List of sultans of the Maldives

Maldives was turned into a Sultanate in 1153 when the Buddhist King Dhovemi converted to Islam. Prior to that the Maldives was a Buddhist Kingdom, a Hindu Kingdom and before that a matriarchal society with each atoll ruled by a chief queen according to some accounts or by others, several theocratic societies ruled by priests known as ''Sawamias'' of heliolatric, selenolatric and astrolatric religions. All the rulers before King Koimala only ruled over parts of the Maldives or Deeva Maari (and Dheeva Mahal) as it was known then. Koimala was the first king to rule over all the islands of the Maldives as we know today and the island of Maliku.

The formal title of the Sultan up to 1965 was, ''Sultan of Land and Sea, Lord of the twelve-thousand islands and Sultan of the Maldives'' which came with the style '' Highness''. After independence in 1965 the Sultan assumed the title King with the style Majesty. This style was used until 1968, when the Maldives became a republic for the second time. The main official Royal residence of the Sultan was the ''Etherekoilu'', a palace in Malé.

The reigns of Sultans are from three sources. Taarikh by Maldivian chronicler Hasan Taj Al-Din written in Arabic which covers 670 years of Maldives history, the loamaafaanu copper plates and the third source called Raadhavalhi which was written in 1757 using both Dhives Akuru and Thaana.

Kingdom of Adeetta Vansa to Theemuge dynasty

Solar dynasty (Aditta Vansa)

Lunar dynasty (Soma Vansa)

# Theemuge Dynasty Timeline
# All measures are in pixels

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PlotArea = left:0 right:0 bottom:70 top:200
AlignBars = justify

DateFormat = yyyy
Period = from:1115 till:1395
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1117

# there is no automatic collision detection,
# so shift texts up or down manually to avoid overlap

Define $dx = 0 # shift text to right side of bar

PlotData=
bar:Theemuge color:dullyellow width:25 mark:(line,black) align:center fontsize:S

from:1117 till:1141 shift:($dx,55) text:King~Mahaabarana~Adeettiya~(Koimala)
from:1141 till:1166 shift:($dx,55) text:King~Dhovemi~Dharumavantha_Rasgefaanu color:kelleygreen
from:1166 till:1185 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultan~Muthey
from:1185 till:1193 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultan~Ali_I
from:1193 till:1199 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultan~Dhinei
from:1199 till:1214 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultan~Dhihei
from:1214 till:1233 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultan~Wadi
from:1233 till:1258 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultan~Valla~Dio
from:1258 till:1264 shift:($dx,85) text:Sultan~Hudhei
from:1264 till:1266 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultan~Aima
from:1266 till:1268 shift:($dx,85) text:Sultan~Hali_I
from:1268 till:1269 shift:($dx,120) text:Sultan~Keimi
from:1269 till:1278 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultan~Audha
from:1278 till:1288 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultan~Hali_II
from:1288 till:1294 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultan~Yoosuf_I
from:1294 till:1302 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultan~Salis
from:1302 till:1307 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultan~Davud
from:1307 till:1341 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultan~Omar_I
from:1341 till:1347 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultan~Ahmed~Shihabuddine
from:1347 till:1363 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultana~Khadijah color:magenta
from:1363 till:1364 shift:($dx,95) text:Sultan~Mohamed~el-Jameel
from:1364 till:1374 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultana~Khadijah color:magenta
from:1374 till:1376 shift:($dx,120) text:Sultan~Abdullah_I
from:1376 till:1380 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultana~Khadijah color:magenta
from:1380 till:1380 shift:($dx,85) text:Sultana~Raadhafathi
from:1380 till:1385 shift:($dx,135) text:Sultan~Mohamed_I
from:1385 till:1388 shift:($dx,45) text:Sultana~Dhaain
from:1388 till:1388 shift:($dx,155) text:Sultan~Abdullah_II
from:1388 till:1388 shift:($dx,185) text:Sultan~Osman_I

Lunar or Homa or Theemuge Dynasty (1117-1388, 271 years)

Hilaalee dynasty (1388-1632, 244 years)

# Hilalee Dynasty Timeline
# All measures are in pixels

ImageSize = width:1600 height:300
PlotArea = left:0 right:0 bottom:70 top:200
AlignBars = justify

DateFormat = yyyy
Period = from:1386 till:1636
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1388

# there is no automatic collision detection,
# so shift texts up or down manually to avoid overlap

Define $dx = 0 # shift text to right side of bar

PlotData=
bar:Leaders color:dullyellow width:25 mark:(line,black) align:center fontsize:S

from:1388 till:1398 shift:($dx,30) text:Sultan~Hassan-I
from:1398 till:1398 shift:($dx,50) text:Sultan~Ibrahim-I
from:1398 till:1409 shift:($dx,70) text:Sultan~Hussain-I
from:1409 till:1411 shift:($dx,90) text:Sultan~Nasiruddine
from:1411 till:1411 shift:($dx,120) text:Sultan~Hassan-II
from:1411 till:1411 shift:($dx,150) text:Sultan~Isa
from:1411 till:1421 shift:($dx,30) text:Sultan~Ibrahim-I
from:1421 till:1421 shift:($dx,60) text:Sultan~Osman-II
from:1421 till:1421 shift:($dx,100) text:Sultan~Danna-Mohamed
from:1421 till:1443 shift:($dx,30) text:Sultan~Yoosuf-II
from:1443 till:1443 shift:($dx,30) text:Sultan~Aboobakuru-I
from:1443 till:1467 shift:($dx,30) text:Sultan~Hasan-III
from:1467 till:1467 shift:($dx,85) text:Sultan~Sayyid Mohamed
from:1467 till:1468 shift:($dx,30) text:Sultan~Hasan-III
from:1468 till:1480 shift:($dx,125) text:Sultan~Mohamed-II
from:1480 till:1480 shift:($dx,30) text:Sultan~Hassan-IV
from:1480 till:1484 shift:($dx,85) text:Sultan~Omar-II
from:1484 till:1485 shift:($dx,115) text:Sultan~Hassan-V
from:1485 till:1491 shift:($dx,135) text:Sultan~Hassan-IV
from:1491 till:1492 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultan~Hassan-VI
from:1492 till:1492 shift:($dx,85) text:Sultan~Ibrahim-II
from:1492 till:1492 shift:($dx,30) text:Sultan~Kalu-Mohamed color:orange
from:1492 till:1493 shift:($dx,115) text:Sultan~Yoosuf-III
from:1493 till:1495 shift:($dx,150) text:Sultan~Ali-II
from:1495 till:1510 shift:($dx,40) text:Sultan~Kalu-Mohamed color:orange
from:1510 till:1511 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultan~Hassan-VII
from:1511 till:1513 shift:($dx,100) text:Sultan~Sharif-Ahmed
from:1513 till:1513 shift:($dx,125) text:Sultan~Ali-III
from:1513 till:1529 shift:($dx,30) text:Sultan~Kalu-Mohamed color:orange
from:1529 till:1549 shift:($dx,30) text:Sultan~Hassan-VIII color:redorange
from:1549 till:1551 shift:($dx,85) text:Sultan~Mohamed-III
from:1551 till:1552 shift:($dx,120) text:Sultan~Hassan-IX
from:1552 till:1554 shift:($dx,30) text:Interregnum
from:1554 till:1557 shift:($dx,55) text:Sultan~Aboobakuru-II
from:1557 till:1558 shift:($dx,85) text:Sultan~Ali-VI
from:1558 till:1573 shift:($dx,30) text:King~Dom-Manoel color:tan2
from:1573 till:1573 shift:($dx,55) text:Interregnum color:tan2
from:1573 till:1583 shift:($dx,30) text:King~Dom-Manoel color:tan2
from:1583 till:1603 shift:($dx,30) text:King~Dom-João color:tan2
from:1603 till:1635 shift:($dx,30) text:King~Dom-Philippe color:tan2

Utheemu dynasty (1632-1692, lasted 60 years)

Hamawi dynasty ( Lasted less than 1 year )

Dhevvadhoo dynasty (1692-1701, lasted 9 years)

Isdhoo dynasty (1701-1704, lasted 3 years)

Dhiyamigili dynasty (1704-1759, lasted 55 years)

Sultan ''in absentia'' until the return of Dhiyamigili heir Giyath al-Din

Return of Giyath al-Din

Huraa dynasty (1774-1968, lasted 194 years)

See also

*History of the Maldives
*Kingdom of Dheeva Maari
*List of head of state of the Maldives
* President of the Maldives

Notes

* Regnal names are in ancient Maldive language. The names are followed with "Maha Radun" for Kings are "Maha Rehendi" for Queens.
* Sometimes there were no coronation ceremony and for those they were called "Keerithi Maha Radun" for kings and "Keerithi Maha Rehendi" for queens.

External links

*The full text of the ''Tarikh'' chronicles:
Volume one - Arabic text ''(Warning: 127 MB)''Volume two - Notes, indices and additions part 1Volume two - Notes, indices and additions part 2Volume two - Notes, indices and additions part 3

References

Official website of the Maldives Royal Family
*Allama Ahmed Shihabuddine (original work in Arabic, translated to Dhivehi by Dhoondeyri Don Maniku), Kitab fi Athaari Meedoo el-Qadimiyyeh. Male'

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