Lodeynoye Pole (russian: Лоде́йное По́ле, lit. ''the field of boats'') is a
town
A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world.
Origin and use
The word "town" shares an o ...
and the
administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located.
In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, Lu ...
of
Lodeynopolsky District in
Leningrad Oblast
Leningrad Oblast ( rus, Ленинградская область, Leningradskaya oblast’, lʲɪnʲɪnˈgratskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ, , ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It was established on 1 August 1927, although it was not until 1 ...
,
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-ei ...
, located on the left bank of the
Svir River
The Svir (, Veps: , Karelian/ Finnish: ) is a river in Podporozhsky, Lodeynopolsky, and Volkhovsky districts in the north-east of Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It flows westwards from Lake Onega to Lake Ladoga, thus connecting the two larges ...
(
Lake Ladoga
Lake Ladoga (; rus, Ла́дожское о́зеро, r=Ladozhskoye ozero, p=ˈladəʂskəjə ˈozʲɪrə or rus, Ла́дога, r=Ladoga, p=ˈladəɡə, fi, Laatokka arlier in Finnish ''Nevajärvi'' ; vep, Ladog, Ladoganjärv) is a fresh ...
's
basin) northeast of
St. Petersburg. Population: 21,400 (1972).
History
It was founded in 1702
on the spot of the village of Mokrishvitsa, where
Peter the Great
Peter I ( – ), most commonly known as Peter the Great,) or Pyotr Alekséyevich ( rus, Пётр Алексе́евич, p=ˈpʲɵtr ɐlʲɪˈksʲejɪvʲɪtɕ, , group=pron was a Russian monarch who ruled the Tsardom of Russia from t ...
had established the Olonets Shipyard. In 1703, the first ship of the
Baltic Fleet
, image = Great emblem of the Baltic fleet.svg
, image_size = 150
, caption = Baltic Fleet Great ensign
, dates = 18 May 1703 – present
, country =
, allegiance = (1703–1721) (1721–1917) (1917–1922) (1922–1991)(1991–present)
...
was built here—a 28-cannon
frigate
A frigate () is a type of warship. In different eras, the roles and capabilities of ships classified as frigates have varied somewhat.
The name frigate in the 17th to early 18th centuries was given to any full-rigged ship built for speed an ...
called ''Shtandart''. In 1704, six more frigates, four
shnyavas, four
galley
A galley is a type of ship that is propelled mainly by oars. The galley is characterized by its long, slender hull, shallow draft, and low freeboard (clearance between sea and gunwale). Virtually all types of galleys had sails that could be u ...
s, and twenty-four semi-galleys were constructed, which would form the first Russian squadron in the
Baltic Sea
The Baltic Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden and the North and Central European Plain.
The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from ...
. Over four hundred sailboats and rowboats were built throughout the shipyard's existence.
In the course of the
administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, Lodeynoye Pole was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known from 1710 as
Saint Petersburg Governorate
Saint Petersburg Governorate (russian: Санкт-Петербу́ргская губе́рния, ''Sankt-Peterburgskaya guberniya''), or Government of Saint Petersburg, was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Tsardom of Russia ...
). In 1727, it was transferred to the newly established
Novgorod Governorate
Novgorod Governorate (Pre-reformed rus, Новгоро́дская губе́рнія, r=Novgorodskaya guberniya, p=ˈnofɡərətskəjə ɡʊˈbʲernʲɪjə, t=Government of Novgorod), was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Ru ...
, and in 1776, it was further transferred into newly established
Olonets Oblast.
In 1781, Olonets Oblast was transferred to St. Petersburg Governorate, and in 1784, it was transformed into an independent administrative unit,
Olonets Viceroyalty.
In 1785, Lodeynoye Pole was granted an
uyezd town status.
In 1799, Olonets Viceroyalty was abolished and divided between Novgorod and Arkhangelsk Governorates.
Lodeynopolsky Uyezd was merged into
Olonetsky Uyezd.
In 1801,
Olonets Governorate
The Olonets Governorate or Government of Olonets was a '' guberniya'' (governorate) of north-western Imperial Russia, extending from Lake Ladoga almost to the White Sea, bounded west by Finland, north and east by Arkhangelsk and Vologda, and sout ...
was established, and in 1802, Lodeynopolsky Uyezd was restored.
In 1922, Olonets Governorate was abolished and Lodeynopolsky Uyezd was transferred to Petrograd Governorate (later Leningrad Oblast).
On August 1, 1927, the uyezds in Leningrad Oblast were abolished and Lodeynopolsky District, with the administrative center in Lodeynoye Pole, was established.
It was a part of
Lodeynoye Pole Okrug of Leningrad Oblast.
In 1931, the infamous Soviet concentration camp
Svirlag was established, with the headquarters in the former
Alexander-Svirsky Monastery, several kilometers from Lodeynoye Pole. Thousands of victims (to a great extent
Russian Orthodox
Russian Orthodoxy (russian: Русское православие) is the body of several churches within the larger communion of Eastern Orthodox Christianity, whose liturgy is or was traditionally conducted in Church Slavonic language. Most ...
clergy) lost there their lives. During
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
, Lodeynoye Pole was at the frontline but was not occupied by Finnish troops which kept the areas north of the Svir.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the
framework of administrative divisions, Lodeynoye Pole serves as the
administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located.
In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, Lu ...
of
Lodeynopolsky District.
[Oblast Law #32-oz] As an administrative division, it is, together with seven
rural localities, incorporated within Lodeynopolsky District as Lodeynopolskoye
Settlement Municipal Formation.
As a
municipal division, Lodeynopolskoye Settlement Municipal Formation is incorporated within Lodeynopolsky Municipal District as Lodeynopolskoye Urban Settlement.
[Law #63-oz]
Economy
Industry
There are timber and food industry enterprises.
Transportation
The railway connecting
St. Petersburg and
Murmansk passes Lodeynoye Pole.
The
M18 Highway, connecting St. Petersburg and
Murmansk, passes Lodeynoye Pole as well. A paved road branches off east in Lodeynoye Pole and continues to
Vytegra
Vytegra ( rus, Вы́тегра, p=ˈvɨtʲɪɡrə) is a town and the administrative center of Vytegorsky District in Vologda Oblast, Russia, located along the shores of the Vytegra River on Volga–Baltic Waterway, northwest of Vologda, the ...
in Vologda Oblast via
Podporozhye Podporozhye (russian: Подпоро́жье and russian: По́дпорожье) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.
;Urban localities
*Podporozhye, Leningrad Oblast, a town in Podporozhsky District of Leningrad Oblast; incorpo ...
. There are also local roads.
The
Volga–Baltic Waterway
The Volga–Baltic Waterway (Volgobalt, Волгобалт), formerly known as the Mariinsk Canal System (Russian: Мариинская водная система), is a series of canals and rivers in Russia which link the Volga with the Balti ...
, connecting the basins of the
Volga
The Volga (; russian: Во́лга, a=Ru-Волга.ogg, p=ˈvoɫɡə) is the longest river in Europe. Situated in Russia, it flows through Central Russia to Southern Russia and into the Caspian Sea. The Volga has a length of , and a catch ...
and the
Neva River
The Neva (russian: Нева́, ) is a river in northwestern Russia flowing from Lake Ladoga through the western part of Leningrad Oblast (historical region of Ingria) to the Neva Bay of the Gulf of Finland. Despite its modest length of , it ...
s, follows the
Svir River
The Svir (, Veps: , Karelian/ Finnish: ) is a river in Podporozhsky, Lodeynopolsky, and Volkhovsky districts in the north-east of Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It flows westwards from Lake Onega to Lake Ladoga, thus connecting the two larges ...
. There is regular cruise and cargo traffic along the waterway.
Military
The town was home to
Lodeynoye Pole air base, which hosted an
interceptor aircraft
An interceptor aircraft, or simply interceptor, is a type of fighter aircraft designed specifically for the defensive interception role against an attacking enemy aircraft, particularly bombers and reconnaissance aircraft. Aircraft that are ...
regiment during the
Cold War
The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
.
Culture and recreation
Lodeynoye Pole contains two cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally seventeen objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. Most of these are the monuments commemorating the events of
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
. The
Alexander-Svirsky Monastery, founded in the 15th century, is located in the village of
Staraya Sloboda several kilometers northwest of Lodeynoye Pole.
The Lodeynoye Pole District Museum is located in the town and is the only state museum in the district.
Twin towns and sister cities
Lodeynoye Pole is
twinned with:
*
Gildeskål,
Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of ...
References
Notes
Sources
*
*
{{Authority control
Cities and towns in Leningrad Oblast
Former subdivisions of Leningrad Oblast
Lodeynopolsky Uyezd
Populated places established in 1702
1702 establishments in Russia