List Of Endangered Fishes

As of September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 643 endangered fish species. 4.2% of all evaluated fish species are listed as endangered.
The IUCN also lists ten fish subspecies as endangered.

Of the subpopulations of fishes evaluated by the IUCN, 24 species subpopulations have been assessed as endangered.

For a species to be considered endangered by the IUCN it must meet certain quantitative criteria which are designed to classify taxa facing "a very high risk of extinction". An even higher risk is faced by ''critically endangered'' species, which meet the quantitative criteria for endangered species. Critically endangered fishes are listed separately. There are 1098 fish species which are endangered or critically endangered.

Additionally 3191 fish species (21% of those evaluated) are listed as ''data deficient'', meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN. While the category of ''data deficient'' indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed."

This is a complete list of endangered fish species and subspecies evaluated by the IUCN. Species and subspecies which have endangered subpopulations (or stocks) are indicated.

Cartilaginous fishes

Chondrichthyes includes sharks, rays, skates, and saw-fish. There are 124 cartilaginous fishes classified as endangered by the IUCN.

Prickly sharks

* Bramble shark ''(Echinorhinus brucus)''

Carpet sharks

* Whale shark ''(Rhincodon typus)''
* Pacific nurseshark ''(Ginglymostoma unami)''
* Zebra shark ''(Stegostoma tigrinum)''
* Hasselt's bambooshark ''(Chiloscyllium hasselti)''

Ground sharks

* Bonnethead ''(Sphyrna tiburo)''
* Winghead shark ''(Eusphyrna blochii)''
* Happy Eddie ''(Haploblepharus edwardsii)''
* Honeycomb Izak ''(Holohalaelurus favus)''
* African spotted catshark ''(Holohalaelurus punctuatus)''
* Blackspotted catshark ''(Halaelurus buergeri)''
* Grey reef shark ''(Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos)''
* Caribbean reef shark ''(Carcharhinus perezi)''
* Dusky shark ''(Carcharhinus obscurus)''
* Smoothtooth blacktip shark ''(Carcharhinus leiodon)''
* Whitenose shark ''(Nasolamia velox)''
* Blacknose shark ''(Carcharhinus acronotus)''
* Night shark ''(Carcharhinus signatus)''
* Sharptooth lemon shark ''(Negaprion acutidens)''
* Sandbar shark ''(Carcharhinus plumbeus)''
* Whitecheek shark ''(Carcharhinus dussumieri)''
* Borneo broadfin shark ''(Lamiopsis tephrodes)''
* Broadfin shark ''(Lamiopsis temminckii)''
* Venezuelan dwarf smoothhound ''(Mustelus minicanis)''
* Spotless smoothhound ''(Mustelus griseus)''
* Indonesian houndshark ''(Hemitriakis indroyonoi)''
* Banded houndshark ''(Triakis scyllium)''
* Starspotted smoothhound ''(Mustelus manazo)''
* Japanese topeshark ''(Hemitriakis japanica)''
* Smalleye smoothhound ''(Mustelus higmani)''
* Common smoothhound ''(Mustelus mustelus)''
* Sharpfin houndshark ''(Hemitriakis acutipinna)''
* Straight-tooth weaselshark ''(Paragaleus tengi)''
* Atlantic weaselshark ''(Paragaleus pectoralis)''

Mackerel sharks

* Shortfin mako ''(Isurus oxyrinchus)''
* Longfin mako ''(Isurus paucus)''
* Pelagic thresher ''(Alopias pelagicus)''
* Basking shark ''(Cetorhinus maximus)''

Dogfishes

* Gulper shark ''(Centrophorus granulosus)''
* African gulper shark
* Little gulper shark ''(Centrophorus uyato)''
* Blackfin gulper shark ''(Centrophorus isodon)''
* Longfin gulper shark
* Mosaic gulper shark ''(Centrophorus tessellatus)''
* Leafscale gulper shark ''(Centrophorus squamosus)''
* Dumb gulper shark ''(Centrophorus harrissoni)''
* Angular roughshark ''(Oxynotus centrina)''
* Shortspine spurdog ''(Squalus mitsukurii)''
* Japanese spurdog ''(Squalus japonicus)''
* Japanese shortnose spurdog ''(Squalus brevirostris)''
* Greeneye spurdog ''(Squalus chloroculus)''
* Taiwan spurdog ''(Squalus formosus)''

Angel sharks

Species

Skates

* Winter skate ''(Leucoraja ocellata)''
* Undulate skate ''(Raja undulata)''
* Graytail skate ''(Bathyraja griseocauda)''
* Yellownose skate ''(Dipturus chilensis)''
* Roughskin skate ''(Dipturus trachydermus)''
* La Plata skate ''(Atlantoraja platana)''
* Mottled skate ''(Beringraja pulchra)''
* Bottlenose skate ''(Rostroraja alba)''
* Grey skate ''(Dipturus canutus)''
* Rough skate ''(Raja radula)''
* Sandy skate ''(Leucoraja circularis)''
* Eyespot skate ''(Atlantoraja cyclophora)''
* Maugean skate ''(Dipturus maugeanus)''
* Twineye skate ''(Raja ocellifera)''

Rays

* Giant manta ray ''(Mobula birostris)''
* Spinetail devil ray ''(Mobula mobular)''
* Atlantic devil ray ''(Mobula hypostoma)''
* Bentfin devil ray ''(Mobula thurstoni)''
* Shortfin devil ray ''(Mobula kuhlii)''
* Longhorned pygmy devil ray ''(Mobula eregoodoo)''
* Chilean devil ray ''(Mobula tarapacana)''
* Ornate eagle ray ''(Aetomylaeus vespertilio)''
* Ocellate eagle ray ''(Aetobatus ocellatus)''
* Whitespotted eagle ray ''(Aetobatus narinari)''
* Longhead eagle ray ''(Aetobatus flagellum)''
* Mottled eagle ray ''(Aetomylaeus maculatus)''
* Giant freshwater whipray ''(Urogymnus polylepis)''
* White-edge whipray ''(Fluvitrygon signifer)''
* Coach whipray ''(Himantura uarnak)''
* Bleeker's whipray ''(Pateobatis bleekeri)''
* Sharpnose whipray ''(Maculabatus macrura)''
* Marbled whipray ''(Fluvitrygon oxyrhynchus)''
* Round whipray ''(Maculabatus pastinacoides)''
* Roughback whipray ''(Fluvitrygon kittapongi)''
* Whitespotted whipray ''(Maculabatis gerrardi)''
* Tubemouth whipray ''(Urogymnus lobistoma)''
* Whitenose whipray ''(Himantura uarnacoides)''
* Javan whipray ''(Bevitrygon javaensis)''
* Honeycomb whipray ''(Himantura undulata)''
* Narrow cowtail ray ''(Pastinachus gracilicaudus)''
* Roughnose cowtail ray ''(Pastinachus solocirostris)''
* Javanese cownose ray ''(Rhinoptera javanica)''
* Oman cownose ray ''(Rhinoptera jayakari)''
* Mekong stingray ''(Hemitrygon laosensis)''
* Seret's butterfly ray ''(Gymnura sereti)''
* Spiny butterfly ray ''(Gymnura altaveri)''
* Zonetail butterfly ray ''(Gymnura zonura)''
* Groovebelly stingray ''(Dasyatis hypostigma)''
* Atlantic chupare ''(Styracura schmardae)''
* Coastal stingaree ''(Urolophus orarius)''
* Raya Amazonica ''(Potamotrygon tigrina)''
* Indian sharpnose ray ''(Telatrygon crozieri)''
* Venezuelan round ray ''(Urotrygon venezuelae)''
* Chinese stingray ''(Hemitrygon sinensis)''
* Large-eye stingray ''(Hypanus marinae)''

Sawfish and guitarfish

* Dwarf sawfish ''(Pristis clavata)''
* Knifetooth sawfish ''(Anoxypristis cuspidata)''
* Borneo guitarfish ''(Rhinobatos borneensis)''
* Chola guitarfish ''(Pseudobatos percellens)''
* Shortnose guitarfish ''(Zapteryx brevirostris)''
* Ringed guitarfish ''(Rhinobatos hynnicephalus)''
* Indonesian guitarfish ''(Rhinobatos penggali)''
* Greyspot guitarfish ''(Acroteriobatus leucospilus)''

Torpedo rays

* Chinese fanray ''(Platyrhina sinensis)''
* Tonkin numbfish ''(Narcine prodorsalis)''
* West African torpedo ''(Torpedo mackayana)''
* Rosette torpedo ''(Torpedo bauchotae)''
* Aden torpedo ''(Torpedo adenensis)''

Ray-finned fishes

Subpopulations
*''Squatina guggenheim'' (1 subpopulation)

Mackerel sharks

Subpopulations
*Basking shark ''(Cetorhinus maximus)'' (2 subpopulations)
*Porbeagle ''(Lamna nasus)'' (1 subpopulation)

Rays and skates

Ground sharks

Species

Subpopulations
*Sicklefin lemon shark ''(Negaprion acutidens)'' (1 subpopulation)
*Scalloped hammerhead ''(Sphyrna lewini)'' (3 subpopulations)

Carpet sharks

*Whale shark ''(Rhincodon typus)''

Squaliformes

Species
* Dumb gulper shark ''(Centrophorus harrissoni)''
Subpopulations
* Spiny dogfish ''(Squalus acanthias)'' (2 subpopulations)

Lampreys

* Turkish brook lamprey ''(Lampetra lanceolata)''

Ray-finned fishes

There are 592 species, ten subspecies, and three subpopulations of ray-finned fish assessed as endangered.

Salmoniformes

Species

Subpopulations
*Sockeye salmon ''(Oncorhynchus nerka)'' (12 subpopulations)

Silversides

Toothcarps

There are 65 species and nine subspecies of toothcarp assessed as endangered.

Pupfish

Species

Subspecies
* Dead Sea toothcarp ''(Aphanius dispar richardsoni)''

Nothobranchiids

Species

Subspecies

Poeciliids

Other toothcarp species

Cypriniformes

Cypriniformes includes carps, minnows, loaches and relatives. There are 245 species in the order Cypriniformes assessed as endangered.

Ellopostomatids

*'' Ellopostoma mystax''

Hillstream loaches

True loaches

Cyprinids

Psilorhynchids

*'' Psilorhynchus microphthalmus''

Suckers

Osmeriformes

Species

Subspecies
*'' Plecoglossus altivelis ryukyuensis''

Catfishes

Perciformes

There are 133 species and one subpopulation in the order Perciformes assessed as endangered.

Cichlids

Percids

Epinephelids

Gobies

Other Perciformes

Species

Subpopulations
*Swordfish ''(Xiphias gladius)'' (1 subpopulation)

Osteoglossiformes

Characiformes

Tetraodontiformes

Other ray-finned fishes

Species

Subpopulations
*White sturgeon ''(Acipenser transmontanus)'' (1 subpopulation)

Hagfishes

*'' Myxine paucidens''
*'' Paramyxine taiwanae''

See also

* Lists of IUCN Red List endangered species
* List of least concern fishes
* List of near threatened fishes
* List of vulnerable fishes
* List of critically endangered fishes
* List of recently extinct fishes
* List of data deficient fishes
* Sustainable seafood advisory lists and certification

References

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*Fish
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