The
renminbi
The renminbi (; symbol: ¥; ISO code: CNY; abbreviation: RMB) is the official currency of the People's Republic of China and one of the world's most traded currencies, ranking as the fifth most traded currency in the world as of April 202 ...
(RMB, also known as Chinese yuan;
ISO code: CNY) is the official currency of the People's Republic of China. Although it is not a freely
convertible currency, and has an official
exchange rate, the CNY plays an important role in the world economy and
international trade
International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories because there is a need or want of goods or services. (see: World economy)
In most countries, such trade represents a significa ...
. This page lists past and present CNY exchange rates with other major currencies, in both nominal and
purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.
Background
After taking control of
economic policy in 1978,
Deng Xiaoping
Deng Xiaoping (22 August 1904 – 19 February 1997) was a Chinese revolutionary leader, military commander and statesman who served as the paramount leader of the China, People's Republic of China (PRC) from December 1978 to November 1989. Aft ...
opened up China to foreign trade and investment, permitting a large influx of foreign
capital
Capital may refer to:
Common uses
* Capital city, a municipality of primary status
** List of national capital cities
* Capital letter, an upper-case letter Economics and social sciences
* Capital (economics), the durable produced goods used fo ...
and sparking rapid economic growth. In 2010, China's annual level of inward
foreign direct investment
A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an investment in the form of a controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based in another country. It is thus distinguished from a foreign portfolio investment by a notion of direct c ...
(FDI) reached a record US$106 billion. As of 2013, China is the world's
second-largest economy, with an estimated nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of US$8.25 trillion and a total international trade value of US$3.64 trillion.
Since the mid-1990s, the official CNY exchange rate has been adopted by numerous international financial and governmental organizations, such as the
International Monetary Fund
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution, headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of 190 countries. Its stated mission is "working to foster glo ...
(IMF), the
World Bank
The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects. The World Bank is the collective name for the Inte ...
and the United Nations (UN). The perceived undervaluing of the CNY by the Chinese government has led to tensions between China and other major economies.
In August 2019, US President
Donald Trump
Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American politician, media personality, and businessman who served as the 45th president of the United States from 2017 to 2021.
Trump graduated from the Wharton School of the University of P ...
designated China a
currency manipulator, a designation not supported by the IMF.
New IMF report doesn’t back Trump’s currency manipulation charge against China
/ref>
Nominal exchange rates
List of nominal exchange rates
List of World Bank nominal exchange rates
List of IMF nominal exchange rates
List of purchasing power parity exchange rates
Purchasing power parity (PPP) figures vary based on inflation and the revision of census figures in different periods. The following is a list of CNY exchange rates based on PPP, estimated according to the International Monetary Fund
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution, headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of 190 countries. Its stated mission is "working to foster glo ...
's World Economic Outloo wek (WEO) database from 2006–present. The exchange rate shown is Intl$. 1 to Chinese yuan (CNY).
References
{{Reflist
External links
China State Administration of Foreign Exchange
Renminbi
The renminbi (; symbol: ¥; ISO code: CNY; abbreviation: RMB) is the official currency of the People's Republic of China and one of the world's most traded currencies, ranking as the fifth most traded currency in the world as of April 202 ...
Renminbi
The renminbi (; symbol: ¥; ISO code: CNY; abbreviation: RMB) is the official currency of the People's Republic of China and one of the world's most traded currencies, ranking as the fifth most traded currency in the world as of April 202 ...
People's Bank of China
Foreign trade of China