This is a list of conflicts in Egypt arranged chronologically from

ancient Ancient history is a time period from the beginning of writing and recorded human history to as far as late antiquity. The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with the Sumerian cuneiform script. Ancient history cov ...

modern Modern may refer to: History * Modern history ** Early Modern period ** Late Modern period *** 18th century *** 19th century *** 20th century ** Contemporary history * Moderns, a faction of Freemasonry that existed in the 18th century Phil ...

times. This list includes nationwide and international wars, including:

wars of independence This is a list of wars of independence (also called liberation wars Wars of national liberation or national liberation revolutions are conflicts fought by nations to gain independence. The term is used in conjunction with wars against for ...

liberation wars Wars of national liberation or national liberation revolutions are conflicts fought by nations to gain independence. The term is used in conjunction with wars against foreign powers (or at least those perceived as foreign) to establish separat ...

colonial wars Colonial war (in some contexts referred to as small war) is a blanket term relating to the various conflicts that arose as the result of overseas territories being settled by foreign powers creating a colony. The term especially refers to wars ...

undeclared war An undeclared war is a military conflict between two or more nations without either side issuing a formal declaration of war. The term is sometimes used to include any disagreement or conflict fought about without an official declaration. Since ...

proxy wars A proxy war is an armed conflict between two states or non-state actors, one or both of which act at the instigation or on behalf of other parties that are not directly involved in the hostilities. In order for a conflict to be considered a pr ...

territorial disputes A territorial dispute or boundary dispute is a disagreement over the possession or control of land between two or more political entities. Context and definitions Territorial disputes are often related to the possession of natural resources s ...

, and

world wars A world war is an international conflict which involves all or most of the world's major powers. Conventionally, the term is reserved for two major international conflicts that occurred during the first half of the 20th century, World WarI (1914 ...

. Also listed might be any

battle A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force ...

that occurred within the territory of what is today known as "

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Medit ...

" but was itself only part of an

operation Operation or Operations may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media * ''Operation'' (game), a battery-operated board game that challenges dexterity * Operation (music), a term used in musical set theory * ''Operations'' (magazine), Multi-Ma ...

of a

campaign Campaign or The Campaign may refer to: Types of campaigns * Campaign, in agriculture, the period during which sugar beets are harvested and processed *Advertising campaign, a series of advertisement messages that share a single idea and theme * Bl ...

in a

theater Theatre or theater is a collaborative form of performing art that uses live performers, usually actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, often a stage. The perform ...

of a

war War is an intense armed conflict between states, governments, societies, or paramilitary groups such as mercenaries, insurgents, and militias. It is generally characterized by extreme violence, destruction, and mortality, using regular o ...

. There may also be periods of violent civil unrest listed, such as: riots,

shootout A shootout, also called a firefight or gunfight, is a fight between armed combatants using firearms. The term can be used to describe any such fight, though it is typically used to describe those that do not involve military forces or only invo ...

s, spree killings,

massacres A massacre is the killing of a large number of people or animals, especially those who are not involved in any fighting or have no way of defending themselves. A massacre is generally considered to be morally unacceptable, especially when per ...

terrorist attacks The following is a list of terrorist incidents that have not been carried out by a state or its forces (see state terrorism and state-sponsored terrorism). Assassinations are listed at List of assassinated people. Definitions of terrori ...

, and

civil wars A civil war or intrastate war is a war between organized groups within the same state (or country). The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government polici ...

. The list might also contain episodes of:

human sacrifice Human sacrifice is the act of killing one or more humans as part of a ritual, which is usually intended to please or appease gods, a human ruler, an authoritative/priestly figure or spirits of dead ancestors or as a retainer sacrifice, wherein ...

mass suicide Mass suicide is a form of suicide, occurring when a group of people simultaneously kill themselves. Overview Mass suicide sometimes occurs in religious settings. In war, defeated groups may resort to mass suicide rather than being captured. Su ...

, and

genocides Genocide is the intentional destruction of a people—usually defined as an ethnic, national, racial, or religious group—in whole or in part. Raphael Lemkin coined the term in 1944, combining the Greek word (, "race, people") with the Lati ...

Prehistoric times

Prehistoric Egypt

* between 14340 to 13140 BCE Battle at Cemetery 117

Ancient times

Early Dynastic Period of Egypt

* c. 3100 BCE Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt * c. 3050 BCE Hor-Aha, the second

pharaoh Pharaoh (, ; Egyptian: '' pr ꜥꜣ''; cop, , Pǝrro; Biblical Hebrew: ''Parʿō'') is the vernacular term often used by modern authors for the kings of ancient Egypt who ruled as monarchs from the First Dynasty (c. 3150 BC) until the ...

, led a

against the

Nubians Nubians () ( Nobiin: ''Nobī,'' ) are an ethnic group indigenous to the region which is now northern Sudan and southern Egypt. They originate from the early inhabitants of the central Nile valley, believed to be one of the earliest cradles of ...

. * c. 2890 BCE After the death of

Qa'a Qa'a (also Qáa or Ka'a) (literal meaning: "his arm is raised") was the last king of the First Dynasty of Egypt. He reigned for 33 years at the end of the 30th century BC. Identity Manetho calls Qa'a Biénechês and gives him a reign of 26 y ...

, the last

of the

First Dynasty of Egypt The First Dynasty of ancient Egypt (Dynasty I) covers the first series of Egyptian kings to rule over a unified Egypt. It immediately follows the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, possibly by Narmer, and marks the beginning of the Early Dy ...

, a short war may have occurred for the throne of

, ending with the accession of

Hotepsekhemwy Hotepsekhemwy is the Horus name of an early Egyptian king who was the founder of the Second Dynasty of Egypt. The exact length of his reign is not known; the Turin canon suggests an improbable 95 yearsAlan H. Gardiner: ''The royal canon of Tur ...

.Wolfgang Helck: ''Untersuchungen zur Thinitenzeit (Ägyptologische Abhandlungen)'', Vol. 45, Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1987, Peter Kaplony: ''„Er ist ein Liebling der Frauen“ – Ein „neuer“ König und eine neue Theorie zu den Kronprinzen sowie zu den Staatsgöttinnen (Kronengöttinnen) der 1./2. Dynastie''. In: Manfred Bietak: ''Ägypten und Levante''. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien 2006 ; page 126–127. * c. 2690 BCE Khasekhemwy reunited

Upper Egypt Upper Egypt ( ar, صعيد مصر ', shortened to , , locally: ; ) is the southern portion of Egypt and is composed of the lands on both sides of the Nile that extend upriver from Lower Egypt in the north to Nubia in the south. In ancient E ...

and Lower Egypt after a short period of political fragmentation.

Old Kingdom of Egypt

* c. 2670 BCE

Djoser Djoser (also read as Djeser and Zoser) was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the 3rd Dynasty during the Old Kingdom, and was the founder of that epoch. He is also known by his Hellenized names Tosorthros (from Manetho) and Sesorthos (from Eusebiu ...

, the first

of the

Third Dynasty of Egypt The Third Dynasty of ancient Egypt (Dynasty III) is the first dynasty of the Old Kingdom. Other dynasties of the Old Kingdom include the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth. The capital during the period of the Old Kingdom was at Memphis. Overview Af ...

, dispatched several military expeditions to the

Sinai Peninsula The Sinai Peninsula, or simply Sinai (now usually ) (, , cop, Ⲥⲓⲛⲁ), is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia. It is between the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the south, and is ...

, during which the local inhabitants were subdued

First Intermediate Period of Egypt

* c. 2150 BCE The

4.2 kiloyear event The 4.2-kiloyear (thousand years) BP aridification event (long-term drought) was one of the most severe climatic events of the Holocene epoch. It defines the beginning of the current Meghalayan age in the Holocene epoch. Starting around 2200&n ...

triggered famines, social disorder, and fragmentation. * c. 2140 BCE During the reign of the

Neferkare III, the

nomarch A nomarch ( grc, νομάρχης, egy, ḥrj tp ꜥꜣ Great Chief) was a provincial governor in ancient Egypt; the country was divided into 42 provinces, called nomes (singular , plural ). A nomarch was the government official responsib ...

of Hieraconopolis

Ankhtifi Ankhtifi (or Ankhtify) was a nomarch of Hierakonpolis and a supporter of the pharaoh in Herakleopolis Magna (10th Dynasty), which was locked in a conflict with the Theban based 11th Dynasty kingdom for control of Egypt. Hence, Ankhtifi was poss ...

, led a coalition of his nome and

Edfu Edfu ( egy, bḥdt, ar, إدفو , ; also spelt Idfu, or in modern French as Edfou) is an Egyptian city, located on the west bank of the Nile River between Esna and Aswan, with a population of approximately sixty thousand people. Edfu is the site ...

against Thebes. * c. 2120 BCE

Mentuhotep I Mentuhotep (also Montuhotep) is an ancient Egyptian name meaning "''Montu is satisfied''" and may refer to: Kings * Mentuhotep I, nomarch at Thebes during the First Intermediate Period and first king of the 11th Dynasty * Mentuhotep II, reunifi ...

and Sehertawy Intef I, independent rulers at Thebes in the early

eleventh dynasty of Egypt The Eleventh Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty XI) is a well-attested group of rulers. Its earlier members before Pharaoh Mentuhotep II are grouped with the four preceding dynasties to form the First Intermediate Period, whereas the la ...

, had soldiers fighting the Coptite

Tjauti, and the subsequent defeat of Tjauti ultimately put

Koptos Qift ( arz, قفط ; cop, Ⲕⲉϥⲧ, link=no ''Keft'' or ''Kebto''; Egyptian Gebtu; grc, Κόπτος, link=no ''Coptos'' / ''Koptos''; Roman Justinianopolis) is a small town in the Qena Governorate of Egypt about north of Luxor, situated un ...

Dendera Dendera ( ar, دَنْدَرة ''Dandarah''; grc, Τεντυρις or Τεντυρα; Bohairic cop, ⲛⲓⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱⲣⲓ, translit=Nitentōri; Sahidic cop, ⲛⲓⲧⲛⲧⲱⲣⲉ, translit=Nitntōre), also spelled ''Denderah'', ancient ...

and the three nomes of

Hierakonpolis Nekhen ( egy, nḫn, ); in grc, Ἱεράκων πόλις Hierakonpolis ( either: City of the Hawk, or City of the Falcon, a reference to Horus or ''Hierakōn polis'' "Hawk City" in arz, الكوم الأحمر, el-Kōm el-Aḥmar, lit=the ...

under Theban control, expanding the Theban kingdom 250 km northward with a border near Abydos. * c. 2075 BCE The

Akhtoy Nebkaure sacked

Thinis Thinis (Greek: Θίνις ''Thinis'', Θίς ''This'' ; Egyptian: Tjenu; cop, Ⲧⲓⲛ; ar, ثينيس) was the capital city of the first dynasties of ancient Egypt. Thinis remains undiscovered but is well attested by ancient writers, includ ...

Middle Kingdom of Egypt

* c. 2061 BCE – c. 2010 BCE Campaigns of

Mentuhotep II Mentuhotep II ( egy, Mn- ṯw- ḥtp, meaning " Mentu is satisfied"), also known under his prenomen Nebhepetre ( egy, Nb- ḥpt- Rˁ, meaning "The Lord of the rudder is Ra"), was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh, the sixth ruler of the Eleventh D ...

* c. 1900 BCE, in year 18 of

Senusret I Senusret I (Middle Egyptian: z-n-wsrt; /suʀ nij ˈwas.ɾiʔ/) also anglicized as Sesostris I and Senwosret I, was the second pharaoh of the Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt. He ruled from 1971 BC to 1926 BC (1920 BC to 1875 BC), and was one of the mo ...

conquest of Lower Nubian * c. 1880 BCE, Amenemhat II, looting of two cities in Asia * c. 1860-1850 BCE, Senusret III, four campaigns to Nubia, one campaign to the Southern Levant * c. =1850 BCE Amenemhat III, short Nubian campaign in year 9 of the king's reign * c. 1705 BCE – c. 1648 BCE After the

death Death is the irreversible cessation of all biological functions that sustain an organism. For organisms with a brain, death can also be defined as the irreversible cessation of functioning of the whole brain, including brainstem, and brain ...

of the sixth

of the Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt Nehesy Aasehre, the 14th dynasty continued to rule in the Nile River Delta region of Lower Egypt with a number of ephemeral or short-lived rulers until 1650 BCE when the

Hyksos Hyksos (; Egyptian '' ḥqꜣ(w)- ḫꜣswt'', Egyptological pronunciation: ''hekau khasut'', "ruler(s) of foreign lands") is a term which, in modern Egyptology, designates the kings of the Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt (fl. c. 1650–1550 BC). T ...

Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt The Fifteenth Dynasty was a foreign dynasty of ancient Egypt. It was founded by Salitis, a Hyksos from West Asia whose people had invaded the country and conquered Lower Egypt. The 15th, 16th, and 17th Dynasties of ancient Egypt are often combi ...

conquered the Delta.Bourriau in ''The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt'', p.194

Second Intermediate Period of Egypt

* c. 1705 BCE – c. 1648 BCE After the

of the sixth

conquered the Delta. * c. 1649 BCE the

conquer

Memphis Memphis most commonly refers to: * Memphis, Egypt, a former capital of ancient Egypt * Memphis, Tennessee, a major American city Memphis may also refer to: Places United States * Memphis, Alabama * Memphis, Florida * Memphis, Indiana * Memp ...

, putting an end to the

13th Dynasty In music or music theory, a thirteenth is the note thirteen scale degrees from the root of a chord and also the interval between the root and the thirteenth. The interval can be also described as a compound sixth, spanning an octave p ...

. * c. 1649 BCE – c. 1600 BCE the Hyksos progress south conquering

Middle Egypt Middle Egypt () is the section of land between Lower Egypt (the Nile Delta) and Upper Egypt, stretching upstream from Asyut in the south to Memphis in the north. At the time, Ancient Egypt was divided into Lower and Upper Egypt, though Middle ...

, then controlled by the Abydos Dynasty or the 16th Dynasty. * c. 1629 BCE – c. 1628 BCE Neferhotep III certainly embroiled in a defensive war against the

, which would ultimately overrun the Sixteenth Dynasty of Egypt state. * c. 1582 BCE Final Theban offensive of Hyksos who conquer Thebes ending the 16th Dynasty. ** c. 1580 BCE The Hyksos had withdrawn from Thebes abandoning it to the Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt. * c. 1560 BCE – c. 1540 BCE The Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt at war with the Hyksos.

New Kingdom of Egypt

* c. 1550 BCE Pharaoh Ahmosis I launches an invasion on the Hyksos in Upper and Lower Egypt, driving them out and chasing them into the Levant until his armies obliterated them. Starting a new era in Ancient Egyptian history known as the New Kingdom under the rule of the 18th dynasty. * 1457 BCE Battle of Megiddo:

Thutmose III Thutmose III (variously also spelt Tuthmosis or Thothmes), sometimes called Thutmose the Great, was the sixth pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty. Officially, Thutmose III ruled Egypt for almost 54 years and his reign is usually dated from 2 ...

defeats Canaanite Coalition Egypt 1450 BC

* c. 1282 BCE Seti's military campaigns * 1206 BCE – c. 1150 BCE

Bronze Age collapse The Late Bronze Age collapse was a time of widespread societal collapse during the 12th century BC, between c. 1200 and 1150. The collapse affected a large area of the Eastern Mediterranean (North Africa and Southeast Europe) and the Near ...

causes the collapse of the New Kingdom of Egypt and subsequent attacks from Libyans, with associated people of

Ekwesh The Achaeans (; el, Ἀχαιοί, ''Akhaioi'') were one of the four major tribes into which the Greeks divided themselves (along with the Aeolians, Ionians and Dorians). According to the foundation myth formalized by Hesiod, their name comes fr ...

Shekelesh The Shekelesh (Egyptian language: ''šꜣkrwšꜣꜣ'' or ''šꜣꜣkrwšꜣꜣ'') were one of the several ethnic groups the Sea Peoples were said to be composed of, appearing in fragmentary historical and iconographic records in ancient Egyptian ...

Lukka The term Lukka lands (sometimes Luqqa lands), in Hittite language texts from the 2nd millennium BC, is a collective term for states formed by the Lukka people in south-west Anatolia (modern-day Turkey). The Lukka were never subjugated long-term by ...

Shardana The Sherden ( Egyptian: ''šrdn'', ''šꜣrdꜣnꜣ'' or ''šꜣrdynꜣ'', Ugaritic: ''šrdnn(m)'' and ''trtn(m)'', possibly Akkadian: ''še-er-ta-an-nu''; also glossed “Shardana” or “Sherdanu”) are one of the several ethnic groups the Se ...

and Tursha or Teresh possibly

Troas Troas may refer to: Places * The Troad, historical name for a region in the northwestern part of Anatolia * Alexandria Troas, a Hellenistic and Roman city in Anatolia * Troaș, a village in Săvârșin Commune, Arad County, Romania * Troaș, a r ...

. A second attack during the reign of

Ramesses III Usermaatre Meryamun Ramesses III (also written Ramses and Rameses) was the second Pharaoh of the Twentieth Dynasty in Ancient Egypt. He is thought to have reigned from 26 March 1186 to 15 April 1155 BC and is considered to be the last great monar ...

involved

Peleset The Peleset ( Egyptian: ''pwrꜣsꜣtj'') or Pulasati were one of the several ethnic groups the Sea Peoples were said to be composed of, appearing in fragmentary historical and iconographic records in ancient Egyptian from the Eastern Mediterra ...

Tjeker The Tjeker or Tjekker ( Egyptian: ''ṯꜣkꜣr'' or ''ṯꜣkkꜣr'') were one of the Sea Peoples. Known mainly from the " Story of Wenamun", the Tjeker are also documented earlier, at Medinet Habu, as raiders defeated by Pharaoh Ramesses III of ...

and

Denyen The Denyen ( Egyptian: ''dꜣjnjnjw'') is purported to be one of the groups constituting the Sea Peoples. Origin They are mentioned in the Amarna letters from the 14th century BC as possibly being related to the "Land of the Danuna" near Ugarit. ...

. ** c. 1178 Egyptian-Sea People wars *** c. 1178 BCE Battle of the Delta *** c. 1178 BCE

Battle of Djahy The Battle of Djahy was a major land battle between the forces of pharaoh Ramesses III and the Sea Peoples who intended to invade and conquer Egypt. The conflict occurred on the Egyptian Empire's easternmost frontier in Djahy or modern-day southe ...

Third Intermediate Period of Egypt

* 925 BCE Battle of Bitter Lakes * 752–721 BCE Conquest of Egypt * 671 BCE Assyrian invasion of Egypt led by

Esarhaddon Esarhaddon, also spelled Essarhaddon, Assarhaddon and Ashurhaddon ( Neo-Assyrian cuneiform: , also , meaning " Ashur has given me a brother"; Biblical Hebrew: ''ʾĒsar-Ḥaddōn'') was the king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from the death of hi ...

* 664 BCE

Sack of Thebes The Sack of Thebes took place in 663 BC in the city of Thebes at the hands of the Neo-Assyrian Empire under king Ashurbanipal, then at war with the Kushite Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt under Tantamani, during the Assyrian conquest of Egypt. Af ...

led by Ashurbanipal

Late Period of Egypt

* 530–522 BCE Campaigns of King Cambyses II of Persia ** 525 BCE Battle of Pelusium * 522–520 BCE Rebellion of Petubastis III * 480s BCE Rebellion of Psamtik IV * 460–454 BCE Rebellion of

Inaros II Inaros (II), also known as Inarus, (fl. ca. 460 BC) was an Egyptian rebel ruler who was the son of an Egyptian prince named Psamtik, presumably of the old Saite line, and grandson of Psamtik III. In 460 BC, he revolted against the Persians wit ...

** 459 BCE Battle of Papremis * 411 BCE

Amyrtaeus Amyrtaeus ( , a Hellenization of the original Egyptian name Amenirdisu) of Sais, is the only pharaoh of the Twenty-eighth Dynasty of EgyptCimmino 2003, p. 385. and is thought to be related to the royal family of the Twenty-sixth Dynasty (664� ...

revolted against Darius II of the Achaemenid Empire, leading a guerrilla action in the western Nile Delta around his home city of

Sais Sais ( grc, Σάϊς, cop, Ⲥⲁⲓ) was an ancient Egyptian city in the Western Nile Delta on the Canopic branch of the Nile,Mish, Frederick C., Editor in Chief. "Saïs." '' Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary''. 9th ed. Springfield ...

, and regaining the Egyptian independence. * 385–383 BCE – A Persian invasion of Egypt was repelled by king

Hakor Hakor or Hagar, also known by the hellenized forms Achoris or Hakoris, was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the 29th Dynasty. His reign marks the apex of this feeble and short-lived dynasty, having ruled for 13 years – more than half of its enti ...

* 374–373 BCE – A Persian invasion of Egypt was repelled by king

Nectanebo I Nectanebo I ( Egyptian: ; grc-gre, Νεκτάνεβις ; died 361/60 BCE) was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh, founder of the last native dynasty of Egypt, the 30th. Name Nectanebo's Egyptian personal name was Nḫt-nb.f, which means "the stron ...

* c. 340 BCE – Second Achaemenid conquest of Egypt * 335 BCE – 323 BCE

Wars of Alexander the Great The wars of Alexander the Great were a series of conquests that were carried out by Alexander III of Macedon from 336 BC to 323 BC. They began with battles against the Achaemenid Persian Empire, then under the rule of Darius III of Persia ...

** 333 BCE Pelusium opened its gates to

Alexander the Great Alexander III of Macedon ( grc, Ἀλέξανδρος, Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. He succeeded his father Philip II to ...

, who placed a garrison in it under the command of one of those officers entitled Companions of the King

Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt

* 335–323 BCE

** 333 BCE Pelusium opened its gates to

, who placed a garrison in it under the command of one of those officers entitled Companions of the King * 173 BCE

Antiochus Epiphanes Antiochus is a Greek male first name, which was a dynastic name for rulers of the Seleucid Empire and the Kingdom of Commagene. In Jewish historical memory, connected with the Maccabean Revolt and the holiday of Hanukkah, "Antiochus" refers spec ...

utterly defeated the troops of Ptolemy Philometor under the walls of Pelusium, which he took and retained after he had retired from the rest of Egypt * 55 BCE Again belonging to Egypt,

Mark Antony Marcus Antonius (14 January 1 August 30 BC), commonly known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the au ...

, as cavalry general to the

Roman Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...

proconsul Gabinius, defeated the Egyptian army, and made himself master of the city. * 10 January 49 BCE – 17 March 45 BCE

Caesar's Civil War Caesar's civil war (49–45 BC) was one of the last politico-military conflicts of the Roman Republic before its reorganization into the Roman Empire. It began as a series of political and military confrontations between Gaius Julius Caesar and ...

** 48–47 BCE Siege of Alexandria ** 47 BCE Battle of the Nile * 32 BCE – August 30 BCE

Final War of the Roman Republic The War of Actium (32–30 BC) was the last civil war of the Roman Republic, fought between Mark Antony (assisted by Cleopatra and by extension Ptolemaic Egypt) and Octavian. In 32 BC, Octavian convinced the Roman Senate to declare war on the E ...

** 31 July – 1 August 30 BCE Battle of Alexandria

Roman Province of Egypt

* 32 BCE – 30 August BCE

** 31 July – 1 August 30 BCE Battle of Alexandria * 115–117 CE

Kitos War The Kitos War (115–117; he, מרד הגלויות, mered ha-galuyot, or ''mered ha-tfutzot''; "rebellion of the diaspora" la, Tumultus Iudaicus) was one of the major Jewish–Roman wars (66–136). The rebellions erupted in 115, when most ...

Medieval period

Byzantine Diocese of Egypt

* 618–621 CE

Sassanid conquest of Egypt The Sasanian conquest of Egypt took place between 618 and 621 CE, when the Sasanian Persian army defeated the Byzantine forces in Egypt and occupied the province. The fall of Alexandria, the capital of Roman Egypt, marked the first and most imp ...

** 619 CE Siege of Alexandria

Sassanid Empire

* 618–621 CE

** 619 CE Siege of Alexandria

Rashidun Caliphate

* 639–642 CE

Muslim conquest of Egypt The Muslim conquest of Egypt, led by the army of 'Amr ibn al-'As, took place between 639 and 646 AD and was overseen by the Rashidun Caliphate. It ended the seven-century-long period of Roman reign over Egypt that began in 30 BC. Byzantine ru ...

** 6 July 640 CE

Battle of Heliopolis The Battle of Heliopolis or Ayn Shams was a decisive battle between Arab Muslim armies and Byzantine forces for the control of Egypt. Though there were several major skirmishes after this battle, it effectively decided the fate of the Byzanti ...

** 641 CE Siege of Alexandria ** 646 CE Battle of Nikiou

Abbasid Caliphate

* 809–827 CE Great Abbasid Civil War

Ayyubid dynasty

* 1171–1172 CE Ayyubids Conquest of North Africa and Nubia * 1095–1272 CE

The Crusades The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period. The best known of these Crusades are those to the Holy Land in the period between 1095 and 1291 that were in ...

** 1213–1221 CE

Fifth Crusade The Fifth Crusade (1217–1221) was a campaign in a series of Crusades by Western Europeans to reacquire Jerusalem and the rest of the Holy Land by first conquering Egypt, ruled by the powerful Ayyubid sultanate, led by Al-Adil I, al-Adil, brothe ...

*** 1218–1219 CE Siege of Damietta ** 1248–1254 CE Seventh Crusade *** 6 June 1249 CE Siege of Damietta *** 8 February 1250 CE – 11 February 1250 CE Battle of Al Mansurah *** 6 April 1250 CE Battle of Fariskur

Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt

* 9–12 October 1365 CE

Alexandrian Crusade The brief Alexandrian Crusade, also called the sack of Alexandria, occurred in October 1365 and was led by Peter I of Cyprus against Alexandria in Egypt. Although often referred to as and counted among the Crusades, it was relatively devoid of r ...

Modern Times

Eyalet of Egypt

* 538–1557 CE Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts * 20 April 1792 – 25 March 1802 CE

French Revolutionary Wars The French Revolutionary Wars (french: Guerres de la Révolution française) were a series of sweeping military conflicts lasting from 1792 until 1802 and resulting from the French Revolution. They pitted France against Britain, Austria, Prussia ...

** May–December 1798 CE Mediterranean campaign *** 1798–1801 CE

French campaign in Egypt and Syria The French campaign in Egypt and Syria (1798–1801) was Napoleon Bonaparte's campaign in the Ottoman territories of Egypt and Syria, proclaimed to defend French trade interests, to establish scientific enterprise in the region. It was the ...

**** 13 July 1798 CE

Battle of Shubra Khit The Battle of Shubra Khit, also known as the Battle of Chobrakit, was the first major engagement of Napoleon's campaign in Egypt that took place on 13 July, 1798. On their march to Cairo, the French army encountered an Ottoman army consisting of ...

**** 21 July 1798 CE

Battle of the Pyramids The Battle of the Pyramids, also known as the Battle of Embabeh, was a major engagement fought on 21 July 1798, during the French Invasion of Egypt. The battle took place near the village of Embabeh, across the Nile River from Cairo, but was n ...

**** 1–3 August 3, 1798 CE Battle of the Nile **** 21 October 1798 CE

Revolt of Cairo The Revolt of Cairo was a revolt that occurred on 21–22 October 1798 by the citizens of Cairo against the French occupation of Egypt led by Napoleon Bonaparte.Chandler, p. 230. The revolt In 1798, Napoleon led the French army into Egypt, swi ...

**** 25 July 1799 CE Battle of Abukir **** 19 February 1799 CE

Siege of El Arish The siege of El Arish was a successful siege by French forces under Napoleon Bonaparte against Ottoman forces under Mustafa Pasha. The French army, commanded by Jean Baptiste Kléber and Jean Reynier laid siege to the fortress of El Arish for ...

**** 20 March 1800 CE

**** 8 March 1801 CE Battle of Abukir **** 13 March 1801 CE

Battle of Mandora The Battle of Mandora was a minor battle fought on 13 March 1801 between French forces under François Lanusse and the British expeditionary corps under Ralph Abercromby, during the French campaign in Egypt and Syria. Background The British ar ...

**** 21 March 1801 CE Battle of Alexandria **** 17 August – 2 September 1801 CE Siege of Alexandria * 18 May 1803 CE – 20 November 1815 CE

Napoleonic Wars The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European states formed into various coalitions. It produced a period of Fren ...

** 1807–1809 CE Anglo-Turkish War *** 1807 CE Alexandria expedition

Khedivate of Egypt

* 1882 CE

Anglo-Egyptian War The British conquest of Egypt (1882), also known as Anglo-Egyptian War (), occurred in 1882 between Egyptian and Sudanese forces under Ahmed ‘Urabi and the United Kingdom. It ended a nationalist uprising against the Khedive Tewfik Pasha. It ...

** 11–13 July 1882 CE

Bombardment of Alexandria The Bombardment of Alexandria in Egypt by the British Mediterranean Fleet took place on 11–13 July 1882. Admiral Beauchamp Seymour was in command of a fleet of fifteen Royal Navy ironclad ships which had previously sailed to the harbor of ...

** June–July 1882 CE Egyptian Expedition ** 1882 CE

Battle of Kassassin A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force ...

** 1882 CE Battle of Kafr el-Dawwar ** 13 September 1882 CE Battle of Tel al-Kebir * 1881–1899 CE Mahdist War ** 3 August 1889 CE

Battle of Toski The Battle of Toski (''Tushkah'') was part of the Mahdist War. It took place on August 3, 1889 in southern Egypt between the Anglo-Egyptian forces and the Mahdist forces of the Sudan. Since 1882, the British had taken control of Egypt and found ...

Sultanate of Egypt

* 28 July 1914 CE – 11 November 1918 CE

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

** 29 October 1914 CE – 30 October 1918 CE

Middle Eastern theatre of World War I The Middle Eastern theatre of World War I saw action between 29 October 1914 and 30 October 1918. The combatants were, on one side, the Ottoman Empire (including the majority of Kurdish tribes, a relative majority of Arabs, and Caucasian ''T ...

*** 28 January 1915 CE – 30 October 1918 CE Sinai and Palestine Campaign **** 26 January – 4 February 1915 CE

Raid on the Suez Canal The Raid on the Suez Canal, also known as Actions on the Suez Canal, took place between 26 January and 4 February 1915 when a German-led Ottoman Army force advanced from Southern Palestine to attack the British Empire-protected Suez Canal, mar ...

**** 23 April 1916 CE

Battle of Katia The Battle of Katia, also known as the Affair of Qatia by the British, was an engagement fought east of the Suez Canal and north of El Ferdan Station, in the vicinity of Katia and Oghratina, on 23 April 1916 during the Defence of the Suez ...

**** 3–August 5, 1916 CE

Battle of Romani The Battle of Romani was the last ground attack of the Central Powers on the Suez Canal at the beginning of the Sinai and Palestine campaign during the First World War. The battle was fought between 3 and 5 August 1916 near the Egyptian town ...

**** 23 December 1916 CE

Battle of Magdhaba The Battle of Magdhaba took place on 23 December 1916 during the Defence of Egypt section of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign in the First World War.The Battles Nomenclature Committee assigned 'Affair' to those engagements between forces small ...

**** 9 January 1917 CE

Battle of Rafa The Battle of Rafa, also known as the Action of Rafah, fought on 9 January 1917, was the third and final battle to complete the recapture of the Sinai Peninsula by British forces during the Sinai and Palestine campaign of the First World War. T ...

**** 13–21 February 1917 CE Raid on Nekhl

Kingdom of Egypt

* 1 September 1939 CE – 2 September 1945 CE

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

** 10 June 1940 CE – 2 May 1945 CE Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II *** 10 June 1940 CE – 13 May 1943 CE North African Campaign **** 11 June 1940 CE – 4 February 1943 CE Western Desert Campaign ***** 9–16 September 1940 CE Italian invasion of Egypt ***** 9 December 1940 CE – 9 February 1941 CE

Operation Compass Operation Compass (also it, Battaglia della Marmarica) was the first large British military operation of the Western Desert Campaign (1940–1943) during the Second World War. British, Empire and Commonwealth forces attacked Italian forces of ...

***** 4 February 1942 CE – Abdeen Palace Incident ***** 1–27 July 1942 CE

First Battle of El Alamein The First Battle of El Alamein (1–27 July 1942) was a battle of the Western Desert campaign of the Second World War, fought in Egypt between Axis (German and Italian) forces of the Panzer Army Africa—which included the under Field Marsha ...

***** 30 August – 5 September 1942 CE

Battle of Alam Halfa The Battle of Alam el Halfa took place between 30 August and 5 September 1942 south of El Alamein during the Western Desert Campaign of the Second World War. '' Panzerarmee Afrika'' (''Generalfeldmarschall'' Erwin Rommel), attempted an envelopme ...

***** 11 October – 23 November 1942 CE

Second Battle of El Alamein The Second Battle of El Alamein (23 October – 11 November 1942) was a battle of the Second World War that took place near the Egyptian railway halt of El Alamein. The First Battle of El Alamein and the Battle of Alam el Halfa had prevented th ...

* 15 May 1948 CE – 10 March 1949 CE Arab–Israeli War ** December 1948 CE – January 1949 CE Battles of the Sinai

Republic of Egypt

* 23 July 1952 CE Egyptian Revolution * 2–3 November, 1955 CE Operation Volcano (Israeli raid) * 29 October – November 7, 1956 CE Suez Crisis ** October 1956 CE Operation Musketeer ** 1956 CE Operation Telescope ** 1956 CE Battle of Suez (1956)

United Arab Republic

* 28 September 1961 CE Collapse of the United Arab Republic

Arab Republic of Egypt

* 5–11 June 1967 CE

Six-Day War The Six-Day War (, ; ar, النكسة, , or ) or June War, also known as the 1967 Arab–Israeli War or Third Arab–Israeli War, was fought between Israel and a coalition of Arab states (primarily Egypt, Syria, and Jordan) from 5 to 10 Ju ...

** 5–6 June 1967 CE Battle of Abu-Ageila ** 8 June 8, 1967 CE – USS ''Liberty'' incident * 1 July 1967 CE – 7 August 1970 CE

War of Attrition The War of Attrition ( ar, حرب الاستنزاف, Ḥarb al-Istinzāf; he, מלחמת ההתשה, Milhemet haHatashah) involved fighting between Israel and Egypt, Jordan, the Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO) and their allies from ...

** 11 July 1967 CE Battle of Rumani Coast ** 19 July 1969 CE Operation Bulmus 6 ** 20 July 1969 CE – 28 July 1969 CE Operation Boxer ** 26–27 December 1969 CE

Operation Rooster 53 Operation Rooster 53 was an Israeli military operation during the War of Attrition to capture an Egyptian P-12 radar system. Often referred to as merely Operation Rooster, it was carried out on December 26 and 27, 1969. Participating forces incl ...

** 7 January – 13 April 1970 CE

Operation Priha The Priha (Blossom) Operations were a series of strikes undertaken by the Israeli Air Force during the War of Attrition. Taking place between January and April 1970, the operations consisted of 118 sorties against targets in the Egyptian heartland ...

** 22 January 1970 CE

Operation Rhodes Operation Rhodes ( he, מבצע רודוס) was an Israeli heliborne raid against the Egyptian island of Shadwan on 22 January 1970, during the War of Attrition. It was carried out by Israeli paratroopers and Shayetet 13 naval commandos, who too ...

** 30 July 1970 CE

Operation Rimon 20 Rimon 20 ( he, רימון 20, ''Pomegranate 20'') was the code name of an aerial battle in 1970 which pitted the Israeli Air Force directly against Soviet fighter pilots stationed in Egypt during the War of Attrition. Israel planned the dogfight ...

* 6–25 October 1973 CE

Yom Kippur War The Yom Kippur War, also known as the Ramadan War, the October War, the 1973 Arab–Israeli War, or the Fourth Arab–Israeli War, was an armed conflict fought from October 6 to 25, 1973 between Israel and a coalition of Arab states led by E ...

** 6–8 October 1973 Operation Badr ** 6 October 1973

Battles of Fort Budapest The Battles of Fort Budapest ( he, מעוז בודפשט) refer to two attempts by the Egyptian Army to capture Fort Budapest, part of the Bar Lev Line during the Yom Kippur War. The first attempt took place at noon on October 6, 1973, with t ...

** 6 October 1973 Battle of Fort Lahtzanit ** 6 October 1973

Ofira Air Battle The Ofira Air Battle was one of the first air battles of the Yom Kippur War. On 6 October 1973, Egypt launched a massive surprise attack on Israel that included over 200 Egyptian aircraft participating in an opening airstrike. The Israeli Air F ...

** 6-7 October 1973 Battle of El Qantarah ** 7 October 1973 Romani ambush ** 7 October 1973 Battle of Marsa Talamat ** 7 October 1973

Operation Tagar Operation Tagar ( he, תגר, Quarrel) was the name of an Israeli Air Force operation which took place over Egypt on October 7, 1973, the second day of the Yom Kippur War. The operation was preplanned as a sweeping operation to destroy all of t ...

** 7-8 October 1973 Battle of the Moses Eyes Fortress ** 8 October 1973 Battle of Firdan ** 8–9 October 1973

Battle of Baltim The Battle of Baltim (also Battle of Damietta, Battle of Baltim–Damietta, Battle of Damietta–Baltim or Battle of Damietta – El Burelos) was fought between the Israeli Navy and the Egyptian Navy on October 8–9, 1973, during the Yom Kippur ...

** 14 October 1973 Battle of the Sinai ** 14 October 1973

Air Battle of El Mansoura The air battle of Mansoura was an air battle that took place during the Yom Kippur War between the Egyptian Air Force (EAF) and the Israeli Air Force (IAF) near the town of El Mansoura, in the Nile Delta. The Israeli air force launched air s ...

** 15 October 1973 – 17 October 1973

Battle of the Chinese Farm A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and for ...

** 16 October 1973 Raid on Egyptian missile bases ** 17 October 1973 Egyptian 25th Brigade ambush ** 18 October 1973 – October 1973

Battle of Ismailia The Battle of Ismailia took place between the Egyptian Army and the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) during the last stages of the Yom Kippur War during October 18–22, 1973, south of the city of Ismailia, on the west bank of the Suez Canal in Egy ...

** 22 October 1973 Scud missile attack ** 24 October 1973 – 25 October 1973

Battle of Suez The Battle of Suez was fought on October 24–25, 1973 between the Israel Defense Forces and the Egyptian Army in the Egyptian town of Suez. It was the last major battle of the Yom Kippur War, before a ceasefire took effect. On October 23, ...

* 21–24 July 1977 Libyan-Egyptian War * 25 January 2011 2011 Egyptian Revolution and Aftermath ** 25 January – 11 February 2011 Egyptian Revolution ** 23 February 2011 – ''ongoing''

Sinai insurgency The Sinai insurgency is an ongoing insurgency in the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, that was commenced by Islamist militants against Egyptian security forces, which have also included attacks on civilians. The insurgency began during the Egyptian ...

** 22 November 2012 – 3 July 2013 Egyptian protests ** 28 June – 3 July 2, 2013

June 2013 Egyptian protests The 30 June protests occurred in Egypt on 30 June 2013, marking the one-year anniversary of Mohamed Morsi's inauguration as president. The events ended with the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état after mass protests across Egypt demanding the immediat ...

** 3 July 2013 Political violence in Egypt ** 16 February 2015 – ''ongoing'' Intervention in Libya ** 25 March 2015 – ''ongoing'' Intervention in Yemen

References

{{Egypt topics Battles involving Egypt Military history of Egypt

Conflicts Conflict may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Conflict'' (1921 film), an American silent film directed by Stuart Paton * ''Conflict'' (1936 film), an American boxing film starring John Wayne * ''Conflict'' (1937 film) ...

Prehistoric times

Prehistoric Egypt

Ancient times

Early Dynastic Period of Egypt

Old Kingdom of Egypt

First Intermediate Period of Egypt

Middle Kingdom of Egypt

Second Intermediate Period of Egypt

New Kingdom of Egypt

Third Intermediate Period of Egypt

Late Period of Egypt

Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt

Roman Province of Egypt

Medieval period

Byzantine Diocese of Egypt

Sassanid Empire

Rashidun Caliphate

Abbasid Caliphate

Ayyubid dynasty

Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt

Modern Times

Eyalet of Egypt

Khedivate of Egypt

Sultanate of Egypt

Kingdom of Egypt

Republic of Egypt

United Arab Republic

Arab Republic of Egypt

See also

References