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The Department of Lima () is a department and region located in the central coast of
Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = National seal , national_motto = "Firm and Happy f ...
, the ''seat of the Regional Government'' is
Huacho Huacho () is a city in Peru, capital of the Huaura Province and capital of the Lima Region. Also is the most populated city of the Lima Region and Norte Chico. It is located 223 feet (68 metres) above sea level and 148 km north of the city ...
. Lima Province, which contains the city of Lima, the country's capital, is located west of the Department of Lima; this province is autonomous and not under the jurisdiction of the Regional Government.


Geography

The department of Lima is bordered by the departments of Ancash on the north,
Huánuco Huánuco (; qu, Wanuku) is a city in central Peru. It had a population of 196,627 as of 2017 and in 2015 it had a population of 175,068. It is the capital of the Huánuco Region and the Huánuco District. It is the seat of the diocese of Hu� ...
, Pasco, and Junín on the east, Huancavelica on the southeast, Ica on the south, and the
Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the conti ...
and the Lima Province on the west. The department has a coastal and an Andean zone, and has a great diversity of natural regions: the Coast or ''Chala'' (0 to 500 meters above sea level) up to the ''Janka'' or ''Mountain range'' ( es, Cordillera, over 4800 meters). The predominating regions are the ''Yunga'' (500 to 2300 meters above sea level) and ''Quechua'' (2300 to 3500 meters)


Points of interest


Lachay National Reserve

The
Lachay National Reserve Lachay National Reserve ( es, Reserva Nacional de Lachay) is a protected area in the region of Lima, Peru. The reserve is located north from the Peruvian capital, Lima, and protects part of the lomas ecosystem. Climate Climate at the reserve i ...
, in the
Huaura province Huaura is one of nine provinces of the Department of Lima on the Pacific coast of Peru. It has a population of about 180,000 inhabitants. Is the most important province of the Region Lima-Provinces. It is bordered by the province of Barranca and ...
, is a unique mist-fed eco-system of wild plant and animal species, is a natural reserve located in the north of the department.


Huacho - The capital of the Lima Region

Huacho Huacho () is a city in Peru, capital of the Huaura Province and capital of the Lima Region. Also is the most populated city of the Lima Region and Norte Chico. It is located 223 feet (68 metres) above sea level and 148 km north of the city ...
, the capital of the Region Lima and the most populated city of the department (excluding Lima that is administrated by an autonomous government, the Metropolitan Municipality of Lima). Sitting at the bottom of a wide bay, it has a pleasant and dry climate. In its vicinity, the Huaura River - is where rice, cotton, sugar cane and different fruits and cereals are grown. This has given rise to an important cotton industry as well as soap and oil factories.


Lunahuaná

Lunahuaná District of Cañete Province, is located away from the south city of San Vicente de Cañete. The Incahuasi Archeological complex is located there. Lunahuaná has a dry climate and the sun shines during most of the year. Lately, Lunahuaná has become an adventure sports paradise, such as: ''Canotaje'' (Whitewater Rafting), ''Parapente'' & ''Ala Delta''. Whitewater rafting is possible due to the Cañete River, which has rapids up to level 4. The main settlement in this district is the town of Lunahuaná.


History

The remains of early Andean inhabitants, hunters and harpoon fishermen from more than 6500 years ago, are to be found in the department of Lima. These remains were found in Chivateros, near the
Chillón River The Chillón River is a river located in western Peru. Its waters are produced by the melting of ice in the glaciers of the Andes, and its mouth is located in the Pacific Ocean coast of the Callao Region. Its volume gets higher during the s ...
, and in various other places. These persons incorporated nets, hooks, farming, ceramics and weaving to their everyday objects. The inhabitants of the coast lived in the ''lomas'' and the valleys, where they built temples and dwelling complexes, leading to huge ceremonial centres, such as the Huacoy on the
Chillón River The Chillón River is a river located in western Peru. Its waters are produced by the melting of ice in the glaciers of the Andes, and its mouth is located in the Pacific Ocean coast of the Callao Region. Its volume gets higher during the s ...
; Garagay and La Florida on the
Rímac River The Rímac River is located in western Peru and is the most important source of potable water for the Lima and Callao Metropolitan Area. The river is part of the Pacific watershed and has a length of 204 km. The river begins in the highlan ...
, Manchay on the Lurín River; and Chancay, Supe and many other valleys to the north and south. There are finely ornamented temples with figures modelled in clay. Lithic prehistoric projectile points of Paijan type were found at Ancón, 40 kilometres northeast of Lima in the Chillón River Valley. The 5,000-year-old ruins known as El Paraíso are also located in this area. A temple at the site is believed to be about 5,000 years old. In 2006, a team of archeological researchers led by Robert Benfer announced their findings from a four-year excavation at
Buena Vista Buena Vista, meaning "good view" in Spanish, may refer to: Places Canada *Bonavista, Newfoundland and Labrador, with the name being originally derived from “Buena Vista” *Buena Vista, Saskatchewan * Buena Vista, Saskatoon, a neighborhood in ...
in the
Chillón River The Chillón River is a river located in western Peru. Its waters are produced by the melting of ice in the glaciers of the Andes, and its mouth is located in the Pacific Ocean coast of the Callao Region. Its volume gets higher during the s ...
valley a few kilometres north of present-day Lima. They had discovered a 4200-year-old observatory constructed by an early Andean civilization, a three-dimensional sculpture, unique for the time period in this region, and sophisticated carvings. The observatory is on top of a 10-meter pyramidal
mound A mound is a heaped pile of earth, gravel, sand, rocks, or debris. Most commonly, mounds are earthen formations such as hills and mountains, particularly if they appear artificial. A mound may be any rounded area of topographically highe ...
and has architectural features for sighting the astronomical solstices. The discovery pushes back the time for the development of complex civilisation in the area and has altered scholars' understanding of Preceramic period cultures in Peru.Richard Lovett, "Oldest Observatory in Americas Discovered in Peru"
''National Geographic'', May 2006, accessed 2 Nov 2010
The Lima culture (100 A.D. to 650 A.D.) arose in this area, specially in the central valleys from Chancay to Lurín. It was distinguished by painted adobe buildings. During this time, the Huari conquest took place, thus giving rise to Huari-style ceramics, together with a local style known as Nievería. As the population grew, their culture changed. With the decline of the Huari, whose most important center was
Cajamarquilla The Cajamarquilla archaeological site is located 25 km inland from the coastal city of Lima, Peru; in the Jicamarca Valley, 6 km north of the Rímac River. It occupies an area of approximately 167 ha, making it one of the largest archae ...
, new local cultures arose. The Chancay are the most well-known. They developed large urban centers and a considerable textile production, as well as mass-produced ceramics. At this stage in the mid- 15th century, the Incas arrived from their base in the Andes. They conquered and absorbed the regional cultures and occupied important sites such as Pachacamac, turning it into an administrative centre.


Political division

The department is divided into 9 provinces, which are composed of 171 districts. *
Barranca Barranca (Spanish for "canyon" or "ravine"), may refer to: Geography Argentina * Barranca Yaco, Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, Argentina Chile * Barrancas, Pichilemu, a village in Pichilemu Colombia * Barrancas, La Guajira, town and ...
(
Barranca Barranca (Spanish for "canyon" or "ravine"), may refer to: Geography Argentina * Barranca Yaco, Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, Argentina Chile * Barrancas, Pichilemu, a village in Pichilemu Colombia * Barrancas, La Guajira, town and ...
) * Cajatambo ( Cajatambo) * Cañete ( San Vicente de Cañete) * Canta ( Canta) *
Huaral Huaral is a town in central Peru, capital of the Huaral Province in the Department of Lima. Etymology Regarding the origin of the word ''huaral'', there are two hypotheses: * The first corresponds to historian Jesus Elias Ipinze, who affirms th ...
(
Huaral Huaral is a town in central Peru, capital of the Huaral Province in the Department of Lima. Etymology Regarding the origin of the word ''huaral'', there are two hypotheses: * The first corresponds to historian Jesus Elias Ipinze, who affirms th ...
) * Huarochirí (
Matucana ''Matucana'' is a genus of cactus, cacti (family (biology), family Cactaceae), containing approximately 20 species of mostly globular plants. The genus is only known from Peru, mostly along the Marañón River. The first species was discovered ...
) * Huaura (
Huacho Huacho () is a city in Peru, capital of the Huaura Province and capital of the Lima Region. Also is the most populated city of the Lima Region and Norte Chico. It is located 223 feet (68 metres) above sea level and 148 km north of the city ...
) * Oyón ( Oyón) * Yauyos ( Yauyos)


Places of interest

* Caral * Lachay Hill's *
Nor Yauyos-Cochas Landscape Reserve The Nor Yauyos-Cochas Landscape Reserve ( es, Reserva Paisajística Nor Yauyos-Cochas) is a protected area in Peru located in the Lima Region, Yauyos Province and in the Junín Region, Jauja Province. It lies with the Peruvian Yungas and Central ...


References


External links


Lima Region Information Hub
– Lima Region Information Hub official website
Lima Region Tourism Board
– Lima Region Tourism Board (CEPTUR) official website
North Lima Region
– Lima Region: Social, Cultural and Tourist Information

– General facts and travel information about Lima
Gobierno Regional Lima
– Lima Regional Government official website {{Authority control Regions of Peru