Leonard Shuffrey (1852–1926) was a British architect and architectural designer of the late Victorian and Edwardian period. He was a leading figure of the aesthetic movement that had a significant impact on the development of buildings and their interiors and their settings, both across London and the South of England. Noted for his wallpaper, fireplaces and ornate plasterwork, Shuffrey was thought the equal of

William Morris William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896) was a British textile designer, poet, artist, novelist, architectural conservationist, printer, translator and socialist activist associated with the British Arts and Crafts Movement. He ...

in his creativity and skill as a craftsman. His output is often found in decorative schemes with

Edward Ould Edward Augustus Lyle Ould (1852–1909) was an English architect. Ould was a son of the rector of Tattenhall, Cheshire. He became a pupil of the Chester architect John Douglas and in 1886 he joined in partnership with the Liverpool architect G ...

William De Morgan William Frend De Morgan (16 November 1839 – 15 January 1917) was an English potter, tile designer and novelist. A lifelong friend of William Morris, he designed tiles, stained glass and furniture for Morris & Co. from 1863 to 1872. His tiles ...

, and other preeminent Arts & Crafts and late Pre-Raphaelite decorative artists of the day.

Early life and family

Leonard Atkinson Shuffrey was born on 31 March 1852 in Wood Green,

Witney Witney is a market town on the River Windrush in West Oxfordshire in the county of Oxfordshire, England. It is west of Oxford. The place-name "Witney" is derived from the Old English for "Witta's island". The earliest known record of it is as ...

Oxfordshire Oxfordshire is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the north west of South East England. It is a mainly rural county, with its largest settlement being the city of Oxford. The county is a centre of research and development, primarily ...

, into an old Wood Green family of blanket weavers and tanners of Huguenot origin, who had lived at 7 Narrow Hill since the early eighteenth century. His parents were Samuel Shuffrey (1810–1889) and Sarah Shuffrey, nee Baylis (1819–1875). One of seven siblings, Shuffrey was the elder brother of the celebrated watercolour artist

James Allen Shuffrey James Allen Shuffrey (1858–1939) was a British Victorian and Edwardian watercolour artist particularly associated with Oxford and Oxfordshire. Early life and family James Allen Shuffrey was born in 1859 in Wood Green, Witney, Oxfordshir ...

. Their cousin was the Revd William Shuffrey (1851–1932), who was Vicar of Arncliffe and Honorary Canon of Ripon Cathedral. Leonard Shuffrey attended

Bloxham School Bloxham School, also called All Saints' School, is an independent co-educational day and boarding school of the British public school tradition, located in the village of Bloxham, three miles (5 km) from the town of Banbury in Oxfordshir ...

between 1856 and 1867. Shuffrey's first marriage, in 1873, was to Sarah Fletcher, a relative of Banister Fletcher (senior), with whom he had a son, also named Leonard. Leonard senior's second wife, whom he married in 1877 after the death of Sarah, was Martha Carey, great granddaughter of James Hardy, relative of Admiral Sir Thomas Hardy, Captain of the Victory. Leonard and Martha had two sons, Gilbert (b. 1891) and Paul Shuffrey (b.1889), and a daughter, Kathleen (b. 1899). All of Shuffrey's sons attended

St Paul's School, London (''By Faith and By Learning'') , established = , closed = , type = Independent school Public school , religion = Church of England , president = , he ...

Work

Leonard Shuffrey worked briefly for Carron's ironworks, before becoming articled to the architect Banister Fletcher (senior) in London. In 1871, after several years of architectural experience, he became an early member of the Architectural Association, where he was an associate of

Aston Webb Sir Aston Webb (22 May 1849 – 21 August 1930) was a British architect who designed the principal facade of Buckingham Palace and the main building of the Victoria and Albert Museum, among other major works around England, many of them in pa ...

. This was the start of a long collaboration with

, with Shuffrey providing numerous interior fittings for Webb's buildings, including at Christ's Hospital, Horsham (1902), his Birmingham University Buildings, (1909). and for Webb's Malvern College War Memorial Library (1925). Shuffrey was, above all things, a superlative craftsman. Early in his career he developed an intense interest in decorative design, and appears to have focused on, and made a name for himself in, this area of work. In 1880, with the help of a sleeping partner, George Sherrin, Shuffrey founded his practice, Shuffrey & Co., with the aim of supplying fireplaces, wallpaper, tiles, and later, decorative plasterwork. The firm, had premises at 38–39 New Cavendish Street in London. Shuffrey & Co's work can be found across London and the South of England – particularly in London, and his home county of

. The firm had a woodworking factory, managed by Shuffrey's son Leonard, for making the overmantles and fireplaces, near to the Shuffrey's family's home in Wood Green,

. In 1880, Shuffrey won a competition run by The British Architect magazine to design a terracotta fireplace. The award was presented by the architect

Alfred Waterhouse Alfred Waterhouse (19 July 1830 – 22 August 1905) was an English architect, particularly associated with the Victorian Gothic Revival architecture, although he designed using other architectural styles as well. He is perhaps best known f ...

, who noted that Shuffrey was already well established in this field. Shuffrey was later to provide fireplaces for Waterhouse's Pearl Life Assurance Building in Liverpool (1896–1898). Shuffrey & Co. sought business through advertising in journals and magazines, and by exhibiting at trade events. In 1882, the firm had a stand at the Fine Art & Industrial Exhibition at St James' Hall in Manchester, where their display included mantels, fireplaces, paperhangings and door furniture. Shuffrey's achievements were unique, but parallel the decorative craftsmanship of

, whom he knew.Like Morris, he was a skilled craftsman and took up decoration after first gaining architectural experience. Shuffrey could always demonstrate to the wood carver or modeller in clay, with his own hand the effect he wanted, and everything that came from his studio reflected his own skill as a craftsman and designer. However, he was 20 years younger than Morris, and his work drove a change from the often-dense detail of Morris, to cleaner lines and decorative restraint. He became a Member of the Incorporated Institute of British Decorators in 1889, the year of its creation. Shuffrey was later a Council Member, Treasurer, Vice President and President of the organisation. Shuffrey spent his leisure time drawing architectural details and creating watercolour sketches. His notebooks were reported to be a substantial and fascinating repository of interesting historical details. The architect's main interest and talent was for decorative design, but he was also a highly accomplished designer of buildings (although only a few examples are known). In 1888, having acquired land in North Ealing, Shuffrey built Thorncote, his 'Bedford Park' style home on Edgehill Road. The house features pedimented gables, multi-paned sashes and other Dutch and Queen Anne features, including a hipped, tiled roof and big-hooded porch. The building is now Grade 2 listed. He also built 'Ingleside', the adjacent house, with its 'crowstepped' gable, and 'The Old Coach House' opposite. Shuffrey decorated his house with

wallpaper, and tiles by

. Shuffrey also delighted in drawing and creating the type of cotswold stone cottages he had known since his childhood, and a number of houses in Wood Green,

, were built and adapted by Leonard for the Shuffrey family. In addition, in 1909, Shuffrey and his siblings donated a pulpit and chancel screen dedicated to their parents in

Holy Trinity Church, Wood Green Holy Trinity Church, Wood Green, is a Grade II listed Victorian church in Witney, Oxfordshire. The Church was built in 1848–9, on land given by the bishop of Winchester and the duke of Marlborough; the cost was met largely from subscriptions, a ...

. The work was designed by Shuffrey and executed in his Wood Green workshop nearby.

Wallpaper

Shuffrey's wallpaper was thought to be second only to

in its invention and its creator's craftsmanship. His firm had works in

Herne Hill Herne Hill is a district in South London, approximately four miles from Charing Cross and bordered by Brixton, Camberwell, Dulwich, and Tulse Hill. It sits to the north and east of Brockwell Park and straddles the boundary between the borou ...

, South London, where the paper was printed using wooden blocks. Shuffrey & Co produced a number of sample book of their wallpaper designs. The second book was launched in 1886, with The Builder Magazine, praising the "simplicity and lack of ostentation" of the designs, adding, "architects will be glad to have this book". A further book was produced in 1891. The paper, which was skilled yet simple in design, was printed in shades of chocolate, greens, and buffs. It was praised for its creativity and affordability by ordinary home owners: "Shuffrey appear to have met a want in producing inexpensive wall-papers of good design suitable for houses of the middle-classes, and the prices they quote are sufficiently low to enable a tenant to paper his room throughout with patterns that will form a quiet background, and be free from artistic objections." The ''Builder Magazine'' wrote: "The 'Daisy' pattern, in red, blue, and green, is pleasingly arranged, well covering the ground with leaves and flowers, and the price is 3s. per piece. We may also note the patterns 'Ox-Eye,' 'Indian' (No. 6), the 'Cone,' 'Honeysuckle' (No. 17), 'Diaper' 'Moresque' (No. 18), as suitable for rooms of ordinary houses." Shuffrey even provided notes on the use of the paper: "A pleasing way of treating the side of a room is to paper with these (dado papers, Nos. 1, 2, and 3 in the book) to a height of about three- fourths that of the room, finishing with a picture rail rebated, as shown on sketch, to receive brass picture hooks, and covering the space above with an embossed enrichment or a lighter paper. By this treatment pictures have the advantage of a dark rich background, and an effect of air and space is obtained by the lighter decoration above."

Fireplaces

Designing fireplaces enabled Shuffrey to employ a variety of materials, and every fireplace was treated as an individual piece of decorative work. They were used extensively by leading architects, who appreciated the quality of Shuffrey's drawings, and were willing to rely on his judgement. Fireplaces provided a central occupation of Shuffrey's lifetime, and his showrooms were filled with interesting examples in wood and metal, "amongst which he moved like a curator in museum, loving to explain memorable facts about them". Many well-known buildings were furnished with Shuffrey fireplaces, including the

Victoria & Albert Museum The Victoria and Albert Museum (often abbreviated as the V&A) in London is the world's largest museum of applied arts, decorative arts and design, housing a permanent collection of over 2.27 million objects. It was founded in 1852 and nam ...

the

Bank of England The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom and the model on which most modern central banks have been based. Established in 1694 to act as the English Government's banker, and still one of the bankers for the Government of ...

, Admiralty Buildings,

York Cottage York Cottage is a house in the grounds of Sandringham House in Norfolk, England. History The cottage was originally called the Bachelor's Cottage, and built as an overflow residence for Sandringham House. In 1893, it was given by the future ...

on the Sandringham Estate, the

Royal Air Force Club The Royal Air Force Club, or RAF Club in short-form, is a club located at 128 Piccadilly, London. Membership is open to men and women who hold, or have held, commissions in the RAF, PMRAFNS, Reserve Forces and Commonwealth and friendly fore ...

and

Imperial College Imperial College London (legally Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine) is a public research university in London, United Kingdom. Its history began with Prince Albert, consort of Queen Victoria, who developed his vision for a cu ...

, London. Shuffrey wrote his book, ''The English Fireplace'', published by Batsford in 1912, which became required reading for architects and designers.Bartlett School of Architecture (2020) ''A Survey of London'', University College London, p. 24.

Ceilings

Shuffrey & Co also designed and made decorated ceilings, chiefly in 'fibrous' plasterwork but also in wood. In 1893, Shuffrey was asked to design ceilings at

Wightwick Manor The legacy of a family's passion for Victorian art and design, Wightwick Manor (pronounced "Wittick") is a Victorian manor house located on Wightwick Bank, Wolverhampton, West Midlands, England. Owned by the National Trust since 1937, the Manor ...

near Wolverhampton, which was being built by

for Theodore Mander, of the

Mander family The Mander family has held for over 200 years a prominent position in the Midland counties of England, both in the family business and public life. In the early industrial revolution, the Mander family entered the vanguard of the expansion of ...

.Ponder, S (2006). ''Wightwick Manor and Gardens''. National Trust Guidebooks. The billiard and dining room ceilings which he created are in the Jacobean style with pendants, and with ornate friezes below. Other artists and designers commissioned to decorate and furnish the old english style manor were

Charles Eamer Kempe Charles Eamer Kempe (29 June 1837 – 29 April 1907) was a British Victorian era designer and manufacturer of stained glass. His studios produced over 4,000 windows and also designs for altars and altar frontals, furniture and furnishings, lich ...

, who designed stained glass windows, and

.Ponder, S (2006). ''Wightwick Manor and Gardens''. National Trust Guidebooks. In 1908, Shuffrey was again called into service by

and the Maunder Family.

Charles Tertius Mander Sir Charles Tertius Mander, 1st Baronet JP, DL, TD (16 July 1852 – 8 April 1929) was a Midland manufacturer (and as such Royal Warrant holder), philanthropist and public servant, of Wolverhampton, England. Biography Mander was the eldest s ...

, a cousin of Theodore Mander at

, was undertaking an ongoing Arts & Crafts remodelling of his house, The Mount, near to Wolverhampton. The work entailed the addition of a 55-foot 'Jacobean' library; a two-story Edwardian living hall with a sprung floor for ballroom dancing, a cabin and music gallery with a secret staircase 'carried up in the fireplace recess'. Shuffrey's ceiling is lavish, with pendant bosses and armatures on wood bracketing. Other artists and designers who contributed to the decoration of The Mount included Herbert Bryans and Christoper Webb, who designed the stained glass. Shuffrey also designed the Arts & Crafts restoration ceiling at

Owlpen Manor Owlpen Manor is a Tudor Grade I listed manor house of the Mander family, situated in the village of Owlpen in the Stroud district in Gloucestershire, England. There is an associated estate set in a valley within the Cotswold Area of Outstandi ...

in Gloucestershire, again for the

Mander Family The Mander family has held for over 200 years a prominent position in the Midland counties of England, both in the family business and public life. In the early industrial revolution, the Mander family entered the vanguard of the expansion of ...

. Here his work complements heraldic stained glass by Herbert Bryans and

Christopher Webb Christopher Rahere Webb (1886-1966) was an English stained glass designer. His unusual second name was derived from that of the founder of St Bartholomew's Priory in London where his father, Edward Alfred Webb and his uncle, Sir Aston Webb ...

, and the Library by his old collaborator

. In 1926, the final year of Shuffrey's life, he designed a plaster barrel roof for the 'new' War Memorial Library at

Trinity College, Oxford (That which you wish to be secret, tell to nobody) , named_for = The Holy Trinity , established = , sister_college = Churchill College, Cambridge , president = Dame Hilary Boulding , location = Broad Street, Oxford OX1 3BH , coordinates ...

Tiles

Little is known about Shuffrey's tiles. Shuffrey & Co. designed lustre tiles in the style of

William de Morgan William Frend De Morgan (16 November 1839 – 15 January 1917) was an English potter, tile designer and novelist. A lifelong friend of William Morris, he designed tiles, stained glass and furniture for Morris & Co. from 1863 to 1872. His tiles ...

and

. Just two transfer printed tile designs were registered by Shuffrey, as well as a number of moulded designs. Shuffrey's tiles were probably created on blanks by

Maw & Co Maw & Co have made earthenware encaustic tiles for walls and floors since 1850, when the English company was established by George Maw and his brother Arthur. Their first factory was in Worcester and in 1862 the company moved to Broseley, Shrop ...

. Shuffrey & Co tiles and glazed fireplaces were used in the refurbishing of two starcases at Brasenose College in 1885, along with tiles by

and

Final years

Shuffrey's second son, Lt Gilbert Shuffrey, was killed during the Great War, casting a shadow over the architect's final years. Gilbert died fighting with the South Lancashire Regiment at the Battle of Gallipoli in August 1915, and is commemorated on

Helles Memorial The Helles Memorial is a Commonwealth War Graves Commission war memorial near Sedd el Bahr, in Turkey, on the headland at the tip of the Gallipoli peninsula overlooking the Dardanelles. It includes an obelisk which is over high. The memorial ...

. He is also memorialised on Ealing War Memorial, which was designed by his father; Gilbert's is the only name to appear in full. Gilbert Shuffrey is also commemorated at St Peter's Church, Ealing where in 1921 his father was closely involved in the design of a remarkable carved oak reredos, dominating the Church's Lady Chapel – part of the Chapel's redecoration and furnishing as a War Memorial. The east wall around the reredos was further beautified in 1928 with highly accomplished painted angels by another Ealing-based artist,

Henry Charles Brewer Henry Charles Brewer (1866–1950) was a British painter well known in the first half of the 20th century for his watercolour landscapes and architectural paintings. Family and early life Born on 25 May 1866 in Wurzburg, Bavaria, Henry Charle ...

. Gilbert's name also appears on a Roll of Honour in the Chapel, and an illuminated Memorial Book. Shuffrey, who had attended and been a member of the Church Council of St Peter's with his family since the Church's completion in 1893, contributed other items to the Church, including the alabaster high altar, a font, and the Lady Chapel altar.Hayes, R. 'New & Old: A History of St Peter's Church Mount Park, Ealing', 1985 In 1896 a visit was paid to the newly-completed St Peter's by the members of the Architectural Association, who afterwards received tea at Thorncote, Shuffrey's new House a short distance away. Shuffrey also designed War Memorials for

, his Alma Mater, and Henry Box School (Witney Grammar School). In 1924, Shuffrey's son Paul Shuffrey, who had become a notable colonial administrator in Sierra Leone, returned to England to help his father to run Shuffrey & Co. In July the following year, Shuffrey was awarded the Gold Medal of the Incorporated Institute of British Decorators. The medal was presented by

Sir Banister Fletcher Sir Banister Flight Fletcher (15 February 1866 – 17 August 1953) was an English architect and architectural historian, as was his father, also named Banister Fletcher. They wrote the standard textbook ''A History of Architecture'', ...

, the son of Shuffrey's first employer Banister Fletcher (senior), and an old friend. The ceremony was held at Painters' Hall, where Shuffrey had earlier designed a decorated plaster ceiling. The medal had had only three previous recipients – the distinguished architects and designers

William Blake Richmond Sir William Blake Richmond KCB, , PPRBSA (29 November 184211 February 1921) was a British painter, sculptor and a designer of stained glass and mosaic. He is best known for his portrait work and decorative mosaics in St Paul's Cathedral in ...

John Dibblee Crace John Dibblee Crace (1838 – 18 November 1919) was a distinguished British interior designer who provided decorative schemes for the British Museum, the National Gallery, the Royal Academy, Tyntesfield and Longleat among many other notable bu ...

and Metford Warner. Shuffrey died on Monday 27 December 1926 at Thorncote, the house he had built in Ealing almost 40 years earlier. His funeral was held at St Peter's Church, Ealing on Friday 31 December, and he was buried in

. Shuffrey's decorated plaster barrel roof in the 'new' War Memorial Library at

was still under construction when he died. In early 1927, shortly after Shuffrey's death, an obituary in Architecture magazine commented that Shuffrey "exercised an influence second only to

. Nothing came from his studio that did not bear the impress of his own faculty for design, and looking back over the wide range of wall papers, fireplace, paster work, hand painted tiles, woodwork, ecclesiastical decoration, and stained glass, it is hard to believe that the life of one man could comprise so much invention." Shuffrey & Co closed after its Principal's death in 1926. This was partly because Paul Shuffrey was not a trained architect and lacked his father's skill as a craftsman, compounded by a substantial reduction in demand following the War. Paul Shuffrey continued to live in a flat at the firm's former premises on New Cavendish Street, from where he edited the

Church Quarterly Review ''The Church Quarterly Review'' (now abbreviated ''CQR'') was an English journal published by the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. It existed independently from 1875 until 1968; in that year it merged with the ''London Quarterly and Hol ...

. The Shuffrey family remained at Thorncote until the 1950s. Paul Shuffrey died in 1955. His will made provision to endow a fellowship at

Lincoln College, Oxford Lincoln College (formally, The College of the Blessed Mary and All Saints, Lincoln) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford, situated on Turl Street in central Oxford. Lincoln was founded in 1427 by Richard Fleming, the ...

in his father's memory, since when there have been numerous notable Shuffrey Fellows. The Fellowship continues to this day.

Legacy

Although heavily indebted to

and others, Shuffrey was part of a different generation of artists, moving away from what they saw as excessive detail. Shuffrey therefore undoubtedly influenced the younger Art nouveaux and Art Deco artists and designers who succeeded him. Shuffey and his contemporaries also created a revolution in the availability of their work to the middle-classes - driving the democratisation of high-quality decorative design.

Known works

Decorated Ceilings

, near Wolverhampton. Elaborate Shuffrey & Co. pendant imitation Jacobean plaster ceiling and frieze in the dining room and billiard room. * The Mount, near Wolverhampton. Shuffrey designed the ceiling for the new Library (1908). *

, Gloucestershire. Shuffrey & Co. Arts & Crafts ceilings. * Painter's Hall, London. Dining room hall ceiling. *

. Decorated Shuffrey & Co. plaster barrel roof in the War Memorial Library. * Oxford Union. Shuffrey & Co. decorated Library plaster ceiling. * Bryn Hafod house in Kettering, by

John Alfred Gotch John Alfred Gotch (28 September 1852, Kettering, Northamptonshire – 17 January 1942, Kettering, Northamptonshire) was a noted English architect and architectural historian. His brother was the Pre-Raphaelite painter and illustrator Thomas Coo ...

(1896). Shuffrey designed the ceilings.

Wallpaper

* Six examples of Shuffrey & Co wallpaper are held by the

. * The Leeds & Yorkshire Architectural Society, instaled Shuffrey & Co Wallpaper when they moved into their new premises on Albion Street, Leeds, in 1883.

Ecclesiastical fittings

* St Peter's Church, Ealing. Shuffrey Marble font, alabaster high altar, Lady Chapel altar and reredos. *

, Witney (1909). Pulpit donated in memory of Leonard Shuffrey's parents and made in his Wood Green workshop to his design. * St Paul's Church, Great Portland Street, (1894). Shuffrey & Co built a hexagonal oak pulpit, to the designs of Paul Waterhouse of

& Sons.

Fireplaces

* Admiralty buildings, London *

, London *

University of Birmingham , mottoeng = Through efforts to heights , established = 1825 – Birmingham School of Medicine and Surgery1836 – Birmingham Royal School of Medicine and Surgery1843 – Queen's College1875 – Mason Science College1898 – Mason Univers ...

buildings designed by

and Ingress Bell in 1909. Shuffrey & Co. stoves, grates and mantels. *

Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) is a global professional body for surveyors, founded in London in 1868. It works at a cross-governmental level, and aims to promote and enforce the highest international standards in the val ...

building on Great George Street, designed by

in 1899. Shuffrey & Co, provided grates and chimneypieces. * Coutts Bank building, The Strand, London, 1904, designed by John Macvicar Anderson. Shuffrey & Co provided fireplaces & grates. *

Christ's Hospital Christ's Hospital is a public school (English independent boarding school for pupils aged 11–18) with a royal charter located to the south of Horsham in West Sussex. The school was founded in 1552 and received its first royal charter in 1553. ...

, architect

, 1902. Shuffrey & Co. grates and mantles. *

, London * New Holborn Baths, in London, built in 1902, with Shuffrey & Co. chimneypieces. * Malvern College War Memorial Library, architect

Sir Aston Webb Sir Aston Webb (22 May 1849 – 21 August 1930) was a British architect who designed the principal facade of Buckingham Palace and the main building of the Victoria and Albert Museum, among other major works around England, many of them in par ...

, 1925. Shuffrey & Co. supplied the fireplace in the upper hall. * Pearl Life Assurance Building (1896–98), Liverpool. * Phoenix Assurance Building, King William Street, London, 1916, designed by J. Macvicar Anderson and H. L. Anderson, Architects. Shuffrey & Co. provided the grates.* Rotherhithe Town Hall, London (destroyed 1944) *

, London * St. Felix School, Southwold, 1966, Arnold Mitchell Architect. Shuffrey & Co. grates and chimney pieces. *

new galleries fronting Cromwell road, architect

1899-1909. Shuffrey & Co fireplaces. *

, Sandringham

War Memorials

* Ealing Town War Memorial, London * Henry Box School (Witney Grammar School),

Other Work

* The Architectural Association's premises at 56 Great Marlborough Street 91901). Shuffrey & Co carried out alterations to create a new Common Room, under the supervision of the Association's of President,

George Fellowes Prynne George Halford Fellowes Prynne (1853–1927) was a Victorian and Edwardian English church architect. Part of the High Church school of Gothic Revival Architecture, Prynne's work can be found across Southern England. Biography Early life George Ha ...

. * The Jubilee Drinking Fountain in

Halstead Halstead is a town and civil parish in the Braintree District of Essex, England. Its population of 11,906 in 2011 George Courtauld (politician) George Courtauld (11 August 1830 – 29 February 1920) was an English cloth manufacturer and Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1878 to 1885. Courtauld was the son of George Courtauld of Bocking, Essex. He was educated at U ...

, and commemorates Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shuffrey, Leonard 1852 births 1926 deaths British architects