The position of Resident-Superior of Annam ( French: ''Résident supérieur de l'Annam'';

Vietnamese Vietnamese may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Vietnam, a country in Southeast Asia ** A citizen of Vietnam. See Demographics of Vietnam. * Vietnamese people, or Kinh people, a Southeast Asian ethnic group native to Vietnam ** Overse ...

: ''Khâm sứ Trung Kỳ''; Hán tự: 欽使中圻) was established on 8 April 1886 as a successor to the Resident-General of Annam and Tonkin (''résident général de l'Annam et du Tonkin'') when it was decided to have one French resident for the French protectorate of Annam and a separate one for Tonkin.Trần Gia Phụng. ''Trung Kỳ Dân biến 1908''.

Toronto Toronto ( ; or ) is the capital city of the Canadian province of Ontario. With a recorded population of 2,794,356 in 2021, it is the most populous city in Canada and the fourth most populous city in North America. The city is the anch ...

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...

, 2008. Pages: 35-40. Although the Emperors of the Nguyễn dynasty were still nominally in control of the protectorates of Annam and Tonkin, the Resident-Superior of Annam gradually gained more influence over the imperial court in

Huế Huế () is the capital of Thừa Thiên Huế province in central Vietnam and was the capital of Đàng Trong from 1738 to 1775 and of Vietnam during the Nguyễn dynasty from 1802 to 1945. The city served as the old Imperial City and admi ...

. In 1897 the Resident-Superior was granted the power to appoint the Nguyễn dynasty Emperors and presided over the meetings of the

Viện cơ mật The Viện cơ mật or "Secret Institute" (chữ Nôm: 院機密; chữ Hán: 機密院), established in 1834, was the Privy Council and key mandarin agency of the royal court of Vietnam's final Nguyễn dynasty at Huế, until the end of the dy ...

. These moves incorporated French officials directly into the administrative structure of the Imperial Huế Court and further legitimised French rule in the legislative branch of the Nguyễn government. From this period onwards any imperial edicts issued by the Emperors of Đại Nam had to be confirmed by the Resident-Suoerior of Annam giving him both legislative and executive power over the Nguyễn government. In the year 1898 the federal government of

French Indochina French Indochina (previously spelled as French Indo-China),; vi, Đông Dương thuộc Pháp, , lit. 'East Ocean under French Control; km, ឥណ្ឌូចិនបារាំង, ; th, อินโดจีนฝรั่งเศส, ...

took over the financial and property management duties of the Nguyễn dynasty's imperial court meaning that the Nguyễn dynasty Emperor (at the time

Thành Thái Thành Thái (, vi-hantu, 成泰; 14 March 1879 – 20 March 1954) born Nguyễn Phúc Bửu Lân (阮福寶嶙), was the son of Emperor Dục Đức and Empress Dowager Từ Minh. He reigned as emperor for 18 years, from 1889 to 1907. Biog ...

) became a salaried employee of the Indochinese colonial structure, reducing their power to being only a civil servant of the Protectorate government. The Resident-Superior of Annam also took over the management of provincial mandarins and was a member of the Supreme Council (''Conseil supérieur'') of the Government-General of French Indochina.

List

List of administrators of the French protectorate of Annam (Dates in italics indicate ''de facto ''continuation of office)

References

External links

World Statesmen – Annam (Vietnam)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Administrators of the French protectorate of Annam Vietnam history-related lists Annam France–Vietnam relations

List

See also

References

External links