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Jurchens Jurchen (Manchu: ''Jušen'', ; zh, 女真, ''Nǚzhēn'', ) is a term used to collectively describe a number of East Asian Tungusic-speaking peoples, descended from the Donghu people. They lived in the northeast of China, later known as Manch ...
were a Tungusic people who inhabited the region of Manchuria (present-day Northeast China) until the 17th century, when they adopted the name '' Manchu''.


List of Jurchen chieftains during the Liao dynasty (926–1115)


"Tamed" Jurchens or Shu Jurchen (熟女眞)


"Wild" Jurchens or Sheng Jurchen (生女眞)

* Wanyan Hanpu 完顏函普 (金始祖) (941–960) * Wanyan Wulu 完顏烏魯 (金德帝) (960–962) * Wanyan Bahai 完顏跋海 (金安帝) (962–983). * Wanyan Suike 完顏綏可 (金獻祖) (983–1005): In 1003, under his leadership the Wanyan tribe united five tribes in a federation called the "Five Nations" (wuguobu 五國部: Punuli (蒲努里/蒲奴里/蒲聶), Tieli 鐵驪, Yuelidu (越裡篤國), Aolimi (奧里米國), and Puali 剖阿里國). * Wanyan Shilu 完顏石魯 (金昭祖) (1005–1021) * Wanyan Wugunai 完顏烏古迺 (金景祖) (1021–1074): Meanwhile, King Hyung ordered to continue and finish the work of building a wall ( Cheolli Jangseong) from Song-ryung Pass (in the mouth of the Yalu River ner
Uiju Ŭiju County is a kun, or county, in North Pyongan Province, North Korea. The county has an area of 420 km², and a population of 110,018 (2008 data). Name Ŭiju appears as Uiju in South Korea's Revised Romanization and as Yizhou in Chinese ...
in the west to the borders of the Jurchen tribe in the north-east around Hamheung) * Wanyan Helibo (完颜劾里钵) Shizu (金世祖) (1074–1092) * Wanyan Pochishu 完顏頗剌淑 (金肅宗) (1092–1094) * Wanyan Yingge (完颜盈歌) Muzong (金穆宗) (1094–1103) * Wanyan Wuyashu (完顏烏雅束/完颜乌雅束) Kangzong (金康宗) b. 1061 (1103–1113) * Wanyan Aguda (完颜阿骨打) Taizu (金太祖) b. 1068 (1113–1123)


The Jin dynasty (1115–1234)


List of Jurchen chieftains during the Yuan dynasty (1234–1368)


List of Jurchen chieftains during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644)


List of Jianzhou Jurchens chieftains

Located on the banks of Hun River(渾江)


Odoli Clan (1405–1616) (俄朵里 or 斡都里 or 斡朵里 or 吾都里 or 斡朵怜)

*
Bukūri Yongšon Bukūri Yongšon (; ? – ?) was a legendary ancestor of the future emperors of the Qing dynasty. Legend Bukūri Yongšon was claimed the progenitor of the Aisin Gioro clan by Hong Taiji, which would be the imperial family of China in the futur ...
(布库里雍顺) * Mengtemu (孟特穆) or Möngke Temür (童孟哥帖木兒) (1405–1433) (Temple name: Zhàozǔ 肇祖) * Cungšan (充善) b. 1419 (1433–1467) (Temple name: Chúndì 纯帝) * Fanca († 1458) * Tolo (妥罗) (1467–1481) (Temple name: Xīngdì 兴帝) * Sibeoci Fiyanggū (锡宝齐篇古) (1481–1522) (Temple name: Zhèngdì 正帝) * Fuman (福满) (1522–1542) (Temple name: Xingzu 兴祖)


Huligai Clan (胡里改) (1403–? )

* Ahacu (阿哈出) (Li Sicheng) (李思誠) († 1409–1410) * Šigiyanu 釋加奴 (Li-Hsien-chung/Li Xianzhong) (李顯忠) * Li-Man-chu (Li Manzhu (李滿住) (b. 1407 – † 1467)


The Maolian (毛憐) Jurchens (1405–?)

Synonyms: Wu-liang-ha, Orankha, Oranke (兀良哈/乙良哈) according to Korean records, Orangai (瓦爾哈;オランカイ) according to Japanese records.
Location: They settled south of the
Suifen River The Razdolnaya (russian: Раздольная, formerly: Суйфун ''Suyfun'') or Suifen () is a river in People's Republic of China and Russia. It flows into the Amur Bay of the Sea of Japan. The name ''Suifen'' is the Manchu word ''(suifun) ...
(绥芬河 or 速平江), on the north-west of Hui-ning under the leadership of one of Ahacu (阿哈出)'s sons.


Udige Clan (兀狄哈)

* They invaded Joseon territory in 1402, in 1410, in 1436 (see 곽승우(郭承祐) and 조연(趙涓)), in 1460 with the Oranke (see also 신숙주(申叔舟)) * They were beaten by the Korean General Heo Jong 허종(許琮) (1434–1494) in 1491, under
Seongjong of Joseon Seongjong of Joseon (19 August 1457 – 20 January 1495), personal name Yi Hyeol ( Korean: ; Hanja: ), was the ninth ruler of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. Before succeeding his uncle, King Yejong, he was known as Grand Prince Jalsan ( Korean ...
's reign (see also 조산보(造山堡) and 나사종(羅嗣宗))


Suksuhu River / Suksuhu bira (蘇克素護 or 苏克苏护 毕拉) Clan: Aisin Gioro

* Wang Gao (王杲) († 1575) * Atai ( 阿台) (1575–1583) & 阿海 & 阿弟 * Nikan Wailan ( 尼堪外兰) († 1586) *
Giocangga Giocangga (Manchu: ; ; 1526–1583) was the son of Fuman and the paternal grandfather of Nurhaci, the man who unified the Jurchen peoples and founded the Later Jin dynasty of China. Both he and his son Taksi attacked Atai's fort, which was be ...
(觉昌安) (1542–1571) (Temple name: Jǐngzǔ 景祖) *
Taksi Taksi (Manchu: ; ; 1543–1583) or posthumously titled as Emperor Xuan was a Jurchen chieftain and father of Nurhaci, founder of the Later Jin dynasty, and the fourth son of Giocangga. A member of the House of Aisin-Gioro, he was killed in ...
(塔克世) (1571–1583) (Temple name: Xiǎnzǔ 显祖) *
Nurhaci Nurhaci (14 May 1559 – 30 September 1626), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizu of Qing (), was a Jurchen chieftain who rose to prominence in the late 16th century in Manchuria. A member of the House of Aisin-Gioro, he reigned ...
(努尔哈赤) (Temple name: 太祖)


Hunehe Bira (唿呐呵 毕拉 or 渾河 部)


Wanggiya (汪佳)


Donggo (董鄂)


Jecen aiman (哲陳 部)


Neyen (訥殷)


Jušeri (珠舍哩 or 图色哩)


List of Haixi Jurchens chieftains

Located near the banks of Songhua River


Hulun confederation (扈伦)

* Kesina 克什纳


Yehe Nara (Manchu: , Wade-Giles: nara hala, Chinese: , or ) is a clan name shared by a number of royal Manchu clans. The four tribes of the Hūlun confederation () – Hada (), Ula (), Hoifa () and Yehe () – were all ruled by clans bearing this ...
or Yehe Nara (葉赫 / 叶赫) Clan

Location: banks of Yehe River south of Changchun * Singgen Darhan 星垦达尔汉/星根達爾漢 * Sirke Minggatu 席尔克明噶图/席爾克明噶圖 * Cirgani 齐尔噶尼/齊爾噶尼 * Cukungge 祝孔格/褚孔格 * Taicu 太杵 * Yangginu ( 楊吉砮) & Cinggiyanu ( 淸佳砮) († 1584) * Narimbulu (纳林布录) (1584–1613) 庚寅 * Jintaiji ( 金台石) (1613–1619) (己巳)


Hata/Hada Clan (哈達 / 哈达) (1543–1601)

Location: south of the Yehe Clan (east of Kaiyuan), the southernmost among the Haixi Jurchens. * Wangji Wailan ( 旺济外兰(王忠)) * Wang Tai ( 萬汗/王台) 1548–1582 * Hurhan 扈尔罕 1582 * Menggebulu 孟格布录 1582–1599 * Ulhūda 武尔古岱 1599–1601


Ula (烏拉/乌拉) Clan (1405–1616)

Location: Hulan River (north of Harbin) * Buyan 布顔 * Bugan 布干 * Mantai ( 满泰) (?–1596), the father of
Lady Abahai Empress Xiaoliewu (1590 – 1 October 1626), of the Manchu Plain White Banner Ula Nara clan, personal name Abahai, was a consort of Nurhaci. She was 31 years his junior. Abahai was erroneously identified with Hong Taiji, Nurhaci's eighth s ...
(阿巴亥) *
Bujantai Bujantai (Manchu: ; ) (died 1618) was a Jurchen ''beile'' (chieftain) of the Ula tribal confederation. Bujantai was descended from Nacibulu (納奇卜祿), the ancestor of the Nara lineages of Ula and Hada. Tradition spoke of Nacibulu as havin ...
(布占泰) (1596–1618), the younger brother of Mantai


Hoifa Clan (輝發 / 辉发) (?–1607)

* Wangginu 汪加奴(王机砮) * Baindari 摆银答里 († 1607)


List of Yeren Jurchens (野人) chieftains


Other important chieftains


See also

*
List of Manchu clans This is an alphabetical list of Manchu clans: History When the Jurchens were reorganized by Nurhaci into the Eight Banners, many Manchu clans were artificially created as a group of unrelated people founded a new Manchu clan (mukun) using a geogr ...
* Aisin Gioro *
Jurchens Jurchen (Manchu: ''Jušen'', ; zh, 女真, ''Nǚzhēn'', ) is a term used to collectively describe a number of East Asian Tungusic-speaking peoples, descended from the Donghu people. They lived in the northeast of China, later known as Manch ...


References


THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY OF CHINA The Qing Empire To 1800


Jurchens History of Manchuria Qing dynasty
Jurchens Jurchen (Manchu: ''Jušen'', ; zh, 女真, ''Nǚzhēn'', ) is a term used to collectively describe a number of East Asian Tungusic-speaking peoples, descended from the Donghu people. They lived in the northeast of China, later known as Manch ...
Lists of Chinese monarchs History-related lists {{DEFAULTSORT:Chieftains of the Jurchens