Longhai District () is a

District A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or county, counties, several municipality, municipa ...

Zhangzhou Zhangzhou (), alternately romanized as Changchow, is a prefecture-level city in Fujian Province, China. The prefecture around the city proper comprises the southeast corner of the province, facing the Taiwan Strait and surrounding the prefect ...

, in the south of

Fujian Fujian (; alternately romanized as Fukien or Hokkien) is a province on the southeastern coast of China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its cap ...

province, China. Longhai spans an area of , and, as of 2016, it has a population of approximately 736,400.

History

Following the revocation of the sea ban (''haijin'') in the late

Ming The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last orthodox dynasty of China ruled by the Han peop ...

Yuegang Yuegang () was a seaport situated at the estuary of the Jiulong River near Zhangzhou in Fujian, China. Known as a smuggling hub since the early Ming dynasty, Yuegang rose to prominence in the 16th century as the Ming government cracked down on oth ...

(within present-day Haicheng in Longhai) became a key port for China's silver trade with

Manila Manila ( , ; fil, Maynila, ), officially the City of Manila ( fil, Lungsod ng Maynila, ), is the capital of the Philippines, and its second-most populous city. It is highly urbanized and, as of 2019, was the world's most densely populate ...

in the

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Can ...

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

. It was one of Fujian's four main commercial ports. It was formed from the merger of the former Longxi (Lungki) () and Haicheng () counties on August 15, 1960.

Geography

Longhai located along the lower banks of the

Jiulong River The Jiulong River, formerly known as the Longjiang or Zhangjiang, is the largest rivers of China, river in southern Fujian and the second largest in the province. It has a length of and a basin of . Like all Fujianese rivers Ting River, but ...

, with mountainous terrain in its western, southern, and northern portions, and the Xiamen Bay to its east. The city's highest point is Mount Dajian () in , which reaches in elevation. The city's lowest point is Jiujiejiao () on Wuyu Island () in

Gangwei Gangwei () is a town in Longhai City, in Zhangzhou, Fujian, China (PRC). History In the Second Taiwan Strait Crisis in 1958, Daomei () in Gangwei was one of the areas from which PLA forces shelled Kinmen County (Quemoy), Republic of China (Taiw ...

, which lies below sea level. Longhai has three major river basins.

Climate

Administration

Longhai's main urban area comprises . The city's executive, legislature and

judiciary The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law ...

are located there, along with the CPC and PSB branches. Longhai administers 12

towns A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares an ori ...

, 1

township A township is a kind of human settlement or administrative subdivision, with its meaning varying in different countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, that tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, C ...

, 1

ethnic township The asterisk ( ), from Late Latin , from Ancient Greek , ''asteriskos'', "little star", is a typographical symbol. It is so called because it resembles a conventional image of a heraldic star. Computer scientists and mathematicians often voc ...

, 3 township-level farms, 2 township-level tree farms, and 1 development zones.

Towns

Longhai's 12 towns are , Haicheng,

Jiaomei Jiaomei () is a Town in the portion of Longhai City north of the Jiulong River, in the municipal region of Zhangzhou, Fujian. Presidential ties Democracy icon Corazon Aquino and her son, Benigno S. Aquino III (the tenth and fifteenth Presidents ...

, Baishui, , ,

, , , , , and .

Townships

Longhai's sole township is .

Ethnic townships

Longhai's sole ethnic township is .

Township-level farms

Longhai's 3 township-level farms are Shuangdi Overseas Chinese Farm (), Chengxi Farm (), and Longhai Seed Farm ().

Township-level tree farms

Longhai's 2 township-level tree farms are Jiulongling Tree Farm () and Linxia Tree Farm ().

Development zones

Longhai's sole development zone is the . Strictly speaking, the zone stands within the territory of one or another of the city-administered towns, townships, etc. listed above.

Demographics

As of 2016, the city has a population of 736,400, of which, 241,000 (32.7%) live in urban areas. 50.55% of the population is reported as males, and 49.45% as females. 20.05% of the population is under the age of 18, 25.50% are from ages 18 to 35, 37.70% are from ages 35–60, and 16.75% are over 60 years in age.

Economy

As of 2016, the city's

gross domestic product Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and sold (not resold) in a specific time period by countries. Due to its complex and subjective nature this measure is oft ...

totaled ¥45.768 billion, and the city's economy grew 9.3% from the previous year. The mean annual disposable income of the city's urban residents totaled ¥31,621 that same year, and totaled ¥16,101 for rural residents. Companies with a presence in Longhai include

Maxxis Cheng Shin Rubber Industry Co. () is a Taiwanese and the ninth largest tire company in the world. Established in 1967, in Yuanlin City, Changhua County, Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, a ...

, China National Offshore Oil Corporation,

King Long King Long United Automotive Industry Co., Ltd () or commonly known as King Long (, literally, ''Golden Dragon'') is a Chinese bus manufacturer headquartered in Xiamen, Fujian. Founded in December 1988, it is focused mainly on developing, manufa ...

, Fujian Zishan Group, Haixin Group, and China Greenfresh. Longhai has a number of mineral deposits, and is home to 147 mining areas. Major minerals mined in Longhai include

granite Granite () is a coarse-grained ( phaneritic) intrusive igneous rock composed mostly of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase. It forms from magma with a high content of silica and alkali metal oxides that slowly cools and solidifies under ...

tuff Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption. Following ejection and deposition, the ash is lithified into a solid rock. Rock that contains greater than 75% ash is considered tuff, while rock ...

peat Peat (), also known as turf (), is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetation or organic matter. It is unique to natural areas called peatlands, bogs, mires, moors, or muskegs. The peatland ecosystem covers and is the most efficient ...

feldspar Feldspars are a group of rock-forming aluminium tectosilicate minerals, also containing other cations such as sodium, calcium, potassium, or barium. The most common members of the feldspar group are the ''plagioclase'' (sodium-calcium) felds ...

, and

kaolin Kaolinite ( ) is a clay mineral, with the chemical composition Al2 Si2 O5( OH)4. It is an important industrial mineral. It is a layered silicate mineral, with one tetrahedral sheet of silica () linked through oxygen atoms to one octahedral ...

. Significant amounts of mineral water is also extracted in the city.

Transportation

Longhai's only railway station is

Zhangzhou Railway Station Zhangzhou railway station is the main train station of the Zhangzhou metropolitan area in China's Fujian Province. The station is located in Hongtang Village () of Longhai District, about 10 km south of downtown Zhangzhou.Lin Jun (林君)� ...

. The station is located in It is located near Hongtang Village (), in , but, as its name indicates, it is actually closer to Zhangzhou's main urban area than to Longhai's. It is the junction of two high-speed rail lines: the Longyan-Xiamen Railway (opened in June 2012) and the Xiamen-Shenzhen Railway (to open by 2013), which share their tracks from Zhangzhou to Xiamen. Railway development plans also include the construction of a 45-km-long branch line from Zhangzhou Railway Station eastward, across most of Longhai City to terminate at the in

on the southwestern shore of Xiamen Harbor, opposite

Xiamen Island Xiamen Island, alternately known as Amoy Island from its Hokkien pronunciation, is an island in southeastern Fujian, China, on the Taiwan Strait. It is administered by the People's Republic of China as the Huli and Siming urban districts of th ...

(). The branch will be known as Gangwei Railway (), and will support trains running at speeds up to 120 km/h. Its opening is planned for 2013. The Zhangzhou Port tariff-free industrial export zone, is located in

Notable people

* Corazon Aquino, the 11th

President of the Philippines The president of the Philippines ( fil, Pangulo ng Pilipinas, sometimes referred to as ''Presidente ng Pilipinas'') is the head of state, head of government and chief executive of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of t ...

, traced her ancestry to the village of Hongjianwei, within Longhai. *

Lien Chan Lien Chan (; born 27 August 1936) is a Taiwanese politician. He was the Chairman of the Taiwan Provincial Government from 1990 to 1993, Premier of the Republic of China from 1993 to 1997, Vice President of the Republic of China from 1996 to 20 ...

, a prominent Taiwanese politician, traces his ancestry to Longhai.

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Longhai, Fujian Cities in Fujian County-level divisions of Fujian Zhangzhou