Log bucking

A crew of log buckers with crosscut saws in 1914.
Bucker limbing dead branch stubs with a chainsaw, also known as knot bumping
Bucker making a bucking cut with a chainsaw

Bucking is the process of cutting a felled and delimbed tree into logs. Significant value can be lost by sub-optimal bucking because logs destined for plywood, lumber, and pulp each have their own value and specifications for length, diameter, and defects. Cutting from the top down is ''overbucking'' and from the bottom up is '' underbucking''.

In British English, the process is called logging-up or crosscutting.

Methods

A felled and delimbed tree is cut into logs of standard sizes, a process called ''bucking''. A logger who specialises in this job is a ''buck sawyer''.

Bucking may be done in a variety of ways depending on the logging operation. Trees that have been previously felled and moved to a landing with a log skidder are spread out for processing. While many of the limbs have broken off during transport, the remaining limbs and stubs must be trimmed. The bucker will anchor the end of an auto rewinding tape measure which is attached to his belt and walk down the log trimming as he goes. The tape is anchored gently with a bent horseshoe nail in the bark so it can be jerked loose when the measurement is completed. When a suitable place to buck the tree is located the cut is made.

Significant value may be lost by sub-optimal bucking. Local market conditions will determine the particular length of cut. It is common for log buyers to issue purchase orders for the length, diameter, grade, and species that they will accept. On the West Coast common cuts on a large Pine or Fir tree are three 32's and a 10. There are often different prices for different items.

The person bucking is generally called a ''bucksawyer'' or ''bucklogger'', or just a ''bucker'' and runs as many saws as he can, switching saws as soon as one is dull. The reason for this is the bucksawyer is typically paid per section of log he cuts. Generally buckloggers at smaller sawmills aren't fully mechanized. This part of the logging process is perhaps more dangerous than the felling of trees. The bucklogger is usually cutting from the edge of a treepile which can be 20 feet high and as long as there is room to dump them from the truck. Each tree must be picked out of the pile and cut so that a controlled fall of more trees can be worked as the former fall has been cut and skidded to its respective pile.

Terminology

The pieces of bucked logs may be known by several names. ''Bolts'' are the pieces of a log which has been bucked into specific lengths which are less than ,Chapman, Herman Haupt, and Walter Huber Meyer. ''Forest Mensuration'',. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1949. 13. Print. especially short lengths. The etymology of ''bolt'' is related to being short and stout and related to ''knock'', and ''strike'' possibly because bolts were traditionally split into wood shingles, treenails, clapboards, etc. These pieces may be more specifically known as peeler, shingle, stave or pulpwood bolts.Dunster, Julian A., and Katherine Jane Dunster. "BILLET", ''Dictionary of Natural Resource Management''. Vancouver, BC: UBC, 1996. 36. Print. ''Billet'' is variously defined as a short piece of round or partially round wood (usually a smaller diameter than a ''block'' or bolt) or as a piece split or cut from a bolt, or sometimes synonymous with ''bolt'', particularly when the pieces are intended as firewood, and sometimes means a piece of a billet after it has been split. ''Round'' is often associated with lengths of un-split firewood.

See also

*Chain saw
*Felling
*Hewing
* Limbing
*Logging

References

{{Lumberjack sports

Logging
Forestry occupations
Lumberjack sports