List of wettest tropical cyclones by country

This is a list of wettest tropical cyclones by country, using all known available sources. Data is most complete for Australia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Japan, Hong Kong, Mexico, Taiwan, Micronesia's Yap and Chuuk, and the United States, with fragmentary data available for other countries. The French region of Réunion holds several world records for tropical cyclone and worldwide rainfall, due to the rough topography and its location in the Indian Ocean.

Below are the records for each country above.

Antigua and Barbuda

Australia

Christmas Island

Christmas Island is an Australian territory located in the Indian Ocean located at the summit of a submarine mountain, which rises steeply to a central plateau that is dominated by stands of rainforest. After rainfall and wind observations started on the island during 1972, only 13 tropical cyclones passed within of the territory between 1972 and 2005.

Cocos Islands

The Cocos (Keeling) Islands are an Australian territory of 27 coral islands that are formed into two large coral atolls and cover an area of around of the Indian Ocean to the northwest of Perth, Australia. Rainfall observations started on the islands during 1907, while temperature, wind and other records started in 1952. Between 1952 and 2005 27 tropical cyclones caused storm force wind gusts of over on the islands, while only four caused hurricane-force gusts of over .

Bahamas

Bangladesh

Bangladesh has been the scene of the greatest tropical cyclone casualties in recent times. The country is quite flat and generally lies near sea level.

Belize

This country has terrain mainly across its southern sections, with elevations up to about . The highest reported rainfall in what was formerly British Honduras occurred during Hurricane Keith in 2000 when of rain fell in a 24‑hour period at Phillip Goodson International Airport in Belize City. Equally heavy rains could have fallen during Hurricane Hattie of 1961 and Hurricane Fifi of 1974.

Cambodia

Canada

Tropical cyclones are usually in transition to extratropical cyclones by the time they reach Atlantic Canada, though occasionally they retain their tropical status. No tropical cyclone has ever hit Canada's Pacific coast.

China

China is a mountainous country, which leads to rapid dissipation of cyclones that move inland as well as significant amounts of rain from those dissipating cyclones. Typhoon Nina (1975) caused the collapse of two huge reservoirs and ten smaller dams when fell in Henan during a 24‑hour period, which is the record for Mainland China. Typhoon Sam of the 1999 Pacific typhoon season became the wettest known tropical cyclone to impact Hong Kong since records began in 1884, breaking a 73‑year‑old record. Precipitation associated with tropical cyclones and their remains can bring snow to Tibet. An early October 2004 tropical depression brought daily precipitation of of liquid equivalent precipitation to Che-Ku county in the form of heavy snow, which was a new October daily precipitation record for both rain and snow. This led to a loss of 340,000 kg of food, 230,000 kg of forage grass, and 263 livestock in the snowstorm.

Mainland

Hong Kong

Costa Rica

Cuba

Hurricane Flora of October 1963 drifted across Cuba for four days, leading to extreme rainfall across the mountainous island country. During the heaviest 24‑hour period of rainfall, of rain fell at Santiago de Cuba. Total amounts of over 4 days and over 5 days produced staggering loss of life in Cuba, where over 2000 perished.

Dominica

The islands of the eastern Caribbean are constantly threatened by tropical storms and hurricanes, mainly between August and October. Dominica is a rugged island, with spots of elevation as high as nearly . As Hurricane Jeanne moved through the region, of rain fell during the 24‑hour period ending on the morning of September 15, 2004.

Dominican Republic

The Dominican Republic, has some of the highest terrain surrounding the Caribbean Sea, with Pico Duarte peaking at above sea level. Most of the tropical cyclone rainfall totals on the list below are 24‑hour maxima, which likely underrepresent the storm total.

El Salvador

Fiji

Orography from the volcanic islands of Fiji has led to significant rainfall during tropical cyclone passages, which occur roughly once a year.

France

French Polynesia

Guadeloupe

Hurricane Marilyn moved directly across the island in mid-September 1995, bringing the highest known rainfall totals to the island from a tropical cyclone.

Martinique

Martinique is a mountainous island at the fringe of the eastern Caribbean Sea.

New Caledonia

Réunion Island

The mountainous island of Réunion has experienced several of the highest rainfall totals on record from tropical cyclones and holds the rainfall world records for 12, 24, 48, 72 hours, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine and ten days as a result. The 12 and 24 hourly rainfall records were set at Foc-Foc by Cyclone Denise in 1966, while an Unnamed Tropical Cyclone between April 8–10, 1958 set the record for 48 hours at Aurere. Tropical Cyclone Gamede between February 24–28, 2007 came close to beating the records for 12, 24 and 48 hours before setting the records for three, four, five, six, seven, eight and nine days that were held by Tropical Cyclone Hyacinthe 1980. Hyacinthe 1980 currently holds the world records for ten and fifteen days with rainfall totals of and respectively recorded at Commerson Crater.

Saint Martin

Wallis and Futuna

Guatemala

Tropical Storm Agatha in May 2010 became the second-wettest tropical cyclone in the nation's history when it slowly developed while remaining nearly stationary to the southwest of Guatemala, before turning northeast and dissipating across inland Central America.

Haiti

Haiti that makes up three-eighths of Hispaniola, is a mountainous country that has experienced some of the most powerful hurricanes on record, including Hurricane David. Its three mountain ranges have peaks as high as 8793 feet/2680 meters above sea level.

Honduras

Swan Island

India

India can be struck by cyclones that form in the Bay of Bengal or the Arabian Sea.

These are the most destructive hurricane.

Indonesia

The precursor tropical disturbance of Tropical Cyclone Inigo in April 2003 dropped heavy rainfall in eastern Indonesia. The rainfall caused flash flooding and mudslides, primarily in Flores but also on West Timor and Sumba. In some locations, the depth of the floodwaters reached . The Oessao River in West Timor exceeded its banks, which flooded seven villages. In Kupang in West Timor, the system destroyed hundreds of homes and large fields of corn, bean, and rice crop. Heavy damage was reported near Ende, where flooding and mudslides destroyed 20 houses and destroyed the roads connecting to East Flores. The city airport was flooded with one meter (3 ft) of water, preventing aerial transportation and which left the city temporarily isolated. In East Flores Regency in eastern Flores Island, the system left 75 destroyed houses, along with 77 severely damaged and a further 56 receiving light damage.

Iran

Jamaica

This mountainous island country of Jamaica can get lashed with rainfall by slow-moving tropical cyclones in the western Caribbean Sea. Its interior, the Blue Mountains, reach a height of above sea level.

Japan

The mountainous island archipelago is constantly struck by typhoons recurving out of the tropics, which are normally in extratropical transition as they pass through Japan. Typhoon Namtheun of the 2004 Pacific typhoon season holds the national 24-hour precipitation record with observed in Kisawa village, surpassing the previous record of set during Typhoon Fran in 1976.

Okinawa

Ryukyu Islands

Typhoon Rusa caused of rain to fall at Naze on August 29–30, 2002. Typhoon Aere dropped of rain in the 65‑hour period ending at 1400 UTC on August 25, 2004, at Ishigakihima. Typhoon Agnes in August 1957 dropped of rainfall on Marcus Island. In 1972, Typhoon Rita dumped on Okinoerabu Shima.

Johnston Atoll

Tropical cyclones occasionally threaten this central Pacific island. Hurricane Celeste of 1972 brought to the isle around August 19.

Korea

The Korean Peninsula experiences typhoons regularly. Tropical cyclones which impact southern China also lead to, on average, five heavy rainfall events per year across the Korean peninsula.

North Korea

Very heavy rains fell across Tongchon and Kosong counties during Typhoon Rusa in 2002, where up to of precipitation fell in a 5- to 10-hour period.

South Korea

Madagascar

The north end of the island, known as the Tsaratanana Massif region, contains terrain with elevations up to 9417 feet/2880 meters.

Malaysia

Mauritius

Marshall Islands

Mexico

Hurricane Wilma of 2005 drifted over the northeast portion of the Yucatán peninsula for a couple of days, dropping significant rains. A report of was reported by the Servicio Meteorológico Nacional in Mexico, which is the wettest known 24-hour rainfall amount ever measured in Mexico. Second on the list is from Tropical Storm Frances in 1998, which accumulated up to of rain at Independencia in southern Chiapas. Below is a list of the highest known storm total rainfall amounts from individual tropical cyclones across Mexico. Most of the rainfall information was provided by the Mexico's National Weather Service, Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, which is a part of the National Water Commission, '' Comisión Nacional del Agua''.

Federated States of Micronesia

Chuuk

Elevations of the islands surrounding Chuuk lagoon reach a height of about . Typhoon Chataan led to excessive rainfall on this island from June 23 – July 3, 2002, when a total of fell. During the time frame when Chataan was declared a tropical cyclone from July 1–3, fell, with falling on the 2nd alone at the international airport.

Kosrae

Pohnpei State

The state is mountainous island lies in the tropical northwest Pacific Ocean.
Pohnpei State

Yap State

The wettest known tropical cyclone for the state was Ruby in 1982, which drifted in the island's vicinity for several days during its initial development phase.

Mozambique

The elevation of the country increases to the west, with mountains on its highest plateau reaching nearly .

Myanmar

Nepal

Some of the highest elevations on the planet lie in Nepal. Eight out of fourteen highest peaks in the world lie in the Nepalese Himalaya including the highest peak of the World, Mt. Everest (8848 m). During a tropical depression that affected the Indian Subcontinent in 2004, of rain fell at Kathmandu airport in the 24‑hour period ending at 1200 UTC on October 7.

Netherlands Antilles

Saba

St. Eustatius

Saint Martin/Sint Maarten

This hilly island is partially owned by France and partially claimed by the Netherlands.

New Zealand

Most tropical cyclones which pass near New Zealand are in extratropical transition (ET) or have become extratropical, which can enhance their heavy rainfall threat.

Nicaragua

Niue

During the passage of Tropical Cyclone Heta in January 2004, the Niue Meteorological Station reported a record 24-hour rainfall of .

Oman

Pakistan

Tropical cyclones for the Arabian Sea usually affect Pakistan. Tropical cyclones from the Bay of Bengal can affect Pakistan, though they usually weaken by the time they reach the Pakistani coastline.

Palau

Palau consists of a string of islands that is rugged and surrounds a lagoon. Elevations up to exist within the island group.

Panama

Inflow to the south of Hurricane Mitch brought impressive rainfalls to the Panama. Veledero de Tole recorded of rainfall between October 22 and 31, 1998.

Philippines

This Philippines island archipelago is fairly mountainous, with the highest terrain found in Luzon.

Samoa

Singapore

Typhoon Vamei of December 20, 2001 was the only known storm to ever hit the island state. It dropped of rainfall.

Solomon Islands

South Africa

Tropical Cyclone Eline in February 2000 dropped significant rains on portions of South Africa. The highest amount noted was at Thohoyandou.

Spain

The only tropical cyclone to reach mainland Europe was 2005's Hurricane Vince. It dropped of rain on the plain near Cordoba.

Sri Lanka

A tropical depression in early October 2004 led to heavy rains across Sri Lanka. The maximum was measured at Galle where fell in the 24‑hour period ending at 0600 UTC on the 2nd.

St. Brandon, South Indian Ocean

Tropical Cyclone Darius of New Year's Eve/Day of 2003/2004 passed about west-northwest of the island. Rainfall over the 24‑hour period of closest approach was .

St. Kitts and Nevis

Taiwan

The mountainous island of Taiwan experiences an average of 1.8 tropical cyclone landfalls each year. Due to its rugged topography, Taiwan sees extreme rains from tropical cyclones, particularly in its central mountain range.

Thailand

Tropical cyclones occasionally cross the Malay Peninsula from the northwest Pacific into the Bay of Bengal.

Tonga

United Kingdom

Mainland

Anguilla

Bermuda

Bermuda has not historically received overwhelming rains out of tropical cyclones. This could be because of the rapid pace storms usually pass the island and the lack of mountains on the island.

Cayman Islands

United States

Vanuatu

Venezuela

A few tropical cyclones have skimmed the northern coast of South America over recent decades. Tropical Storm Bret (1993) dropped of rain in ten hours at Guanare, Portuguesa, Venezuela.

Vietnam

See also

* China tropical cyclone rainfall climatology
* Extratropical cyclone
* List of wettest tropical cyclones
* List of wettest tropical cyclones in the United States
* Mexico tropical cyclone rainfall climatology
* Tropical cyclone
* Tropical cyclone rainfall climatology
* Tropical cyclone rainfall forecasting
* Tropical cyclogenesis
* United States tropical cyclone rainfall climatology

References

External links

Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Data from the United States Weather Prediction Centre







Maximum 24-hour rainfall totals on Guam 1924–1992
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Tropical cyclone meteorology
Wettest country
Wettest
Weather extremes of Earth