This is a list of treaties of the Confederate States of America. The

Confederate States of America The Confederate States of America (CSA), commonly referred to as the Confederate States or the Confederacy was an unrecognized breakaway republic in the Southern United States that existed from February 8, 1861, to May 9, 1865. The Confeder ...

(CSA) was not officially recognized as a sovereign state by any foreign nation. Thus, the CSA did not enter into any bilateral or multilateral

treaties A treaty is a formal, legally binding written agreement between actors in international law. It is usually made by and between sovereign states, but can include international organizations, individuals, business entities, and other legal pers ...

with other states. However, in 1861, the CSA authorized

Albert Pike Albert Pike (December 29, 1809April 2, 1891) was an American author, poet, orator, editor, lawyer, jurist and Confederate general who served as an associate justice of the Arkansas Supreme Court in exile from 1864 to 1865. He had previously se ...

—the CSA "Commissioner to all the Indian Tribes West of Arkansas and South of Kansas"—to negotiate and conclude treaties with native Indian tribes resident in

Indian Territory The Indian Territory and the Indian Territories are terms that generally described an evolving land area set aside by the United States Government for the relocation of Native Americans who held aboriginal title to their land as a sovereign ...

. Pike concluded nine treaties with Indian tribes between July and October 1861. Each of the nine treaties were ratified by the CSA Congress prior to the end of the year.

References

*Henry Putney Beers, ''The Confederacy: A Guide to the Archives of the Confederate States of America'' (Washington DC:

National Archives and Records Administration The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an " independent federal agency of the United States government within the executive branch", charged with the preservation and documentation of government and historical records. It ...

, 1968). *Kenny A. Franks, "An Analysis of the Confederate Treaties with the Five Civilized Tribes," '' The Chronicles of Oklahoma'' 50(4):458 (1972).

External links

"As long as grass shall grow and water run: The treaties formed by the Confederate States of America and the tribes in Indian Territory, 1861"
University of Nebraska—Lincoln {{DEFAULTSORT:Confederate Treaties *

1861 treaties Indian Territory in the American Civil War

Treaties A treaty is a formal, legally binding written agreement between actors in international law. It is usually made by and between sovereign states, but can include international organizations, individuals, business entities, and other legal pers ...

1861 in the United States Confederate treaties Confederate treaties