a population of 8,797. History Before the Roman conquest of Gaul, Iuliobona ...

, Troispierres,

La Saussaye La Saussaye () is a commune in the Eure department in Normandy in northern France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territorie ...

and

Elbeuf Elbeuf () is a commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy region in northern France. Geography A light industrial town situated by the banks of the Seine some south of Rouen at the junction of the D7, D321 and the D313 roads. The c ...

, by

letters patent Letters patent ( la, litterae patentes) ( always in the plural) are a type of legal instrument in the form of a published written order issued by a monarch, president or other head of state, generally granting an office, right, monopoly, titl ...

of Philip VI in March 1338.

House of Harcourt

* 1329–1346 : John IV (d. 1346), Count of Harcourt in 1338, son of John III *:married Isabeau de Parthenay, dame de Vibraye, de Montfort-le-Rotrou, d'Aspremont and de Bonnétable * 1346–1356 :

John V John V may refer to: * Patriarch John V of Alexandria or John the Merciful (died by 620), Patriarch of Alexandria from 606 to 616 * John V of Constantinople, Patriarch from 669 to 675 * Pope John V (685–686), Pope from 685 to his death in 686 * J ...

(d. 5 April 1356,

Rouen Rouen (, ; or ) is a city on the River Seine in northern France. It is the prefecture of the Regions of France, region of Normandy (administrative region), Normandy and the Departments of France, department of Seine-Maritime. Formerly one of ...

), son of John IV *:married

Blanche de Ponthieu Blanche may refer to: People * Blanche (singer), stage name of Belgian singer and songwriter Ellie Delvaux *Blanche (given name) * Blanche (surname) Places Australia *Blanche Harbor (South Australia), a bay on the east coast of Eyre Peninsula ** ...

Countess of Aumale The County of Aumale, later elevated to a duchy, was a medieval fief in Normandy. It was disputed between England and France during parts of the Hundred Years' War. Aumale in Norman nobility Aumale was a medieval fief in the Duchy of Normandy an ...

, sister of Joan of Ponthieu, Dame of Epernon * 1355–1389 : John VI (1342–1389), son of John V *:married Catherine de Bourbon (d. 1427), daughter of

Peter I, Duke of Bourbon Peter I of Bourbon (Pierre Ier, Duc de Bourbon in French; 1311 – 19 September 1356) was the second Duke of Bourbon, from 1342 to his death. Peter was son of Louis I of Bourbon, whom he also succeeded as Grand Chamberlain of France, and Ma ...

, in 1359 * 1389–1452 : John VII (1370–1452), son of John VI *:married Marie d'Alençon (1373–1417), daughter of

Pierre II, Count of Alençon Pierre is a masculine given name. It is a French form of the name Peter. Pierre originally meant "rock" or "stone" in French (derived from the Greek word πέτρος (''petros'') meaning "stone, rock", via Latin "petra"). It is a translation ...

, in 1390 His only son, John VIII, was killed in battle in 1424. Upon the death of John VII in 1452, his inheritance was to be divided between his elder daughter,

Marie Marie may refer to: People Name * Marie (given name) * Marie (Japanese given name) * Marie (murder victim), girl who was killed in Florida after being pushed in front of a moving vehicle in 1973 * Marie (died 1759), an enslaved Cree person in Tro ...

, wife of

Antoine, Count of Vaudémont Antoine of Vaudémont ( – 22 March 1458) was Count of Vaudémont and Sieur de Joinville from 1418 to 1458. By marriage, he was also Count of Harcourt, Count of Aumale, and Baron of Elbeuf from 1452 to 1458. Life His uncle Charles II, Duke o ...

, and his second daughter, Jeanne, wife of

Jean III de Rieux Jean may refer to: People * Jean (female given name) * Jean (male given name) * Jean (surname) Fictional characters * Jean Grey, a Marvel Comics character * Jean Valjean, fictional character in novel ''Les Misérables'' and its adaptations * J ...

. However, Marie and her son

John of Vaudémont John of Lorraine-Vaudémont (died 1473) was a younger son of Antoine of Lorraine, Count of Vaudémont and Marie of Harcourt. He was Count of Harcourt and Count of Aumale, as well as Baron of Elbeuf. His mother was the eldest daughter of John VII ...

were able to control the entire inheritance until 1454, when the de Rieux gained control of the County of

Aumale Aumale (), formerly known as Albemarle," is a commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy region in north-western France. It lies on the River Bresle. History The town's Latin name was ''Alba Marla''. It was raised by William th ...

. However, litigation continued between the de Rieux and the Vaudémont-Lorraine through the late 15th century.

House of Vaudémont-Lorraine

* 1454–1476 :

Marie, Countess of Harcourt Marie of Harcourt (9 September 1398 – 19 April 1476) was a ruling Countess of Aumale and Baroness of Elbeuf from 1452 to 1476. Life She was the eldest daughter of John VII of Harcourt, Count of Harcourt and Aumale and Baron of Elbeuf, and of Ma ...

, daughter of John VII, with: *: her husband

1454–1458 *: her son

1458–1473 *: her grandson

René II, Duke of Lorraine René II (2 May 1451 – 10 December 1508) was Count of Vaudémont from 1470, Duke of Lorraine from 1473, and Duke of Bar from 1483 to 1508. He claimed the crown of the Kingdom of Naples and the County of Provence as the Duke of Calabria 1480& ...

1473–1476 * 1476–1495 :

House of Rieux A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air condi ...

The de Rieux continued to maintain their claims on Harcourt. Jeanne (1399–1456), the daughter of John VII, had married

(1377–1431) in 1414. She was succeeded by her son François de Rieux (1418–1458), who married Jeanne de Rohan in 1442 and was succeeded by his son

Jean IV de Rieux Jean IV de Rieux (June 27, 1447 – February 9, 1518), was a Breton noble and Marshal. He was the son of Jean III de Rieux and Béatrice de Rohan-Montauban (1385–1414). He ruled Brittany as regent of Anne of Brittany. He is best known for bei ...

. He reached a settlement with the Duke of Lorraine in 1495, trading Aumale for Harcourt, and resumed the title. * 1495–1518 :

(1447–1518), son of François *:married Isabelle de Brosse (died 1527), daughter of John VI, Count of Penthièvre * 1518–1532 : Claude de Rieux (1497–1532), son of Jean IV *:married Suzanne de Bourbon-Montpensier (died 1570), daughter of Louis de Bourbon, Prince de La Roche-sur-Yon and Louise de Montpensier * 1532–1557 : Henri de Rieux (died 1557), son of Claude, died without issue Upon the death of Henri, the county of Harcourt passed to his sister Louise, who had married René, Marquis of Elbeuf, head of a cadet branch of the House of Lorraine.

House of Lorraine The House of Lorraine (german: link=no, Haus Lothringen) originated as a cadet branch of the House of Metz. It inherited the Duchy of Lorraine in 1473 after the death without a male heir of Nicholas I, Duke of Lorraine. By the marriage of Fran ...

* 1557–1570 : Louise de Rieux (1531–1570), sister of Henri *:married René, Marquis of Elbeuf (1536–1566) in 1555 *1566–1605 :

Charles I, Duke of Elbeuf Charles de Lorraine (Joinville, 18 October 1556 – Moulins, 4 August 1605) was a French duke and nobleman. He was marquis of Elbeuf from 1566 to 1582, then duke of Elbeuf from 1582 to 1605 and count of Harcourt from 1566 to 1582, lord of Rieux, ...

(1556–1605), son of René *:married Marguerite de Chabot (1565–1652) in 1583 * 1605–1666 :

Henri, Count of Harcourt Henri de Lorraine (20 March 1601 – 25 July 1666, Royaumont Abbey), known as ''Cadet la Perle'', was a French nobleman. He was count of Harcourt, count of Armagnac, count of Brionne and viscount of Marsan. He was the younger son of Charles I, ...

(1601–1666), younger son of Charles I * 1666–1694 :

François Louis, Count of Harcourt François Louis de Lorraine (1623 – 27 June 1694) was a member of the House of Lorraine. He was Count of Harcourt. He was also the Count of Rieux, Rochefort and Montlaur. He was also Marquis of Maubec as well as the Baron of Aubenas. Biography ...

, (1627–1694), nephew of Henri, son of

Charles II, Duke of Elbeuf Charles II, Duke of Elbeuf (5 November 1596 – 5 November 1657), was a French nobleman, the son of Charles I, Duke of Elbeuf, by his wife, Marguerite de Chabot. He succeeded his father in the Elbeuf dukedom (Elbœuf is an alternate, anglicized s ...

*: married Anne d'Ornano (died 1695) in 1645 * 1694–1718 :

Alphonse Henri, Count of Harcourt Alphonse Henri de Lorraine (Alphonse Henri Charles; 14 August 1648 – 19 October 1718) was a member of the House of Lorraine and Count of Harcourt. Biography Born to François Louis, Count of Harcourt and his wife, Anne d'Ornano, he was the cou ...

(1648–1718), styled the prince d'Harcourt, son of François Louis *:married Marie Françoise de Brancas (died 1715) in 1667 * 1719–1739 :

Joseph, Count of Harcourt Joseph de Lorraine (Anne Marie Joseph; 30 April 1679 – 29 April 1739) was a member of the House of Lorraine and Count of Harcourt. He was styled ''prince de Guise'' before becoming Count of Harcourt. Biography Born to Alphonse Henri, Count of ...

(1679–1739), styled the prince d'Harcourt, son of Alphonse *:married Marie Louise Chrétienne Jeannin de Castille (1680–1736) in 1705 * 1739–1747 : Louis Marie Léopold de Lorraine (1720–1747), styled the prince d'Harcourt, son of Joseph

Modern titles

"Harcourt" has been given as a title to descendants of cadet branches of the family of Harcourt, without a territorial connection to the medieval county. Both branches descend from Philippe d'Harcourt (1353–1403), Lord of

Bonnétable Bonnétable () is a commune in the Sarthe department in the region of Pays de la Loire, northwestern France. Bonnétable is twinned with Horncastle in rural Lincolnshire. The towns' relationship is commemorated by a ''Rue Horncastle'' in Bonné ...

, son of

John V of Harcourt John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second E ...

Dukes of Harcourt

The title of ''duc d'Harcourt'' was granted in 1700 by

Louis XIV , house = Bourbon , father = Louis XIII , mother = Anne of Austria , birth_date = , birth_place = Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France , death_date = , death_place = Palace of Vers ...

Henry d'Harcourt Henry d'Harcourt (2 April 1654 – 19 October 1718) was a French noble, first Duke of Harcourt, Marshal of France, and extraordinary ambassador to Madrid. Life As son of François III d'Harcourt, marquis of Beuvron and Thary-Harcourt, he was a ...

(1654–1718),

marshal of France Marshal of France (french: Maréchal de France, plural ') is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements. The title has been awarded since 1185, though briefly abolished (1 ...

, of the branch of Beuvron, upon the erection of the marquisate de La Mothe and de Thury to a duchy, with the name of Harcourt. The title was made a peerage in 1709, by

. * 1700–1718 :

(1654–1718), duc d'Harcourt, marshal of France *:married Marie Anne Claude de Brulart de Genlis (1669–1750) in 1687 * 1700–1750 :

François François () is a French masculine given name and surname, equivalent to the English name Francis. People with the given name * Francis I of France, King of France (), known as "the Father and Restorer of Letters" * Francis II of France, Kin ...

(1689–1750), duc d'Harcourt, marshal of France, son of Henry *:married Marguerite Sophie Louise de Neufville (1699–1716) in 1716, then in 1717 Marie Madeleine Le Tellier (1697–1735) * 1750–1783 :

Anne Pierre d'Harcourt Anne Pierre d'Harcourt was a French nobleman, notable as a duke of Harcourt and the fourth marshal of France from the House of Harcourt. He was the son of Henry d'Harcourt and great grandson of Abraham de Fabert, both marshals of France. He m ...

(1701–1783), duc d'Harcourt, marshal of France, brother of François *:married Eulalie de Beaupoil de Sainte-Aulaire (1715–1738) in 1725 * 1783–1802 : François-Henri d'Harcourt (1726–1802), duc d'Harcourt, son of Anne *:married Françoise Cathérine d'Aubusson de la Feuillade (1733–1815) in 1752 * 1802–1839 : Marie François (1755–1839), duc d'Harcourt, nephew of François-Henri *:married Madeleine Jacqueline Le Veneur de Tillières (died 1825) in 1780 * 1839–1840 : Alphonse Aymar François (1785–1840), duc d'Harcourt, son of Marie * 1840–1846 : François Eugène Gabriel (1786–1865), duc d'Harcourt, brother of Alphonse *:married Aglaé Terray (1788–1867) in 1807 * Henri Marie Nicolas (1808–1846), marquis d'Harcourt, son of François (predeceased his father) *:married Slanie de Choiseul-Praslin (1807–1843) in 1829 * 1846–1895 : Charles François Marie (1835–1895), duc d'Harcourt, son of Henri *:married Marie (1843–1916), comtesse de Mercy-Argenteau, in 1862 * 1895–1908 : Henri Eugène François Marie (1864–1908), duc d'Harcourt, son of Charles *:married Marie de la Rochefoucauld (1871–1952) in 1892 * 1908–1997 : Charles Jean Marie (1902–1997), duc d'Harcourt, son of Henri *:married Antoinette Gérard (1909–1958) in 1927, then in 1961 Maria Teresa de Zayas (born 1930) * 1997-2020 : François Henri (1928-2020), duc d'Harcourt, son of Charles *:married Isabelle Roubeau (1961-) * 2020-present : Geoffroy (1952-), duc d'Harcourt, cousin of François *:married Hélène de Nicolay (1962-)