This list contains all of the Pyrenean three-thousanders, namely the 129 mountain summits of or more above sea level in the

Pyrenees The Pyrenees (; es, Pirineos ; french: Pyrénées ; ca, Pirineu ; eu, Pirinioak ; oc, Pirenèus ; an, Pirineus) is a mountain range straddling the border of France and Spain. It extends nearly from its union with the Cantabrian Mountains to ...

, a range of mountains in southwest

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located entirel ...

that forms a

natural border A natural border is a border between states or their subdivisions which is concomitant with natural formations such as rivers or mountain ranges. The "doctrine of natural boundaries" developed in Western culture in the 18th century being based u ...

between

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...

and

Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...

. The

separate the

Iberian Peninsula The Iberian Peninsula (), ** * Aragonese and Occitan: ''Peninsula Iberica'' ** ** * french: Péninsule Ibérique * mwl, Península Eibérica * eu, Iberiar penintsula also known as Iberia, is a peninsula in southwestern Europe, def ...

from the rest of continental Europe, and extend for about from the Bay of Biscay (

Cap Higuer The Cape Higuer ( eu, Higer lurmuturra) is a cape on the Bay of Biscay standing out at the end of the mountain range Jaizkibel by the France–Spain border in the municipality of Hondarribia ( away from the town centre). The site is home to a light ...

) to the

Mediterranean Sea The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the ...

( Cap de Creus). The highest mountain in the Pyrenees is Aneto in Spain at . The summits meeting the 3,000-metre criterion were defined by a

UIAA The International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation, commonly known by its French name Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme (UIAA, lit. ''International Union of Alpine Clubs''), was founded in August 1932 in Chamonix, Franc ...

-sponsored joint Franco-Spanish team led by Juan Buyse. The UIAA list, published in 1990, also contains 83 secondary summits in addition to the 129 principal ones listed here, and divides the range into 11 zones. According to the latest surveys, three of the peaks in the original list are actually below 3000m but are still included below. The selection criteria used here are quite broad – many of the peaks included are secondary summits of major mountains. Using

prominence In topography, prominence (also referred to as autonomous height, relative height, and shoulder drop in US English, and drop or relative height in British English) measures the height of a mountain or hill's summit relative to the lowest contou ...

as a criterion, only one summit is an

ultra-prominent peak An ultra-prominent peak, or Ultra for short, is a mountain summit with a topographic prominence of or more; it is also called a P1500. The prominence of a peak is the minimum height of climb to the summit on any route from a higher peak, or fro ...

, Aneto, a further three have a prominence of 1000m ( Pico Posets, Pica d'Estats,

Vignemale The Vignemale (; Occitan: ''Vinhamala'', Aragonese: ''Comachibosa'', Catalan: ''Vinyamala''), at 3,298 metres, is the highest of the French Pyrenean summits (the highest in the whole of the range is Pic d'Aneto). It lies on the border between ...

), and five more have a prominence of over 600m. Only 17 in total have a prominence of more than 300m, commonly used as a criterion for determining an independent mountain, and are indicated in bold in the table below. 28 more have a prominence of over 100m and can be considered significant summits. All the peaks in this list are in Spain (59 peaks) or France (26 peaks), or delimit the border between the two countries (45). The two highest major mountains and their subsidiary summits (Aneto and Posets - Zone 7 and 9) are entirely in Spain, together with the Besiberri peaks (zone 10) while Pic Long and surrounding mountains (zone 5) are entirely in France. Most of the other mountains lie on or close to the border. The small country of

Andorra , image_flag = Flag of Andorra.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Andorra.svg , symbol_type = Coat of arms , national_motto = la, Virtus Unita Fortior, label=none (Latin)"United virtue is stro ...

is located in the eastern portion of the Pyrenees and is surrounded by Spain and France; its highest mountain –

Coma Pedrosa Coma Pedrosa (; ) is the highest mountain in the principality of Andorra. It is popular with mountain climbers, its ascent being technically straightforward, although strenuous. From Arinsal to Camp de Refuge (650 m climb) is considered moder ...

at – falls below the 3,000-metre threshold. The mountains are listed by height within each of the 11 zones. Pyrenees composite NASA

Table (incomplete) of Pyrenean 3000m summits

For the complete list see: Pyrenees#Highest summits Zone 1 : Balaïtous-Enfer-Argualas Zone 2 : Vignemale Zone 3 : Monte Perdido Zone 4 : La Munia Zone 5 : Néouvielle-Pic Long Zone 6 : Batoua-Batchimale Zone 7 : Posets-Eristé Zone 8 : Clarabide-Perdiguero-Boum Zone 9 : Maladeta-Aneto Zone 10 : Besiberris Zone 11 : Estats-Montcalm

References

External links

All of the summits – including secondary summits – contained in the Buyse list (in French)

Bibliography

* {{cite book, first=Tony, last=Milne, title=10 Manuels and a Manolete, year=2015, publisher=Handmaid Books, Herblay, language=English, url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/10-Manuels-Manolete-carpark---peak/dp/1507691408/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1474834144&sr=8-1&keywords=tony+milne Pyrenees, three-thousanders Pyrenees *

Table (incomplete) of Pyrenean 3000m summits

See also

References

External links

Bibliography