Landschaftsschutzgebiet Lochholz Stamm-mit-Efeu

Lochholz is a landscape conservation area in

Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the States of Germany, German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the List of cities in Germany by popu ...

. The area, in the district

Allach-Untermenzing Allach-Untermenzing (Central Bavarian: ''Allach-Untamenzing'') is the 23rd borough of Munich, Bavaria, Germany. Allach Situated in extreme northwest of the city, the borough consists of the municipalities of Allach and Untermenzing. Allach was ...

, covers 7,13

hectare The hectare (; SI symbol: ha) is a non-SI metric unit of area equal to a square with 100-metre sides (1 hm2), or 10,000 m2, and is primarily used in the measurement of land. There are 100 hectares in one square kilometre. An acre is a ...

s and was declared a landscape conservation area in 1964. The

oak An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus ''Quercus'' (; Latin "oak tree") of the beech family, Fagaceae. There are approximately 500 extant species of oaks. The common name "oak" also appears in the names of species in related genera, notably ''L ...

and

hornbeam Hornbeams are hardwood trees in the flowering plant genus ''Carpinus'' in the birch family Betulaceae. The 30–40 species occur across much of the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Origin of names The common English name ''hornbeam' ...

forest is a remnant of the former ''Lohwaldgürtel'' north of Munich. Lochholz is part of the ''KulturGeschichtsPfad Allach-Untermenzing'' (Munich culture-history path Allach-Untermenzing).

History

Lochholz was a part of the Allach

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...

as a

community forest Community forestry is an evolving branch of forestry whereby the local community plays a significant role in forest management and land use decision making by themselves in the facilitating support of government as well as change agents. It involv ...

. Like all oak and hornbeam forests, the Lochholz was once economically important.

Oak bark Tanbark is the bark of certain species of trees, traditionally used for tanning hides into leather. The words "tannin", "tanning", "tan," and " tawny" are derived from the Medieval Latin ''tannare'', "to convert into leather." Bark mills are ...

, the so-called ''Lohe'' (tan), was used for the tanning of skins, and from which the name Lo(c)hholz derives. Wood was used for building and as firewood, leaves as litter for the cattle shed. In the course of agricultural reforms of the 18th century, the communal forest was divided. The inhabitants of Allach could now acquire portions of the Lochholz; even today, part of the forest is privately owned. The municipalities own share of 6.67 day work, according to another source 6.02 day work, passed in 1938 with the incorporation of Allachs in the possession of the city of Munich. From the mid-1930s, the Allacher colonization moved into the forest and it was partially built upon. During the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

bunker A bunker is a defensive military fortification designed to protect people and valued materials from falling bombs, artillery, or other attacks. Bunkers are almost always underground, in contrast to blockhouses which are mostly above ground. ...

s and barracks were built in the forest. Displaced persons lived in the barracks after the war. The barracks were demolished and the bunkers filled, but are still recognizable as hills. In 1964, the area was declared a landscape conservation area. In the sense of ecological forestry, forestry intervention is not permitted.

Protection reasoning

The forest is particularly worthy of protection as: * Retreat area for many birds and rare plants * Recreation area and adventure world especially for children, including the surrounding

kindergarten Kindergarten is a preschool educational approach based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school. Such institutions were originally made in the late 18th cent ...

s * Connecting element between ''Allacher Forst'' and ''Aubinger Lohe'' * Groundwater storage and

air filter A particulate air filter is a device composed of fibrous, or porous materials which removes solid particulates such as dust, pollen, mold, and bacteria from the air. Filters containing an adsorbent or catalyst such as charcoal (carbon) may als ...

s for the environment * Testimony of the district history

References

External links

{{Commonscat, 3=S
Eintrag zum Lochholz (ID 395562)
auf der

World Conservation Monitoring Centre The UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) is a collaboration centre of UN Environment Programme, based in Cambridge in the United Kingdom. UNEP-WCMC has been part of UN Environment Programme since 2000, and has r ...

Protected landscapes in Germany Tourist attractions in Munich Culture in Munich