This is a

list of wars The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to war: War – organised and often prolonged armed conflict that is carried out by states or non-state actors – is characterised by extreme violence, social disruption, an ...

and conflicts in Asia, particularly East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia and Russia. For a list of conflicts in Southwest Asia, Asia Pacific. see ''

List of conflicts in the Near East This is a list of conflicts in the Near East arranged; first, chronologically from the epipaleolithic until the end of the late modern period ( – c. AD 1945); second, geographically by sub-regions (starting from east to west; then, south to n ...

'' for historical conflicts and ''

List of conflicts in the Middle East This is a list of modern conflicts in the Middle East ensuing in the geographic and political region known as the Middle East. The "Middle East" is traditionally defined as the Fertile Crescent (Mesopotamia), Levant, and Egypt and neighboring ...

'', '' List of conflicts in Australia (related Asia Pacific)'' for contemporary conflicts

Western Asia

Armenia Armenia (), , group=pron officially the Republic of Armenia,, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of Western Asia.The UNbr>classification of world regions places Armenia in Western Asia; the CIA World Factbook , , and ''Ox ...

* c. 2492 BCE Battle between Haik and

Nimrod Nimrod (; ; arc, ܢܡܪܘܕ; ar, نُمْرُود, Numrūd) is a biblical figure mentioned in the Book of Genesis and Books of Chronicles. The son of Cush and therefore a great-grandson of Noah, Nimrod was described as a king in the land of ...

* 714 BCE Urartu–Assyria War * 1914-1918

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

* 1918

Georgian–Armenian War The Armeno-Georgian War was a short border dispute that was fought in December 1918 between the newly-independent Democratic Republic of Georgia and the First Republic of Armenia, largely over the control of former districts of Tiflis Governora ...

* 1918–1920 Armenian–Azerbaijani War * 1920

Red Army invasion of Armenia The Red Army invasion of Armenia, also known as the Sovietization or the Soviet invasion of Armenia, the Soviet occupation of Armenia, or Soviet intervention in Armenia was a military campaign which was carried out by the 11th Army of Soviet Ru ...

* 1988-''ongoing''

Nagorno-Karabakh conflict The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is an ethnic and territorial conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh, inhabited mostly by ethnic Armenians, and seven surrounding districts, inhabited mostly by Azerbaij ...

** 1988-1994

First Nagorno-Karabakh War The First Nagorno-Karabakh War, referred to in Armenia as the Artsakh Liberation War ( hy, Արցախյան ազատամարտ, Artsakhyan azatamart) was an ethnic and territorial conflict that took place from February 1988 to May 1994, in th ...

** 2008

2008 Mardakert clashes The 2008 Mardakert clashes began on March 4 after the 2008 Armenian election protests. It involved the heaviest fighting between ethnic Armenian and Azerbaijani forces over the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh since the 1994 ceasefire after t ...

** 2010

2010 Nagorno-Karabakh clashes The 2010 Nagorno-Karabakh clashes were a series of exchanges of gunfire that took place on February 18 on the line of contact dividing Azerbaijani and the Karabakh Armenian military forces. Azerbaijan accused the Armenian forces of firing on the ...

** 2010

2010 Mardakert clashes The 2010 Mardakert clashes were a series of violations of the First Nagorno-Karabakh War ceasefire. They took place across the line of contact dividing Azerbaijan and the ethnic Armenian military forces of the unrecognized but ''de facto'' indepe ...

** 2012 2012 Armenian–Azerbaijani border clashes ** 2014 2014 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes ** 2014

2014 Armenian Mil Mi-24 shootdown On 12 November 2014, an Armenian Mil Mi-24 attack helicopter ( NATO reporting name "Hind") was shot down by Azerbaijani Armed Forces during the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, killing all three crew members. Events According to the Armenian side, ...

** 2016

2016 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict The 2016 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, also known as the Four-Day War,, International Phonetic Alphabet, IPA: ʰɑroɾjɑ pɑtɛɾɑzm az, Dördgünlük müharibə April War,; or April clashes, began along the Nagorno-Karabakh Line of Contac ...

** 2018 2018 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes ** 2020

July 2020 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes The July 2020 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes began on 12 July 2020 between the Armenian Armed Forces and Azerbaijani Armed Forces. Initial clashes occurred near Movses in Tavush Province of Armenia, and Ağdam in Tovuz District of Azerbaijan ...

** 2020

2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war The Second Nagorno-Karabakh War was an armed conflict in 2020 that took place in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh and Armenian-occupied territories surrounding Nagorno-Karabakh, the surrounding territories. It was a major escalation of ...

** 2021-2022

2021–2022 Armenia–Azerbaijan border crisis The military forces of Armenia and Azerbaijan have been engaged in a border conflict since 12 May 2021, when Azerbaijani soldiers crossed several kilometers into Armenia in the provinces of Syunik and Gegharkunik, occupying about of Armenian t ...

Azerbaijan Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of th ...

* 1914–1918

Caucasus Campaign The Caucasus campaign comprised armed conflicts between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire, later including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus, the German Empire, the Central Caspian Dicta ...

* 1918–1919 Mughan clashes * 1918–1920 Armenian–Azerbaijani War * 1920

Red Army invasion of Azerbaijan The Red Army invasion of Azerbaijan, also known as the Sovietization or Soviet invasion of Azerbaijan, was a military campaign carried out by the 11th Army of Soviet Russia in April 1920 to install a new Soviet government in the Azerbaijan Democ ...

* 1988-''ongoing''

** 1988-1994

** 2008

** 2010

** 2012 2012 Armenian–Azerbaijani border clashes ** 2014 2014 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes ** 2014

** 2016

** 2018 2018 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes ** 2020

** 2020

** 2021-2022

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ...

Prehistoric Egypt Prehistoric Egypt and Predynastic Egypt span the period from the earliest human settlement to the beginning of the Early Dynastic Period around 3100 BC, starting with the first Pharaoh, Narmer for some Egyptologists, Hor-Aha for others, with th ...

* Between 14340 to 13140 BCE Battle at

Cemetery 117 Jebel Sahaba ( ar, جَبَل ٱلصَّحَابَة, Jabal Aṣ-Ṣaḥābah, lit=Mountain of the Companions; also Site 117) is a prehistoric cemetery site in the Nile Valley (now submerged in Lake Nasser), near the northern border of Sudan ...

Early Dynastic Period

* c. 3100 BCE Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt * c. 3050 BCE Hor-Aha, the second pharaoh of Egypt, led a campaign against the Nubians. * c. 2890 BCE After the death of

Qa'a Qa'a (also Qáa or Ka'a) (literal meaning: "his arm is raised") was the last king of the First Dynasty of Egypt. He reigned for 33 years at the end of the 30th century BC. Identity Manetho calls Qa'a Biénechês and gives him a reign of 26 y ...

, the last pharaoh of the

First Dynasty of Egypt The First Dynasty of ancient Egypt (Dynasty I) covers the first series of Egyptian kings to rule over a unified Egypt. It immediately follows the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, possibly by Narmer, and marks the beginning of the Early Dyn ...

, a short war may have occurred for the throne, ending with the accession of

Hotepsekhemwy Hotepsekhemwy is the Horus name of an early Egyptian king who was the founder of the Second Dynasty of Egypt. The exact length of his reign is not known; the Turin canon suggests an improbable 95 yearsAlan H. Gardiner: ''The royal canon of Turin ...

. * c. 2690 BCE

Khasekhemwy Khasekhemwy (ca. 2690 BC; ', also rendered ''Kha-sekhemui'') was the last Pharaoh of the Second Dynasty of Egypt. Little is known about him, other than that he led several significant military campaigns and built the mudbrick fort known as Shune ...

reunited

Upper Egypt Upper Egypt ( ar, صعيد مصر ', shortened to , , locally: ; ) is the southern portion of Egypt and is composed of the lands on both sides of the Nile that extend upriver from Lower Egypt in the north to Nubia in the south. In ancient ...

and

Lower Egypt Lower Egypt ( ar, مصر السفلى '; ) is the northernmost region of Egypt, which consists of the fertile Nile Delta between Upper Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea, from El Aiyat, south of modern-day Cairo, and Dahshur. Historically, ...

Old Kingdom In ancient Egyptian history, the Old Kingdom is the period spanning c. 2700–2200 BC. It is also known as the "Age of the Pyramids" or the "Age of the Pyramid Builders", as it encompasses the reigns of the great pyramid-builders of the Fourth ...

* c. 2670 BCE

Djoser Djoser (also read as Djeser and Zoser) was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the 3rd Dynasty during the Old Kingdom, and was the founder of that epoch. He is also known by his Hellenized names Tosorthros (from Manetho) and Sesorthos (from Euseb ...

, the first pharaoh of the

Third Dynasty of Egypt The Third Dynasty of ancient Egypt (Dynasty III) is the first dynasty of the Old Kingdom. Other dynasties of the Old Kingdom include the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth. The capital during the period of the Old Kingdom was at Memphis. Overview Af ...

dispatched several military expeditions to the

Sinai Peninsula The Sinai Peninsula, or simply Sinai (now usually ) (, , cop, Ⲥⲓⲛⲁ), is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia. It is between the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the south, and is a l ...

First Intermediate Period The First Intermediate Period, described as a 'dark period' in ancient Egyptian history, spanned approximately 125 years, c. 2181–2055 BC, after the end of the Old Kingdom. It comprises the Seventh (although this is mostly considered spurious ...

* c. 2150 BCE The 4.2 kiloyear event triggered famines, social disorder, and fragmentation. * c. 2140 BCE During the reign of the pharaoh

Neferkare III Neferkare Neby (also Neferkare III) was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the Seventh or Eighth Dynasty during the early First Intermediate Period (2181–2055 BC).Darrell D. Baker, ''The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I – Predynastic to t ...

, the

nomarch A nomarch ( grc, νομάρχης, egy, ḥrj tp ꜥꜣ Great Chief) was a provincial governor in ancient Egypt; the country was divided into 42 provinces, called nomes (singular , plural ). A nomarch was the government official responsib ...

of Hieraconopolis

Ankhtifi Ankhtifi (or Ankhtify) was a nomarch of Hierakonpolis and a supporter of the pharaoh in Herakleopolis Magna (10th Dynasty), which was locked in a conflict with the Theban based 11th Dynasty kingdom for control of Egypt. Hence, Ankhtifi was possib ...

, led a coalition of his nome and

Edfu Edfu ( egy, bḥdt, ar, إدفو , ; also spelt Idfu, or in modern French as Edfou) is an Egyptian city, located on the west bank of the Nile River between Esna and Aswan, with a population of approximately sixty thousand people. Edfu is the site ...

against Thebes. * c. 2120 BCE

Mentuhotep I Mentuhotep (also Montuhotep) is an ancient Egyptian name meaning "''Montu is satisfied''" and may refer to: Kings * Mentuhotep I, nomarch at Thebes during the First Intermediate Period and first king of the 11th Dynasty * Mentuhotep II, reunifie ...

and Sehertawy Intef I * c. 2075 BCE Akhtoy Nebkaure sacked

Thinis Thinis (Greek: Θίνις ''Thinis'', Θίς ''This'' ; Egyptian: Tjenu; cop, Ⲧⲓⲛ; ar, ثينيس) was the capital city of the first dynasties of ancient Egypt. Thinis remains undiscovered but is well attested by ancient writers, includ ...

Middle Kingdom

* c. 2061 - c. 2010 BCE Campaigns of

Mentuhotep II Mentuhotep II ( egy, Mn- ṯw-ḥtp, meaning " Mentu is satisfied"), also known under his prenomen Nebhepetre ( egy, Nb- ḥpt- Rˁ, meaning "The Lord of the rudder is Ra"), was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh, the sixth ruler of the Eleventh Dyn ...

* c. 1900 BCE

Senusret I Senusret I (Middle Egyptian: z-n-wsrt; /suʀ nij ˈwas.ɾiʔ/) also anglicized as Sesostris I and Senwosret I, was the second pharaoh of the Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt. He ruled from 1971 BC to 1926 BC (1920 BC to 1875 BC), and was one of the most ...

conquest of

Lower Nubia Lower Nubia is the northernmost part of Nubia, roughly contiguous with the modern Lake Nasser, which submerged the historical region in the 1960s with the construction of the Aswan High Dam. Many ancient Lower Nubian monuments, and all its modern p ...

* c. 1880 BCE

Amenemhat II Nubkaure Amenemhat II, also known as Amenemhet II, was the third pharaoh of the 12th Dynasty of ancient Egypt. Although he ruled for at least 35 years, his reign is rather obscure, as well as his family relationships. Family Archaeological fi ...

, looted two cities in Asia * c. 1860-1850 BCE

Senusret III Khakaure Senusret III (also written as Senwosret III or the hellenised form, Sesostris III) was a pharaoh of Egypt. He ruled from 1878 BC to 1839 BC during a time of great power and prosperity, and was the fifth king of the Twelfth Dynasty of the ...

, four campaigns to

Nubia Nubia () (Nobiin: Nobīn, ) is a region along the Nile river encompassing the area between the first cataract of the Nile (just south of Aswan in southern Egypt) and the confluence of the Blue and White Niles (in Khartoum in central Sudan), or ...

, one campaign to the Southern

Levant The Levant () is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean region of Western Asia. In its narrowest sense, which is in use today in archaeology and other cultural contexts, it is eq ...

* c. 1850 BCE

Amenemhat III :''See Amenemhat, for other individuals with this name.'' Amenemhat III ( Ancient Egyptian: ''Ỉmn-m-hꜣt'' meaning 'Amun is at the forefront'), also known as Amenemhet III, was a pharaoh of ancient Egypt and the sixth king of the Twelfth Dy ...

, short Nubian campaign * c. 1705 BCE - c. 1648 BCE Continuation of 14th dynasty rule in the Nile River Delta region until 1650 BCE when the

Hyksos Hyksos (; Egyptian '' ḥqꜣ(w)- ḫꜣswt'', Egyptological pronunciation: ''hekau khasut'', "ruler(s) of foreign lands") is a term which, in modern Egyptology, designates the kings of the Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt (fl. c. 1650–1550 BC). T ...

Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt The Fifteenth Dynasty was a foreign dynasty of ancient Egypt. It was founded by Salitis, a Hyksos from West Asia whose people had invaded the country and conquered Lower Egypt. The 15th, 16th, and 17th Dynasties of ancient Egypt are often combin ...

conquered the Delta.

Second Intermediate Period The Second Intermediate Period marks a period when ancient Egypt fell into disarray for a second time, between the end of the Middle Kingdom and the start of the New Kingdom. The concept of a "Second Intermediate Period" was coined in 1942 by ...

* c. 1649 BCE - c. 1600 BCE the

progress south conquering

Middle Egypt Middle Egypt () is the section of land between Lower Egypt (the Nile Delta) and Upper Egypt, stretching upstream from Asyut in the south to Memphis in the north. At the time, Ancient Egypt was divided into Lower and Upper Egypt, though Middle E ...

, then controlled by the Abydos Dynasty or the 16th Dynasty * c. 1629 BCE - c. 1628 BCE

Neferhotep III Sekhemre Sankhtawy Neferhotep III Iykhernofret was the third or fourth ruler of the Theban 16th Dynasty, reigning after Sobekhotep VIII according to Egyptologists Kim Ryholt and Darrell Baker.Darrell D. Baker: The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Vo ...

in a defensive war against the Hyksos

* c. 1582 BCE Final Theban offensive of Hyksos who conquer Thebes, ending the 16th Dynasty * c. 1560 BCE - c. 1540 BCE The

Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt The Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XVII, alternatively 17th Dynasty or Dynasty 17) was a dynasty of pharaohs that ruled in Upper Egypt during the late Second Intermediate Period, approximately from 1580 to 1550 BC. Its mainly Theba ...

at war with the Hyksos

New Kingdom of Egypt The New Kingdom, also referred to as the Egyptian Empire, is the period in ancient Egyptian history between the sixteenth century BC and the eleventh century BC, covering the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth dynasties of Egypt. Radioca ...

* c. 1550 Pharaoh Ahmosis I launches an invasion on the Hyksos in Upper and Lower Egypt. A new era in Ancient Egyptian history: the New Kingdom under the rule of the 18th dynasty. * c. 1282 BCE Seti's military campaigns * 1206 BCE - c. 1150 BCE

Bronze Age collapse The Late Bronze Age collapse was a time of widespread societal collapse during the 12th century BC, between c. 1200 and 1150. The collapse affected a large area of the Eastern Mediterranean (North Africa and Southeast Europe) and the Near Ea ...

causes the collapse of the New Kingdom of Egypt and subsequent attacks from Libyans, with associated people of

Ekwesh The Achaeans (; el, Ἀχαιοί, ''Akhaioi'') were one of the four major tribes into which the Greeks divided themselves (along with the Aeolians, Ionians and Dorians). According to the foundation myth formalized by Hesiod, their name comes fro ...

Shekelesh The Shekelesh (Egyptian language: ''šꜣkrwšꜣꜣ'' or ''šꜣꜣkrwšꜣꜣ'') were one of the several ethnic groups the Sea Peoples were said to be composed of, appearing in fragmentary historical and iconographic records in ancient Egyptian f ...

Lukka The term Lukka lands (sometimes Luqqa lands), in Hittite language texts from the 2nd millennium BC, is a collective term for states formed by the Lukka people in south-west Anatolia (modern-day Turkey). The Lukka were never subjugated long-term by ...

Shardana The Sherden (Egyptian: ''šrdn'', ''šꜣrdꜣnꜣ'' or ''šꜣrdynꜣ'', Ugaritic: ''šrdnn(m)'' and ''trtn(m)'', possibly Akkadian: ''še-er-ta-an-nu''; also glossed “Shardana” or “Sherdanu”) are one of the several ethnic groups the Sea P ...

, and Tursha. A second attack during the reign of

Ramesses III Usermaatre Meryamun Ramesses III (also written Ramses and Rameses) was the second Pharaoh of the Twentieth Dynasty in Ancient Egypt. He is thought to have reigned from 26 March 1186 to 15 April 1155 BC and is considered to be the last great monar ...

involved

Peleset The Peleset (Egyptian: ''pwrꜣsꜣtj'') or Pulasati were one of the several ethnic groups the Sea Peoples were said to be composed of, appearing in fragmentary historical and iconographic records in ancient Egyptian from the Eastern Mediterranea ...

Tjeker The Tjeker or Tjekker (Egyptian: ''ṯꜣkꜣr'' or ''ṯꜣkkꜣr'') were one of the Sea Peoples. Known mainly from the " Story of Wenamun", the Tjeker are also documented earlier, at Medinet Habu, as raiders defeated by Pharaoh Ramesses III of ...

, Shardana and

Denyen The Denyen (Egyptian: ''dꜣjnjnjw'') is purported to be one of the groups constituting the Sea Peoples. Origin They are mentioned in the Amarna letters from the 14th century BC as possibly being related to the "Land of the Danuna" near Ugarit. ...

. ** c. 1178 BCE Egyptian-Sea People wars *** c. 1178 BCE

Battle of the Delta The Battle of the Delta was a sea battle between Egypt and the Sea Peoples, circa 1175 BCE, when the Egyptian pharaoh Ramesses III repulsed a major sea invasion. The conflict occurred on the shores of the eastern Nile Delta and on the border of th ...

*** c. 1178 BCE

Battle of Djahy The Battle of Djahy was a major land battle between the forces of pharaoh Ramesses III and the Sea Peoples who intended to invade and conquer Egypt. The conflict occurred on the Egyptian Empire's easternmost frontier in Djahy or modern-day souther ...

Third Intermediate Period The Third Intermediate Period of ancient Egypt began with the death of Pharaoh Ramesses XI in 1077 BC, which ended the New Kingdom, and was eventually followed by the Late Period. Various points are offered as the beginning for the latt ...

* 925 BCE Battle of Bitter Lakes * 752-721 BCE Conquest of Egypt * 671 BCE Assyrian invasion of Egypt led by

Esarhaddon Esarhaddon, also spelled Essarhaddon, Assarhaddon and Ashurhaddon (Neo-Assyrian cuneiform: , also , meaning " Ashur has given me a brother"; Biblical Hebrew: ''ʾĒsar-Ḥaddōn'') was the king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from the death of his ...

* 664 BCE Sack of Thebes led by

Ashurbanipal Ashurbanipal (Neo-Assyrian language, Neo-Assyrian cuneiform: , meaning "Ashur (god), Ashur is the creator of the heir") was the king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from 669 BCE to his death in 631. He is generally remembered as the last great king o ...

Late Period

* 530-522 BCE Campaigns of King

Cambyses II Cambyses II ( peo, 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹 ''Kabūjiya'') was the second King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire from 530 to 522 BC. He was the son and successor of Cyrus the Great () and his mother was Cassandane. Before his accession, Cambyses ...

of Persia ** 525 BCE

Battle of Pelusium The Battle of Pelusium was the first major battle between the Achaemenid Empire and Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt, Egypt. This decisive battle transferred the throne of the Pharaohs to Cambyses II of Persia, marking the beginning of the Achaemenid ...

* 522-520 BCE Rebellion of

Petubastis III Seheruibre Padibastet (Ancient Egyptian: ''shrw- jb- rꜥ pꜣ-dj-bꜣstt'') better known by his Hellenised name Petubastis III (or IV, depending on the scholars) was a native ancient Egyptian ruler (ruled c. 522 – 520 BC), who revolted ag ...

* 480s BCE Rebellion of Psamtik IV * 460-454 BCE Rebellion of

Inaros II Inaros (II), also known as Inarus, (fl. ca. 460 BC) was an Egyptian rebel ruler who was the son of an Egyptian prince named Psamtik, presumably of the old Saite line, and grandson of Psamtik III. In 460 BC, he revolted against the Persians with ...

** 459 BCE Battle of Papremis * 411 BCE

Amyrtaeus Amyrtaeus ( , a Hellenization of the original Egyptian name Amenirdisu) of Sais, is the only pharaoh of the Twenty-eighth Dynasty of EgyptCimmino 2003, p. 385. and is thought to be related to the royal family of the Twenty-sixth Dynasty (664–52 ...

revolted against

Darius II Darius II ( peo, 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 ; grc-gre, Δαρεῖος ), also known by his given name Ochus ( ), was King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire from 423 BC to 405 or 404 BC. Artaxerxes I, who died in 424 BC, was followed by h ...

of the

Achaemenid Empire The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire (; peo, 𐎧𐏁𐏂, , ), also called the First Persian Empire, was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC. Based in Western Asia, it was contemporarily the largest em ...

and regained Egyptian indepdence * 385-383 BCE A Persian invasion of Egypt was repelled by King

Hakor Hakor or Hagar, also known by the hellenized forms Achoris or Hakoris, was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the 29th Dynasty. His reign marks the apex of this feeble and short-lived dynasty, having ruled for 13 years – more than half of its enti ...

* 374-373 BCE A Persian invasion of Egypt was repelled by King

Nectanebo I Nectanebo I (Egyptian: ; grc-gre, Νεκτάνεβις ; died 361/60 BCE) was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh, founder of the last native dynasty of Egypt, the 30th. Name Nectanebo's Egyptian personal name was Nḫt-nb.f, which means "the strong ...

* 343 BCE Second Achaemenid conquest of Egypt * 335-323 BCE

Wars of Alexander the Great The wars of Alexander the Great were a series of conquests that were carried out by Alexander III of Macedon from 336 BC to 323 BC. They began with battles against the Achaemenid Persian Empire, then under the rule of Darius III of Persia. ...

** 333 BCE Pelusium opened its gates to Alexander the Great, who placed a garrison in it under the command of an officer entitled Companion of the King.

Ptolemaic Kingdom

* 173 BCE

Antiochus Epiphanes Antiochus is a Greek male first name, which was a dynastic name for rulers of the Seleucid Empire and the Kingdom of Commagene. In Jewish historical memory, connected with the Maccabean Revolt and the holiday of Hanukkah, "Antiochus" refers spec ...

defeated the troops of Ptolemy Philometor * 55 BCE

Mark Antony Marcus Antonius (14 January 1 August 30 BC), commonly known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the autoc ...

defeated the Egyptian army and made himself master of the city * 10 January 49 BCE - 17 March 45 BCE

Caesar's Civil War Caesar's civil war (49–45 BC) was one of the last politico-military conflicts of the Roman Republic before its reorganization into the Roman Empire. It began as a series of political and military confrontations between Gaius Julius Caesar and ...

** 48-47 BCE Siege of Alexandria ** 47 BCE

Battle of the Nile The Battle of the Nile (also known as the Battle of Aboukir Bay; french: Bataille d'Aboukir) was a major naval battle fought between the British Royal Navy and the Navy of the French Republic at Aboukir Bay on the Mediterranean coast off the ...

* 32 BCE - August 30 BCE

Final War of the Roman Republic The War of Actium (32–30 BC) was the last civil war of the Roman Republic, fought between Mark Antony (assisted by Cleopatra and by extension Ptolemaic Egypt) and Octavian. In 32 BC, Octavian convinced the Roman Senate to declare war on the E ...

** 31 July - 1 August 30 BCE Battle of Alexandria

Roman Province of Egypt , conventional_long_name = Roman Egypt , common_name = Egypt , subdivision = Province , nation = the Roman Empire , era = Late antiquity , capital = Alexandria , title_leader = Praefectus Augustalis , image_map = Roman E ...

* 115-117 CE

Kitos War The Kitos War (115–117; he, מרד הגלויות, mered ha-galuyot, or ''mered ha-tfutzot''; "rebellion of the diaspora" la, Tumultus Iudaicus) was one of the major Jewish–Roman wars (66–136). The rebellions erupted in 115, when most o ...

Byzantine Diocese of Egypt The Diocese of Egypt ( la, Dioecesis Aegypti; el, Διοίκησις Αἰγύπτου) was a diocese of the later Roman Empire (from 395 the Eastern Roman Empire), incorporating the provinces of Egypt and Cyrenaica. Its capital was at Alexandr ...

* 618-621 CE

Sassanid conquest of Egypt The Sasanian conquest of Egypt took place between 618 and 621 CE, when the Sasanian Persian army defeated the Byzantine forces in Egypt and occupied the province. The fall of Alexandria, the capital of Roman Egypt, marked the first and most imp ...

** 619 CE Siege of Alexandria

Rashidun Caliphate The Rashidun Caliphate ( ar, اَلْخِلَافَةُ ٱلرَّاشِدَةُ, al-Khilāfah ar-Rāšidah) was the first caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was ruled by the first four successive caliphs of Muhammad after his ...

* 639-642 CE

Muslim conquest of Egypt The Muslim conquest of Egypt, led by the army of 'Amr ibn al-'As, took place between 639 and 646 AD and was overseen by the Rashidun Caliphate. It ended the seven-century-long period of Roman Egypt, Roman reign over Egypt that began in 30 BC. ...

** 6 July 640 CE

Battle of Heliopolis The Battle of Heliopolis or Ayn Shams was a decisive battle between Arab Muslim armies and Byzantine forces for the control of Egypt. Though there were several major skirmishes after this battle, it effectively decided the fate of the Byzantin ...

** 641 CE Siege of Alexandria ** 646 CE

Battle of Nikiou The Battle of Nikiou was a battle between Arab Muslim troops under General Amr ibn al-A'as and the Byzantine Empire in Egypt in May of 646. Overview Following their victory at the Battle of Heliopolis in July 640, and the subsequent capitulation ...

Abbasid Caliphate The Abbasid Caliphate ( or ; ar, الْخِلَافَةُ الْعَبَّاسِيَّة, ') was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib ...

* 809-827 CE

Great Abbasid Civil War The Fourth Fitna or Great Abbasid Civil War resulted from the conflict between the brothers al-Amin and al-Ma'mun over the succession to the throne of the Abbasid Caliphate. Their father, Caliph Harun al-Rashid, had named al-Amin as the first su ...

Ayyubid Dynasty The Ayyubid dynasty ( ar, الأيوبيون '; ) was the founding dynasty of the medieval Sultan of Egypt, Sultanate of Egypt established by Saladin in 1171, following his abolition of the Fatimid Caliphate, Fatimid Caliphate of Egypt. A Sunni ...

* 1171-1172 CE

Ayyubids The Ayyubid dynasty ( ar, الأيوبيون '; ) was the founding dynasty of the medieval Sultanate of Egypt established by Saladin in 1171, following his abolition of the Fatimid Caliphate of Egypt. A Sunni Muslim of Kurdish origin, Saladin h ...

Conquest of North Africa and Nubia * 1095-1272 CE

The Crusades The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period. The best known of these Crusades are those to the Holy Land in the period between 1095 and 1291 that were i ...

** 1213-1221 CE

Fifth Crusade The Fifth Crusade (1217–1221) was a campaign in a series of Crusades by Western Europeans to reacquire Jerusalem and the rest of the Holy Land by first conquering Egypt, ruled by the powerful Ayyubid sultanate, led by al-Adil, brother of Sala ...

*** 1218-1219 CE Siege of Damietta *** 29 August 1219 CE Battle of Fariskur ** 1248-1254 CE Seventh Crusade *** 6 June 1249 CE Siege of Damietta *** 8 February 1250 CE - 11 February 1250 CE Battle of Al Mansurah *** 6 April 1250 CE Battle of Fariskur

Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt The Mamluk Sultanate ( ar, سلطنة المماليك, translit=Salṭanat al-Mamālīk), also known as Mamluk Egypt or the Mamluk Empire, was a state that ruled Egypt, the Levant and the Hejaz (western Arabia) from the mid-13th to early 16th ...

* 9–12 October 1365 CE

Alexandrian Crusade The brief Alexandrian Crusade, also called the sack of Alexandria, occurred in October 1365 and was led by Peter I of Cyprus against Alexandria in Egypt. Although often referred to as and counted among the Crusades, it was relatively devoid of re ...

Eyalet of Egypt The Eyalet of Egypt (, ) operated as an administrative division of the Ottoman Empire from 1517 to 1867. It originated as a result of the conquest of Mamluk Egypt by the Ottomans in 1517, following the Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–17) and the a ...

* 1538-1557 CE Ottoman-Portuguese conflicts * 20 April 1792 - 25 March 1802 CE

French Revolutionary Wars The French Revolutionary Wars (french: Guerres de la Révolution française) were a series of sweeping military conflicts lasting from 1792 until 1802 and resulting from the French Revolution. They pitted French First Republic, France against Ki ...

** May–December 1798 CE Mediterranean campaign *** 1798-1801 CE

French campaign in Egypt and Syria The French campaign in Egypt and Syria (1798–1801) was Napoleon Bonaparte's campaign in the Ottoman territories of Egypt and Syria, proclaimed to defend French trade interests, to establish scientific enterprise in the region. It was the ...

**** 13 July 1798 CE

Battle of Shubra Khit The Battle of Shubra Khit, also known as the Battle of Chobrakit, was the first major engagement of Napoleon's campaign in Egypt that took place on 13 July, 1798. On their march to Cairo, the French army encountered an Ottoman army consisting of ...

**** 21 July 1798 CE

Battle of the Pyramids The Battle of the Pyramids, also known as the Battle of Embabeh, was a major engagement fought on 21 July 1798, during the French Invasion of Egypt. The battle took place near the village of Embabeh, across the Nile River from Cairo, but was ...

**** 1–3 August 1798 CE

**** 21 October 1798

Revolt of Cairo The Revolt of Cairo was a revolt that occurred on 21–22 October 1798 by the citizens of Cairo against the French occupation of Egypt led by Napoleon Bonaparte.Chandler, p. 230. The revolt In 1798, Napoleon led the French army into Egypt, swi ...

**** 25 July 1799 CE Battle of Abukir **** 19 February 1799 CE

Siege of El Arish The siege of El Arish was a successful siege by French forces under Napoleon Bonaparte against Ottoman forces under Mustafa Pasha. The French army, commanded by Jean Baptiste Kléber and Jean Reynier laid siege to the fortress of El Arish for n ...

**** 20 March 1800 CE

**** 8 March 1801 CE Battle of Abukir **** 13 March 1801 CE

Battle of Mandora The Battle of Mandora was a minor battle fought on 13 March 1801 between French forces under François Lanusse and the British expeditionary corps under Ralph Abercromby, during the French campaign in Egypt and Syria. Background The British arm ...

**** 21 March 1801 CE Battle of Alexandria **** 17 August - 2 September 1801 CE Siege of Alexandria * 18 May 1803 CE - 20 November 1815 CE

Napoleonic Wars The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European states formed into various coalitions. It produced a period of Fren ...

** 1807-1809 CE Anglo-Turkish War *** 1807 CE Alexandria expedition

Khedivate of Egypt The Khedivate of Egypt ( or , ; ota, خدیویت مصر ') was an autonomous tributary state of the Ottoman Empire, established and ruled by the Muhammad Ali Dynasty following the defeat and expulsion of Napoleon Bonaparte's forces which brou ...

* 1882 CE

Anglo-Egyptian War The British conquest of Egypt (1882), also known as Anglo-Egyptian War (), occurred in 1882 between Egyptian and Sudanese forces under Ahmed ‘Urabi and the United Kingdom. It ended a nationalist uprising against the Khedive Tewfik Pasha. It ...

** 11–13 July 1882 CE

Bombardment of Alexandria The Bombardment of Alexandria in Egypt by the British Mediterranean Fleet took place on 11–13 July 1882. Admiral Beauchamp Seymour was in command of a fleet of fifteen Royal Navy ironclad ships which had previously sailed to the harbor of ...

** June–July 1882 CE Egyptian Expedition ** 1882 CE Battle of

Kassassin Kassassin ( ar, القصاصين) is a village of Lower Egypt by rail west of Ismailia, a major city on the Suez Canal. Battle of Kassassin Lock At the Sweet Water Canal, on August 28, 1882 the British force was attacked by the Egyptians, le ...

** 1882 CE Battle of Kafr el-Dawwar ** 13 September 1882 CE

Battle of Tel al-Kebir The Battle of Tel El Kebir (often spelled Tel-El-Kebir) was fought on 13 September 1882 at Tell El Kebir in Egypt, 110 km north-north-east of Cairo. An entrenched Egyptian force under the command of Ahmed ʻUrabi was defeated by a British a ...

* 1881-1899 CE

Mahdist War The Mahdist War ( ar, الثورة المهدية, ath-Thawra al-Mahdiyya; 1881–1899) was a war between the Mahdist Sudanese of the religious leader Muhammad Ahmad bin Abd Allah, who had proclaimed himself the "Mahdi" of Islam (the "Guided On ...

** 3 August 1889 CE Battle of Toski

Sultanate of Egypt

* 28 July 1914 - 11 November 1918

** 29 October 1914 - 30 October 1918 Middle Eastern theatre of World War I *** 28 January 1915 - 30 October 1918 Sinai and Palestine campaign, Sinai and Palestine Campaign **** 26 January - 4 February 1915 Raid on the Suez Canal **** 23 April 1916 Battle of Katia **** 3–5 August 1916 Battle of Romani **** 23 December 1916 Battle of Magdhaba **** 9 January 1917 Battle of Rafa **** 13–21 February 1917 Raid on Nekhl

Kingdom of Egypt

* 1 September 1939 - 2 September 1945 World War II ** 10 June 1940 - 2 May 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II *** 10 June 1940 - 13 May 1943 North African campaign, North African Campaign **** 11 June 1940 - 4 February 1943 Western Desert campaign, Western Desert Campaign ***** 9–16 September 1940 Italian invasion of Egypt ***** 9 December 1940 - 9 February 1941 Operation Compass ***** 4 February 1942 Abdeen Palace incident of 1942, Abdeen Palace Incident ***** 1–27 July 1942 First Battle of El Alamein ***** 30 August - 5 September 1942 Battle of Alam el Halfa, Battle of Alam Halfa ***** 11 October - 23 November 1942 Second Battle of El Alamein * 15 May 1948 - 10 March 1949 Arab-Israeli War of 1948, Arab-Israeli War ** December 1948 - January 1949 Battles of the Sinai (1948), Battles of the Sinai

Egypt, Republic of Egypt

* 23 July 1952 Egyptian revolution of 1952, Egyptian Revolution * 2–3 November 1955 Operation Volcano (Israeli raid) * 29 October - 7 November 1956 Suez Crisis ** October 1956 Operation Musketeer (1956), Operation Musketeer ** 1956 Operation Telescope ** 1956 Battle of Suez

Egypt, Arab Republic of Egypt

* 5–11 June 1967 Six-Day War ** 5–6 June 1967 Battle of Abu-Ageila (1967), Battle of Abu-Ageila ** 8 June 1967 USS Liberty incident * 1 July 1967 - 7 August 1970 War of Attrition ** 11 July 1967 Battle of Rumani Coast ** 19 July 1969 Operation Bulmus 6 ** 20 July 1969 - 28 July 1969 Operation Boxer ** 26–27 December 1969 Operation Rooster 53 ** 7 January - 13 April 1970 Operation Priha ** 22 January 1970 Operation Rhodes ** 30 July 1970 Operation Rimon 20 * 6–25 October 1973 Yom Kippur War, Yom Kipppur War ** 6–8 October 1973 Operation Badr (1973), Operation Badr ** 6 October 1973 Battles of Fort Budapest ** 6 October 1973 Battle of Fort Lahtzanit ** 6 October 1973 Ofira Air Battle ** 6–7 October 1973 Battle of El Qantarah ** 7 October 1973 Romani ambush ** 7 October 1973 Battle of Marsa Talamat ** 7 October 1973 Operation Tagar ** 7–8 October 1973 Battle of the Moses Eyes Fortress ** 8 October 1973 Battle of Firdan ** 8–9 October 1973 Battle of Baltim ** 14 October 1973 Battle of the Sinai (1973), Battle of the Sinai ** 14 October 1973 Air battle of Mansoura, Air Battle of El Mansoura ** 15 October 1973 - 17 October 1973 Battle of the Chinese Farm ** 16 October 1973 1973 raid on Egyptian missile bases, Raid on Egyptian missile bases ** 17 October 1973 Egyptian 25th Brigade ambush ** 18 October 1973 Battle of Ismailia ** 22 October 1973 October 22 Scud missile attack, Scud missile attack ** 24–25 October 1973 Battle of Suez * 21–24 July 1977 Egyptian–Libyan War, Libyan-Egyptian War * 25 January 2011 2011 Egyptian revolution, 2011 Egyptian Revolution and Aftermath * 23 February 2011 - ''ongoing'' Sinai insurgency * 22 November 2012 - 3 July 2013 2012–2013 Egyptian protests, Egyptian protests * 3 July 2013 Post-coup unrest in Egypt (2013–2014), Political violence in Egypt * 16 February 2015 - ''ongoing'' February 2015 Egyptian airstrikes in Libya, Intervention in Libya * 25 March 2015 - ''ongoing'' Saudi Arabian–led intervention in Yemen, Intervention in Yemen

Iran

History of Sumer#Early Dynastic period, Early Dynastic Period of Sumer

* c. 2800 BCE – c. 2500 BCE Gilgamesh of Uruk killed the List of rulers of Elam, Elamite ruler Humbaba * c. 2500 BCE Enmebaragesi of Kish (Sumer), Kish subdued Elam

List of kings of Babylon#Dynasty IV of Babylon, from Isin, Fourth Babylonian Dynasty

* c. 1125–1104 BCE (Short chronology) Nebuchadnezzar I of Isin's Nebuchadnezzar I#War with Elam, War with Elam

Achaemenid Empire The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire (; peo, 𐎧𐏁𐏂, , ), also called the First Persian Empire, was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC. Based in Western Asia, it was contemporarily the largest em ...

* 559–530 BCE Cyrus the Great#Rise and military campaigns, Campaigns of Cyrus the Great ** 552 BCE Persian Revolt Median Empire

** 552 BCE Battle of Hyrba ** 551 BCE Battle of the Persian Border ** 550 BCE Pasargadae#History, Battle of Pasargadae

Macedonian Empire

* 335–323 BCE

** January 20, 330 BCE Battle of the Persian Gate

Seleucid Empire

* 322–275 BCE Wars of the Diadochi ** 317 BCE Battle of Paraitacene ** Winter 316 BCE Battle of Gabiene Diadochen1

Parthian Empire

* 238–129 BCE Seleucid–Parthian wars ** 238 BCE Parni conquest of Parthia ** 129 BCE Battle of Ecbatana * 66 BCE – 217 Roman–Parthian Wars ** 40–33 BCE Antony's Parthian War ** 161–166 Roman–Parthian War of 161–166, Roman–Parthian War ** 217 CE Battle of Nisibis (217), Battle of Nisibis

Sasanian Empire

* April 24, 224 Parthian–Sasanian War * 502–628 Byzantine–Sasanian wars ** 440 Byzantine–Sasanian War of 440, Byzantine–Sasanian War ** 572–591 Byzantine–Sasanian War of 572–591, Byzantine–Sasanian War *** August 591 Battle of Blarathon * 633–644 Muslim conquest of Persia ** 642 Battle of Nahāvand

Rashidun Caliphate The Rashidun Caliphate ( ar, اَلْخِلَافَةُ ٱلرَّاشِدَةُ, al-Khilāfah ar-Rāšidah) was the first caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was ruled by the first four successive caliphs of Muhammad after his ...

Mohammad adil-Rashidun-empire-at-its-peak-close

* 656–661 First Fitna

Umayyad Caliphate

* 680–692 Second Fitna * 743–750 Third Fitna

Abbasid Caliphate The Abbasid Caliphate ( or ; ar, الْخِلَافَةُ الْعَبَّاسِيَّة, ') was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib ...

* 809–827 Fourth Fitna

Qajar dynasty

* 1911-1913 Revolt of Salar-al-Daulah * 1914-1918

** 1914-1918 Persian campaign (World War I), Persian Campaign

Pahlavi dynasty

* 1918-''ongoing'' Kurdish–Iranian conflict ** 1918 Simko Shikak revolt ** 1926 1926 Shikak revolt ** 1929 Jafar Sultan revolt ** 1941-1944 Hama Rashid revolt ** 1945-1926 Iran crisis of 1946 ** 1967 1967 Kurdish revolt in Iran * 1922–2022 Arab separatism in Khuzestan ** 1922–1924 Sheikh Khazal rebellion * 1939–1945 World War II ** 1941 Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran * 1963–1976 Dhofar Rebellion

Islamic Republic of Iran

* 1979 Iranian Revolution ** 1979-1983 Consolidation of the Iranian Revolution ** 1979-1981 Iran Hostage Crisis * 1922–2022 Arab separatism in Khuzestan ** 1979 1979 Khuzestan insurgency ** 2005 2005 Ahvaz unrest ** 2005–2006 2005-06 Ahvaz bombings ** 2011 2011 Khuzestan protests ** 2018 Ahvaz military parade attack * 1918–''ongoing'' Kurdish–Iranian conflict ** 1979 1979 Kurdish rebellion in Iran ** 1984-1991 KDPI-Komala conflict ** 1989-1996 KDPI insurgency (1989-96) ** 2004-''ongoing'' Iran-PJAK conflict ** 2014 Mahabad riots ** 2016-''ongoing'' Western Iran clashes (2016–present) * 1980–1989 Iran-Iraq War * 1948–''ongoing '' Balochistan conflict ** 2004‐''ongoing'' Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency

Iraq

History of Sumer#Early Dynastic period, Early Dynastic Period of Sumer

* c. 2800 BCE – c. 2500 BCE Gilgamesh of Uruk killed the List of rulers of Elam, Elamite ruler Humbaba * c. 2500 BCE Enmebaragesi of Kish (Sumer), Kish subdued Elam * c. 2500 BCE Aga of Kish, Aga of Kish (Sumer), Kish, the son of Enmebaragesi of Kish (Sumer), Kish, besieged Uruk * c. 2500 BCE Enmerkar of Uruk's year-long siege of Aratta * c. 2500 BCE Dumuzid, the Fisherman, Dumuzid of Uruk captured Enmebaragesi of Kish (Sumer), Kish single-handed * c. 2500 BCE Enshakushanna of Uruk conquered Hamazi, Akkad (city), Akkad, Kish (Sumer), Kish, and Nippur, claiming hegemony over all of Sumer. Enshakushanna was succeeded in Uruk by Lugal-kinishe-dudu, but the hegemony seems to have passed to Eannatum of Lagash for a time * c. 2500 BCE Eannatum of Lagash conquered all of Sumer, including Ur, Nippur, Akshak, Larsa, and Uruk (controlled by Enshakushanna) * c. 2500 BCE En-anna-tum I of Lagash succeeded his brother Eannatum and defended Lagash against Ur-Lumma of Umma * c. 2500 BCE Entemena of Lagash succeeded his father En-anna-tum I and re-established Lagash as a power in Sumer. He defeated Illi of Umma, with the aid of Lugal-kinishe-dudu of Uruk (the successor to Enshakushanna) * c. 2500 BCE Lugal-Anne-Mundu of Adab (city), Adab subjected the "Four Quarters" of the world – i.e., the entire Fertile Crescent region, from the Mediterranean to the Zagros Mountains * c. 2295–2271 BCE (Short chronology) Lugal-zage-si of Umma conquered several of the Sumerian city-states – including Kish (Sumer), Kish, where he overthrew Ur-Zababa; Lagash, where he overthrew Urukagina; Ur, Nippur, and Larsa; as well as Uruk Umma2350

History of Sumer#Akkadian Empire, Akkadian Empire

* c. 2270–2215 BCE (Short chronology) Conquests of Sargon of Akkad Empire akkad

** 2270 BCE Battle of Uruk ** Syria and Canaan campaigns ** Akkadian Empire, Akkadian conquest of Ebla ** Magan revolt * c. 2214–2206 BCE (Short chronology) Rimush of Akkad (city), Akkad faced widespread revolts which he successfully suppressed and launched a victorious campaign against Elam and Marhasi * c. 2205–2191 BCE (Short chronology) Manishtushu of Akkad (city), Akkad conquered the city of Shirasum in Elam * c. 2190–2115 BCE (Short chronology) Naram-Sin of Akkad, Naram-Sin of Akkad (city), Akkad conquered the Lullubi and Majan (civilization), Majan * c. 2115–2090 BCE (Short chronology) Shar-Kali-Sharri of Akkad (city), Akkad launched successful campaigns against Gutium, Amurru kingdom, Amurru, and Elam, among other places * c. 2090–2087 BCE (Short chronology) After Shar-Kali-Sharri's reign, there may have been a short period of crisis or struggle between Igigi, Imi, Nanum (king), Nanum, Ilulu * c. 2087–2066 BCE (Short chronology) Dudu of Akkad, Dudu of Akkad (city), Akkad ended the period of relative anarchy * c. 2066–2051 BCE (Short chronology) Akkad (city), Akkad was conquered during the reign of Shu-turul

History of Sumer#Gutian period, Gutian period of Sumer

* c. 2002 BCE (Short chronology) Gutian people, Gutian attacks on the Akkadian Empire

History of Sumer#Fifth Dynasty of Uruk, Fifth Dynasty of Uruk

* 1945–1906 BCE Ilu-shuma of Assyria made many raids into southern Mesopotamia * c. 1886–1879 BCE (Short chronology) After defeating the Gutian people, Gutian with the aid of other cities, Utu-hengal of Uruk established himself as the king of Sumer ** c. 1886 BCE (Short chronology) Defeat of Tirigan, the last Gutian dynasty of Sumer, Gutian ruler in Sumer

History of Sumer#Third Dynasty of Ur, Neo-Sumerian Empire

* c. 1879–1861 BCE (Short chronology) Ur-Nammu of Ur conquered Lagash * c. 1861–1815 BCE (Short chronology) Shulgi of Ur destroyed Der (Sumer), Der, launched a campaign against Anshan (Persia), Anshan, and engaged in a period of expansionism at the expense of highlanders such as the Lullubi, and others * c. 1830–1817 BCE (Short chronology) The Amorite chieftain Sumu-abum won independence from the city-state Kazallu * c. 1815–1809 BCE (Short chronology) Amar-Sin of Ur launched campaigns conducted against Urbilum, and several other regions with obscure names: Shashrum, Shurudhum, Bitum-Rabium, Jabru, and Huhnuri * c. 1813–1791 BCE Shamshi-Adad I conquered Assur, Mari, Syria, Mari, Ekallatum, and Shekhna, establishing an empire encompassing the whole of northern Mesopotamia and included territory in central Mesopotamia, Asia Minor and northern Syria * c. 1800–1776 BCE (Short chronology) During the reign of Ibbi-Sin of Ur, the Sumerian empire was attacked repeatedly by Amorites and as faith in Ibbi-Sin's leadership failed, Elam declared its independence and began to raid as well ** c. 1776 BCE (Short chronology) Elamite Sack of Ur

Sumerian King List#Dynasty of Isin, Dynasty of Isin

* c. 1766 BCE (Short chronology) Ishbi-Erra of Isin reconquered much of the former heartland of Sumer and Mesopotamia, Akkad from Elam and various invaders

History of Mesopotamia#Isin-Larsa, Old Babylonian and Shamshi-Adad I, Paleo-Babylonian Empire

* c. 1752–1730 BCE (Short chronology) Damiq-ilishu of Isin, the last king on the Sumerian King List, is defeated by Sin-Muballit of Babylon * c. 1728–1686 BCE (Short chronology) Hammurabi of Babylon extended Babylon's control over Mesopotamia by winning a series of wars against neighboring kingdoms * c. 1720 BCE Puzur-Sin, an Assyrian vice regent drove out Asinum the Amorite vassal king of the Babylonians from Assyria, allowing the native Ashur-dugul to seize the throne and subsequently triggering a civil war which ended Babylonian and Amorite influence in Assyria by 1720 BCE

Babylonia#Kassite dynasty, 1595–1155 BC, Kassite period of Babylonia

* c. 1531 BCE (Short chronology) Fall of Babylon#The sack of Babylon and ancient Near East chronology, Fall of Babylon * c. 1507 BCE (Short chronology) Kassites, Kassite attacks on Babylon Kassite Babylonia EN

* c. 1232–1225 BCE (Short chronology) Tukulti-Ninurta I of Assyria defeated Kashtiliash IV, the Kassite king of Babylon and captured the city of Babylon to ensure full Assyrian supremacy over Mesopotamia * c. 1157–1155 BCE (Short chronology) Enlil-nadin-ahi, the final king of the Kassite dynasty that had ruled over Babylon, was defeated by Kutir-Nahhunte of Elam, the successor of Shutruk-Nakhunte

List of kings of Babylon#Dynasty IV of Babylon, from Isin, Fourth Babylonian Dynasty

* c. 1125–1104 BCE (Short chronology) Nebuchadnezzar I of Isin's Nebuchadnezzar I#War with Elam, War with Elam

Assyrian Empire#Middle Assyrian Empire 1392–1056 BC, Meso-Assyrian Empire

* 1114–1076 BCE Tiglath-Pileser I of Assyria launched campaigns against the Mushki, the Hittites, and the Arameans * c. 1074 BCE In the first year of the reign of the 89th List of Assyrian kings, Assyrian king Ashur-bel-kala, son of Tiglath-Pileser I, Ashur-bel-kala Ashur-bel-kala#The Broken Obelisk, campaigned in the north against the Kingdom of Urartu

Neo-Assyrian Empire

* 911–605 BCE Military history of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, Campaigns of the Neo-Assyrian Empire ** 883–859 BCE Campaigns of Ashurnasirpal II#Campaigns, Campaigns of Ashurnasirpal II ** 859–824 BCE Campaigns of Shalmaneser III#Reign, Campaigns of Shalmaneser III Map of Assyria

** 745–727 BCE Campaigns of Tiglath Pileser III#Reign, Campaigns of Tiglath-Pileser III ** 722–705 BCE Campaigns of Sargon II#Military campaigns, Campaigns of Sargon II *** 710 BCE Campaigns of Sargon II#Campaign against Babylonia, Campaign against Babylonia ** 705–681 BCE Campaigns of Sennacherib *** 703–689 BCE Campaigns of Sennacherib#War with Babylon, War with Babylon **** 693 BCE Battle of Diyala River **** 693 BCE Siege of Babylon ** 681–669 BCE Campaigns of Esarhaddon#Military campaigns, Campaigns of Esarhaddon ** 668–627 BCE Campaigns of Ashurbanipal#Military accomplishments, Campaigns of Ashurbanipal ** 627–624 BCE Ashur-Etil-Ilani#Reign, Campaigns of Ashur-etil-ilani *** 626 BCE Revolt of Babylon (626 BC), Revolt of Babylon ** 616 BCE Battle of Arrapha ** 627–624 BCE Sin-Shar-Ishkun#Early years, Campaigns of Sinsharishkun *** 626–619 BCE Sin-Shar-Ishkun#Last Strike against Babylon, Last Strike against Babylon *** 616–605 BCE Sin-Shar-Ishkun#War in the Assyrian heartlands, War in the Assyrian heartlands **** 614 BCE Fall of Assur **** 612 BCE Assur is sacked and largely destroyed during the conquest of Assyria by the Babylonians **** 612 BCE Battle of Nineveh (612 BC), Battle of Nineveh ** 627–624 BCE Sin-Shar-Ishkun#Early years, Campaigns of Sinsharishkun ** 612–609 BCE Ashur-uballit II, Campaigns of Ashur-uballit II *** 610 BCE Harran was besieged and conquered by Nabopolassar and Cyaxares *** 609 BCE Harran was briefly retaken by Ashur-uballit II and his Egyptian allies before it definitely fell to the Median Empire and Neo-Babylonian Empire *** Egyptian-Babylonian wars **** 605 BCE Battle of Carchemish

Neo-Babylonian Empire

** 627–624 BCE Ashur-Etil-Ilani#Reign, Campaigns of Ashur-etil-ilani *** 626 BCE Revolt of Babylon (626 BC), Revolt of Babylon ** 616 BCE Battle of Arrapha ** 627–624 BCE Sin-Shar-Ishkun#Early years, Campaigns of Sinsharishkun *** 626–619 BCE Sin-Shar-Ishkun#Last Strike against Babylon, Last Strike against Babylon *** 616–605 BCE Sin-Shar-Ishkun#War in the Assyrian heartlands, War in the Assyrian heartlands **** 614 BCE Fall of Assur **** 612 BCE Assur is sacked and largely destroyed during the conquest of Assyria by the Babylonians **** 612 BCE Battle of Nineveh (612 BC), Battle of Nineveh ** 627–624 BCE Sin-Shar-Ishkun#Early years, Campaigns of Sinsharishkun ** 612–609 BCE Ashur-uballit II, Campaigns of Ashur-uballit II *** 610 BCE Harran was besieged and conquered by Nabopolassar and Cyaxares *** 609 BCE Harran was briefly retaken by Ashur-uballit II and his Egyptian allies before it definitely fell to the Median Empire and Neo-Babylonian Empire *** Egyptian-Babylonian wars **** 605 BCE Battle of Carchemish

Athura, Achaemenid Province of Athura

* 559–530 BCE Cyrus the Great#Rise and military campaigns, Campaigns of Cyrus the Great ** September 25, 539 BCE – September 28, 539 BCE Battle of Opis ** October 29, 539 BCE Battle of Opis#Aftermath, Capture of Babylon