This is a list of

by-election A by-election, also known as a special election in the United States and the Philippines, a bye-election in Ireland, a bypoll in India, or a Zimni election (Urdu: ضمنی انتخاب, supplementary election) in Pakistan, is an election used to f ...

s in

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...

since

Confederation A confederation (also known as a confederacy or league) is a union of sovereign groups or states united for purposes of common action. Usually created by a treaty, confederations of states tend to be established for dealing with critical issu ...

. The list includes

Ministerial by-election A ministerial by-election is a by-election to fill a vacancy triggered by the appointment of the sitting member of parliament (MP) as a minister in the cabinet. The requirement for new ministers to stand for re-election was introduced in the Ho ...

s which occurred due to the requirement that Members of Parliament recontest their seats upon being appointed to Cabinet. These by-elections were almost always uncontested. This requirement was abolished in 1931. Notable by-election upsets in Canadian history include the 1949 by-election in Kamouraska where the Liberals, who had won the riding by a 55.8 percentage point margin in the previous general election, were defeated by the Independent Liberal candidate in the by-election; the 1943

Cartier Cartier may refer to: People * Cartier (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name) * Cartier Martin (born 1984), American basketball player Places * Cartier Island, an island north-west of Australia that is part of Australia' ...

by-election which the Liberals lost to the

Labor-Progressive Party The Labor-Progressive Party (french: Parti ouvrier-progressiste) was the legal Front organization, front of the Communist Party of Canada from 1943 to 1959. Origins and initial success In the 1940 Canadian federal election, 1940 federal elect ...

's Fred Rose;

Deborah Grey Deborah Cleland Grey, (born July 1, 1952) is a retired Canadian member of Parliament from Alberta for the Reform Party of Canada, the Canadian Alliance, and the Conservative Party of Canada. She was the first female leader of the Opposition i ...

's 1989 by-election victory in Beaver River in which she won the

Reform Party of Canada The Reform Party of Canada (french: Parti réformiste du Canada) was a right-wing populist and conservative federal political party in Canada that existed under that name from 1987 to 2000. Reform was founded as a Western Canada-based protes ...

's first seat, and Gilles Duceppe's 1990 upset by-election victory in

Laurier—Sainte-Marie Laurier—Sainte-Marie is a federal electoral district in Downtown Montreal, Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1988. Its population in 2016 was 111,835. Geography The district includes Côte Sai ...

on behalf of the newly formed Bloc Québécois.

44th Parliament (2021–present)

43rd Parliament (2019–2021)

42nd Parliament (2015–2019)

41st Parliament (2011–2015)

40th Parliament (2008–2011)

39th Parliament (2006–2008)

38th Parliament (2004–2006)

37th Parliament (2000–2004)

36th Parliament (1997–2000)

35th Parliament (1994–1997)

34th Parliament (1988–1993)

33rd Parliament (1984–1988)

32nd Parliament (1980–1984)

31st Parliament (1979)

30th Parliament (1974–1979)

29th Parliament (1973–1974)

''no by-elections''

28th Parliament (1968–1972)

27th Parliament (1965–1968)

26th Parliament (1963–1965)

25th Parliament (1962–1963)

24th Parliament (1958–1962)

23rd Parliament (1957–1958)

22nd Parliament (1953–1957)

21st Parliament (1949–1953)

20th Parliament (1945–1949)

19th Parliament (1940–1945)

18th Parliament (1936–1940)

17th Parliament (1930–1935)

16th Parliament (1926–1930)

15th Parliament (1926)

14th Parliament (1921–1925)

13th Parliament (1918–1921)

12th Parliament (1911–1917)

11th Parliament (1909–1911)

10th Parliament (1905–1908)

9th Parliament (1901–1904)

8th Parliament (1896–1900)

7th Parliament (1891–1896)

6th Parliament (1887–1891)

5th Parliament (1883–1887)

4th Parliament (1879–1882)

3rd Parliament (1874–1878)

2nd Parliament (1873–1874)

1st Parliament (1867–1872)

References

Sources

Parliament of Canada–Elected in By-Elections
{{Canelections * Federal by-elections